Introduction to
DVB-T2
Second Generation Digital
Terrestrial Video Broadcasting
Copyright: Rohde&Schwarz
Training Center Munich
What is DVB-T2
It is not DVB-T using MPEG-4 encoding
It is a new DVB transmission standard for
the terrestrial world
It is not backward-compatible to DVB-T
It offers 30 50 % higher data rates than DVB-T.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 2
MPEG-4 within DVB-T
MPEG-4 AVC and MPEG-4 AAC encoding
within DVB-T is of course possible
DVB-T is only a transmission standard.
Countries installing DVB-T now are using
MPEG-4.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 3
DVB History
Source: DVB project
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 4
DVB-T
Baseband
signal
Forward Error
Correction
MPEG-2 TS
-packet structure
-short packets of
const. length
-asynchronous
Concatenated
FEC:
-scrambler,
RS block code,
convolutional
coder with
puncturing
- short time
interleaver
each packet
header has to
be analyzed
(PID)
power
intensive
bad mobile
reception
capability
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 5
Modulation
-COFDM using
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
-absolute mapping
-pilots for channel correction
2K mode
8K mode
-wide carrier
-close carrier
spacing (1kHz)
spacing (4kHz)
-short symbols
-long symbols
-short guard
-long guard
better mobile
reception
capability as 8K,
but expensive
to build SFNs
bad mobile
reception
capability, but
good for SFNs
DVB-T -> DVB-H
Baseband
signal
Forward Error
Correction
MPEG-2 TS
-packet structure
-short packets of
const. length
-asynchronous
Concatenated
FEC:
-scrambler,
RS block code,
convolutional
coder with
puncturing
- short time
interleaver
each packet
header has to
be analyzed
(PID)
power
intensive
time slicing
bad mobile
reception
capability
in-depth
interleaving
+ add. FEC
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 6
Modulation
-COFDM using
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
-absolute mapping
-pilots for channel correction
8K mode
2K mode
-wide carrier
-close carrier
spacing (1kHz)
spacing (4kHz)
-short symbols
-long symbols
-short guard
-long guard
better mobile
reception
capability as 8K,
but expensive
to build SFNs
bad mobile
reception
capability, but
good for SFNs
4K mode
DVB-T2
DVB-T2
Second generation digital terrestrial television
broadcasting system
Draft ETSI EN 302 755
Draft finished in May 2008
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 7
DVB-T2
New DVB-T standard: ETSI EN 302 755
(April 2008)
Pushed by BBC.
Higher data rates, better FEC (similar to DVB-S2),
better mobile reception capability.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 8
DVB-T2 Overview
Multiple MPEG-2 transport stream inputs or
multiple generic stream inputs
Same FEC as DVB-S2 (BCH+LDPC)
COFDM (1K, 2K, 4K, 8K, 16K and 32K mode)
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM
Bandwidth 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 1.7 MHz
Q-delayed and rotated constellation diagrams
PLP = physical layer pipes / time slicing
Flexible pilot structure (8 pilot pattern)
Time interleaving
MISO and SISO mode
PAPR = peak average power reduction
Future extension frames
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 9
From DVB-T to DVB-T2
From DVB-T to DVB-T2
Data rates and required C/N
