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Tutorial 2 Ans

This document contains a tutorial on electronic circuits with 13 problems and their solutions. The problems cover topics such as op-amp circuits, comparators, integrators, differentiators, and more. The solutions analyze the circuit diagrams and calculate values such as output voltages, input/output relationships, and component values needed to satisfy specific design criteria.

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1K views9 pages

Tutorial 2 Ans

This document contains a tutorial on electronic circuits with 13 problems and their solutions. The problems cover topics such as op-amp circuits, comparators, integrators, differentiators, and more. The solutions analyze the circuit diagrams and calculate values such as output voltages, input/output relationships, and component values needed to satisfy specific design criteria.

Uploaded by

Kemproof
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SCHOOL OF COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS


Tutorial 2 - Solution
DKT214 Electronic Circuits; Semester 1 2010/2011
1. A certain op-amp has an open-loop gain of 80,000. The maximum saturated output levels of this
particular device are 12 V when the dc supply voltages are 15 V. if a differential voltage of
0.15 mV rms is applied between the inputs, what is the peak-to-peak value of the output?
Vout(p) = AolVin = (80,000)(0.15 mV)(1.414) = 17 V
Since 12 V is the peak limit, the op-amp saturates.
Vout(pp) = 24 V with distortion due to clipping
2. Determine the output level (maximum positive or maximum negative) for each comparator in
Figure 2.1.

Figure 2.1
(a) Maximum negative
(b) Maximum positive
(c) Maximum negative
3. Calculate the VUTP and VLTP in Figure 2.2. Vout(max) = 10 V. Determine also the hysteresis
voltage.

Figure 2.2

V UTP =

R2
18kOhm
10 V =
10V =2.77 V
R1R 2
65kOhm

V LTP=

R2
18kOhm
10 V =
10V=2.77V
R 1 R 2
65kOhm

V HYS =V UTP V LTP=2.77V 2.77 V =5.54 V


4. Determine the output voltage waveform in Figure 2.3

Figure 2.3

5. Refer to Figure 2.4. Determine the following:


(a) VR1 and VR2
(b) Current through Rf
(c) VOUT
Then, find the value of Rf necessary to produce an output that is five times the sum of the inputs
in that figure.

Figure 2.4

6. Find the output voltage when the input voltages shown in Figure 2.5 are applied to the scaling
adder. What is the current through Rf?

Figure 2.5

7. Determine the rate of change of the output voltage in response to the step input to the integrator
in Figure 2.6.

Figure 2.6

8. A triangular waveform with a peak-to-peak voltage of 2 V and a period of 1 ms is applied to the


differentiator in Figure 2.7 (a). What is the output voltage?

9. Beginning in position 1 in Figure 2.7 (b), the switch is thrown into position 2 and held there for
10 ms, then back to position 1 for 10 ms, and so forth. Sketch the resulting output waveform if
its initial value is 0 V. The saturated output levels of the op-amp are 12 V.

Figure 2.7

10. Design an integrator that will produce an output voltage with a slope of 100 mV/s when the
input voltage is a constant 5 V. Specify the input frequency of a square wave with an amplitude
of 5 V that will result in a 5 V peak-to-peak triangular wave output.

11. A two-input summer is to produce an output voltage vo = 2 sin t V when one of the input
voltages is vi1 = 5 0.5 sin t V . Using an ideal op-amp and a number of resistor, design the
summer. All resistors must be in the range 20 k to 100 k.
The input voltage is comprised of a dc component of 5 V and sinusoidal component 0.5sint V. If we
have a second input for the dc voltage of 5 V, we can eliminate the dc component in the output voltage
if we make the gain of input 1 equal to the gain of input 2. This is shown in the following circuit.

RF

vI1

vI2

R1

R2

vO
+

v I 1 = 5 0.5sin t V
vI2 = 5 V

With the amplitudes of the sinusoidal input and output voltages of 0.5 V and 2 V respectively, the required
gain is;

Av =

RF
2
=
= 4
R1
0.5

Since we are required to use resistors in the range 20 k to 100 k, we select R1 = R2 = 25 k. Then,
for the gain of 4, RF must be 100 k.

RF
vI1
= 5 0.5sin t V
vI2 = 5 V

100 k

R1

25 k

vO

R2

25 k

NOTE: We can also use R1 = R2 = 20 k and the corresponding RF = 80 k which are also in the range of
20 k to 100 k.

12. Design the circuit in Figure 2.8(a) to produce an output voltage vO in Figure 2.8(c) when the
input voltage vI is as shown in Figure 2.8(b). Assume the op-amp is ideal and use C = 220 pF.
R

vI

vO

Figure
2.8(a)

v I (V)
5
0

t ( s)

Figure
2.8(b)

v O (V)
8.8
0
8.8

10

15

20
t ( s)

Figure
2.8(c)

For a differentiator;

vO ( t ) = CR

dv I ( t )
dt

R=

0 t 5

dv I ( t )
= 2 V/s
dt
= 2 10 6 / s

and

vO ( t ) = 8.8 V

vO ( t )
[ dv I ( t ) / dt ]C

Hence;

R=

8.8
8.8
=
6
6
2 10 C 2 10 220 10 12

R = 20 k

13. For the circuit in Figure 2.9(a), C = 0.1 F and R = 10 k. Both the output and input voltages
are zero at t = 0. An input voltage vI shown in Figure 2.9(b) is applied to the circuit. Sketch the
resulting output waveform vO(t).
v I (V)

vI

Ao
+

vO

Figure
2.9(a)

-1

Time constant, = RC = 10 4 0.1 10 6 = 1 ms

v I ( t ) = 1 for 0 t 1
Thus;

vO ( t ) = VO

t
1 t
vI ( t ')dt ' = 103 1dt ' = 103 t

0
CR 0

Hence at t = 1 ms vO = 1 V
Also;

Thus;

v I ( t ) = 1 for 1 t 2 and v O = 1 V at t = 1 ms

(Since vO = 0 at t = 0)

t (ms)

Figure
2.9(b)

vO ( t ) = VO

1 t
vI ( t ')dt '
CR 10 3

= 1 + 103

t
10 3

1dt ' = 1 + 103 [ t ]10 3


t

= 1 + 103 t 10 3

3
-3
-3
Hence at t = 2ms vO = 1 + 10 2 10 - 10 = 0

v O (V)
1

-1

t (ms)

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