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 10
Shannons Law
C[bit/s/Hz]
Channel Capacity
C B log 2 (1
C[bit/s]=Channel Capacity
B[Hz]=Channel Bandwidth
S/N=Signal to Noise Ratio
S
);
N
S/N>>1:
1
C B SNR;
3
S
SNR[dB] 10 log( );
N
Claude Elwood Shannon, USA 1948
The Bell System Technical Journal
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 11
SNR[dB]
DVB-T2 more Capacity
Shannon limit channel capacity
C~=1/3 * SNR * B;
B = 6/7/8MHz
Fixed antenna reception
SNR = 20 30 dB
Portable indoor reception
SNR = 10 20 dB
using 8 MHz bandwidth:
10 dB 26.7 Mbit/s
Theoretical
15 dB 40 Mbit/s
max. data rates
20 dB 53.3 Mbit/s
30 dB 80 Mbit/s
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 12
DVB-T Datarates (8 MHz)
Modulation
QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
Code rate
Guard 1/4
Guard 1/8
Guard 1/16
Guard 1/32
Mbit/s
Mbit/s
Mbit/s
Mbit/s
1/2
4.976471
5.529412
5.854671
6.032086
2/3
6.635294
7.372549
7.806228
8.042781
3/4
7.464706
8.294118
8.782007
9.048128
5/6
8.294118
9.215686
9.757785
10.05348
7/8
8.708824
9.676471
10.24567
10.55617
1/2
9.952941
11.05882
11.70934
12.06417
2/3
13.27059
14.74510
15.61246
16.08556
3/4
14.92941
16.58824
17.56401
18.09626
5/6
16.58824
18.43137
19.51557
20.10695
7/8
17.41765
19.35294
20.49135
21.11230
1/2
14.92941
16.58824
17.56401
18.0926
2/3
19.90588
22.11765
23.41869
24.12834
3/4
22.39412
24.88235
26.34602
27.14439
5/6
24.88235
27.64706
29.27336
30.16043
7/8
26.12647
29.02941
30.73702
31.66845
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 13
Portable
indoor
Fixed
antenna
outdoor
DVB-T and DVB-T2
DVB-T, Germany portable indoor: 13.27 Mbit/s
DVB-T, fixed antenna: 22.39 Mbit/s
DVB-T2: 30 50 % more data rate:
an coarse estimation
17 20 Mbit/s portable indoor
29 33 Mbit/s fixed antenna
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 14
Example: DVB-T2 Capacity
Modulation
Coderate
Bitrate [Mbit/s]
Frame length
[symbols]
FEC blocks per frame
QPSK
1/2
7.44
60
50
QPSK
3/5
8.94
60
50
QPSK
2/3
9.95
60
50
QPSK
3/4
11.20
60
50
QPSK
4/5
11.95
60
50
QPSK
5/6
12.46
60
50
16QAM
1/2
15.04
60
101
16QAM
3/5
18.07
60
101
16QAM
2/3
20.11
60
101
16QAM
3/4
22.62
60
101
16QAM
4/5
24.14
60
101
16QAM
5/6
25.16
60
101
64QAM
1/2
22.48
60
151
64QAM
3/5
27.02
60
151
64QAM
2/3
30.06
60
151
64QAM
3/4
33.82
60
151
64QAM
4/5
36.09
60
151
64QAM
5/6
37.62
60
151
256QAM
1/2
30.08
60
202
256QAM
3/5
36.14
60
202
256QAM
2/3
40.21
60
202
256QAM
3/4
45.24
60
202
256QAM
4/5
48.27
60
202
256QAM
5/6
50.32
60
202
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 15
8 MHz
channel,
32K mode,
g=1/128,
PP7
Source:
DVB-T2
Implementation
Guidelines
A133
February 2009
Fall-off-the-Cliff
A digital TV transmission runs til fall-off-the-cliff, that
means go or no-go.
no-go
go
All interferences causes
more or less bit errors.
If the bit error ratio is too
high, then the FEC in the
receiver will fail. That
means no-go or fall-off-the-cliff
if there are to many bit errors.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 16
C/N Limits @ DVB-T
Typ of modulation Code rate
1/2
2/3
3/4
5/6
7/8
Gaussian channel
[dB]
3.1
4.9
5.9
6.9
7.7
Rice channel
[dB]
3.6
5.7
6.8
8.0
8.7
Rayleigh channel
[dB]
5.4
8.4
10.7
13.1
16.3
16-QAM
1/2
2/3
3/4
5/6
7/8
8.8
11.1
12.5
13.5
13.9
9.6
11.6
13.0
14.4
15.0
11.2
14.2
16.7
19.3
22.8
64-QAM
1/2
2/3
3/4
5/6
7/8
14.4
16.5
18.0
19.3
20.1
14.7
17.1
18.6
20.0
21.0
16.0
19.3
21.7
25.3
27.9
QPSK
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 17
portable
indoor
fixed
C/N Limits @DVB-T2 @ BER=10-4 after LDPC
Modulation
Coderate
C/N Gaussian
Channel
[dB]
C/N Ricean Channel
[dB]
C/N Rayleigh Channel
[dB]
C/N 0dB Echo
Channel @ 90% GI
[dB]
QPSK
1/2
0.8
1.0
1.8
1.5
3/5
2.1
2.4
3.4
3.0
2/3
2.9
3.3
4.6
4.2
3/4
3.9
4.3
5.9
5.5
4/5
4.5
5.0
6.8
6.4
5/6
5.0
5.6
7.2
7.2
1/2
5.7
6.1
7.3
7.0
3/5
7.4
7.7
9.1
8.8
2/3
8.6
8.9
10.5
10.2
3/4
9.8
10.3
12.2
11.9
4/5
10.6
11.1
13.4
13.2
5/6
11.2
11.8
14.4
14.2
1/2
9.6
10.0
11.7
11.5
3/5
11.7
12.1
13.8
13.6
2/3
13.2
13.6
15.4
15.1
3/4
14.9
15.3
17.5
17.3
4/5
15.9
16.4
19.0
18.9
5/6
16.6
17.2
19.9
20.1
1/2
12.8
13.3
15.4
15.3
3/5
15.6
16.0
18.1
18.2
2/3
17.5
17.8
20.0
20.0
3/4
19.7
20.2
22.5
22.5
4/5
21.1
21.5
24.2
24.4
5/6
21.8
22.3
25.3
25.7
16QAM
64QAM
256QAM
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 18
LDPC
block
length
64800
bits
C/N Limits @DVB-T2 @ BER=10-4 after LDPC
Modulation
Coderate
C/N Gaussian
Channel
[dB]
C/N Ricean Channel
[dB]
C/N Rayleigh Channel
[dB]
C/N 0dB Echo
Channel @ 90% GI
[dB]
QPSK
1/2
0.4
0.7
1.5
1.2
3/5
2.2
2.4
3.5
3.2
2/3
3.1
3.4
4.7
4.4
3/4
4.0
4.5
6.0
5.7
4/5
4.6
5.1
6.9
6.5
5/6
5.1
5.7
7.8
7.4
1/2
5.2
5.5
6.6
6.3
3/5
7.5
7.9
9.3
9.0
2/3
8.8
9.1
10.7
10.4
3/4
10.0
10.5
12.4
12.1
4/5
10.8
11.3
13.6
13.3
5/6
11.4
12.0
14.6
14.4
1/2
8.7
9.1
10.7
10.5
3/5
12.0
12.4
14.2
14.0
2/3
13.4
13.8
15.7
15.5
3/4
15.2
15.6
17.8
17.6
4/5
16.1
16.6
19.1
18.9
5/6
16.8
17.4
20.3
20.3
1/2
12.1
12.4
14.4
14.3
3/5
16.5
16.9
18.8
18.8
2/3
17.7
18.1
20.3
20.3
3/4
19.9
20.4
22.6
22.7
4/5
21.2
21.7
24.2
24.3
5/6
22.0
22.5
25.6
25.9
16QAM
64QAM
256QAM
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 19
LDPC
block
length
16200
bits
BER after LDPC and after BCH
BER = 10-4 after LDPC
corresponds to a BER = 10-7 after BCH
BER = 10-7 after LDPC
corresponds to a BER = 10-11 after BCH
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 20
Block Diagram of a DVB-T2 Modulator
Multiple
TS or GS
streams
Input
preprocessor(s)
Input
processing
Bit interleaved
coding &
modulation
Up to 255 input streams
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 21
Frame
builder
COFDM
generation
Stream Adaptation, DVB-T2 Input Mode B
Frame m
PLP0
Frame m-1
Frame
delay
In-band
signalling/
padding
BB
scrambler
In-band
signalling/
padding
BB
scrambler
PLPn
Frame
delay
L1 dynPLP1(m)
Frame
delay
L1 dynPLPn(m)
L1 dynPLP0-n(m)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 22
..
..
PLP1
Scheduler
L1 dynPLP0(m)
In-band
signalling/
padding
BB
scrambler
Dynamic
scheduling
information
To
BICM
module
DVB-T2: Mode A and Mode B
Mode A:
Single PLP (Physical Layer Pipe)
Only one input stream (MPEG-2 TS or generic)
One or several services in the input stream
Simple structure similar to DVB-T
Equal error protection
Mode B:
Multiple PLP
Several input streams (MPEG-2 TS or generic)
One or several services in each input stream
Complex structure
Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 23
T2-MI Modulator Interface
T2
gateway
PLP0
Frame m
Frame
delay
Padding
Modulator
Frame m-1
In-band
signalling/
padding
BB
scrambler
In-band
signalling/
padding
BB
scrambler
PLPn
Frame
delay
Padding
L1 dynPLP1(m)
Frame
delay
Padding
L1 dynPLPn(m)
L1 dynPLP0-n(m)
T2-MI
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 24
..
..
PLP1
Scheduler
L1 dynPLP0(m)
In-band
signalling/
padding
BB
scrambler
Dynamic
scheduling
information
To
BICM
module
T2-MI Packet Structure
48 bits
Payload length bits
T2-MI
header
Pad
Payload
07 bits
Packet
type
Packet
count
Superframe
Reserved
index
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 25
Payload
length
CRC32
32 bits
T2-MI Packet Type
T2-MI packet type
Description
0x00
Baseband frame
0x01
Auxilliary stream I/Q data
0x10
L1 current
0x11
L1 future
0x20
DVB-T2 timestamp
0x21
Individual addressing
0x30
FEF part: Null
0x31
FEF part: I/Q data
All other values
Reserved for future use
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 26
DVB-T2 Modulator Interface
L1, SFN info,
Aux Data
(BB frames) Streams
MPEG-2 TS/GSE
TS data
ETSI TS 102 773
T2-MI packets
DVB Data Piping
DVB/MPEG-2 TS
T2-MI
Modulator Interface
RTP
DVB-IP Phase 1
(MPEG TS over IP)
UDP
IP
Ethernet
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 27
ASI
Data Piping: T2-MI in MPEG-2 TS
T2-MI packet
Payload
T2-MI packet
Payload
Pointer
Payload unit start indicator = 1
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 28
Payload
DVB-T2 Network Structure (SFN)
In 0
In 1
In n
DVB-T2
Gateway
DVB-T2
mod.&Tx
RF
DVB-T2
mod.&Tx
RF
DVB-T2
mod.&Tx
RF
T2-MI
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 29
DVB-T2 Block Diagram
DVB-T2 Block Diagram
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 30
PLP n
Time
interleaver
Cell
builder
Mapper
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Pilot
insert.
IFFT
PAPR
red.
Guard
interv.
insert.
P1
symbol
Insert.
Pilot
insert.
IFFT
PAPR
red.
Guard
interv.
insert.
P1
symbol
Insert.
FEC
FEC
MISO
proc.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 31
Frequency
interleaver
Cell
interleaver
Frame
builder
Mapper
......
Cell
builder
......
PLP 0
Mode/stream adaptation
DVB-T2 Block Diagram
Tx1
To
transmitters
Tx2
(optional)
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Cell
builder
Mapper
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Pilot
insert.
IFFT
PAPR
red.
Guard
interv.
insert.
P1
symbol
Insert.
Pilot
insert.
IFFT
PAPR
red.
Guard
interv.
insert.
P1
symbol
Insert.
FEC
FEC
Frame
builder
Mapper
......
Cell
builder
......
Stream adaptation part 2
PLP n
T2-MI
Mode/stream adaptation
PLP 0
Frequency
interleaver
DVB-T2 Block Diagram (Gateway + Modulator)
T2 gateway
MISO
proc.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 32
Tx1
To
transmitters
Tx2
(optional)
Comparison: DVB-T Modulator & Transmitter (1)
TS2
FEC LP
FEC HP
(Option)
Demux
TS1
Bit
Interleaver
FIR
Filter
PreCorr.
Symbol
Interleaver
Mapper
O(rthogonal) F(requency) D(ivision) M(ultiplex)
C(oded)
IF
RF
Frame
Adapt.
(2, 4, 6)
Pilots, TPS
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 33
Power
Ampl.
BandPass
Filter
IFFT
Guard
Interv.
Insert.
Comparison: DVB-T Modulator & Transmitter (2)
FEC1/
Outer
Coder
Inv. Sync.
TS In Baseband
Interf.
Sync
Invers.
ReedSolom.
Enc.
Energy
Disp.
x (1.5-Code Rate)
FEC2/
Inner
Coder
Conv.
Interleaver
Synchronization
same as DVB-C
same as DVB-S
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 34
x2
Conv.
Coder
= Date Rate Out
[2.17...(1.63)...1.36]
Puncturing
x 204/188
Data Rate In
Coded
Data
Out
Code Rate
1/2...(3/4)...7/8
DVB-T2 Forward Error Correction
DVB-T2 Forward Error Correction
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 35
Forward Error Correction @ DVB-T2
Baseband
scrambler
BCH
encoder
LDPC
encoder
BCH=Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem
LDPC=Low Density Parity Check Code
Same FEC as in DVB-S2
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 36
Bit
interleaver
FEC Frame
80 bits
Baseband
header
Data from MPEG-2 TS or generic data
Data field
tBCH=8,10,12
DFL
Padding
kBCH
Outer FEC: BCH coding
16*tBCH bits
BCH
kLDPC = code rate * FEC frame
Inner FEC: LDPC coding
Code
rate
LDPC
64800 or 16200 bits FEC frame
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 37
Coderates
Coderate
1/2
3/5
2/3
3/4
Data rates from
7.49 Mbit/s (QPSK, CR=1/2)
up to
50.32 Mbit/s (256QAM, CR=5/6)
4/5
5/6
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 38
DVB-T2 Modulation Pattern
DVB-T2 Modulation Pattern
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 39
Definition of a Cell
A cell is a mapped IQ value
n=2, 4, 6, 8
n bits
Mapping
I
2n = N constellation points
Cell
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 40
N=4, 16, 64, 256
Modulation Pattern
QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
256QAM
Gray coded constellation diagrams
(QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM indentical to DVB-T)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 41
Rotated and Q-delayed Constellation Diagram
Q
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 42
Rotated Constellation Diagram
Rotation of constellation diagram gives different
projection points on I and Q axis for each constellation
point instead of same projection point in case of
non-rotated diagram.
This can be used for soft-decision.
Ration angle for each modulation type:
Mod.
QPSK
(degrees) 29.0
16QAM
64QAM
256QAM
16.8
8.6
atan(1/16)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 43
Non-rotated Constellation Diagram
Q
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 44
Rotated Constellation Diagram
Q
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 45
Rotated Q-delayed Constellation Diagram
n=2, 4, 6, 8
n bits
Mapping
I
2n = N constellation points
Cell
from
k-1
Rotation
I
Q
Cellk
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 46
N=4, 16, 64, 256
Q-delay
Cellk+1
Q-delayed Constellation Diagrams
Cell 4
I4
Q3
Cell 5
I5
Q4
Cell 6
I4
Q5
Cell 7
I4
Afterwards there is the cell interleaving.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 47
Q6
Rotated Q-delayed Constellation Diagram
Advantage:
Information of each constellation point is now both
on I and Q axis.
Q part is delayed on another cell.
Cells will be interleaved and the I part cariing cell is
during the transmission far away from the Q part carriing
cell.
Frequency selective interferences can be better
compensated.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 48
DVB-T2 COFDM Parameters
DVB-T2 COFDM Parameters
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 49
COFDM Subcarriers
f
f
Channel bandwidth
10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 1.7 MHz
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 50
COFDM Symbols with Guard Interval
Symbol n
Symbol n+1
Guard interval
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 51
DVB-T2 COFDM Parameters
in 8 MHz channel bandwidth
FFT
size
Symbol
duration
[ms]
Carrier
Spacing
[kHz]
32K
3.584
0.279
16K
1.792
0.558
8K
0.896
1.116
4K
0.448
2.232
2K
0.224
4.464
1K
0.112
8.929
8K, 16K and 32K mode: normal or extended carrier mode
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 52
OFDM Spectrum
f
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 53
Spectrum in 1K and 32K Mode
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 54
Influence of No. of OFDM Carriers
Each carrier is a sin(x)/x function.
The shoulders are an overlay of all sin(x)/x functions of
all carriers out of band.
The shoulder is more and more suppressed the more
OFDM carriers are in use.
1K, 2K, 4K, 8K, 16K, 32K mode
Higher shoulder
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 55
Lower shoulder
Extended Carrier Mode
In 8K, 16K and 32K mode a wider spectrum
can be used because of the lower shoulder.
This is called extended carrier mode.
The data rate in extended carrier mode is
higher than in normal carrier mode.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 56
32K Mode and 32K Extended Carrier Mode
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 57
32K Mode and 32K Extended Carrier Mode
256QAM
CR=3/5
PP7
32K:
35.246Mbit/s
32K extended:
36.140 Mbit/s
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 58
32K extended and non-critical Mask Filter
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 59
DVB-T2 COFDM Parameters
Guard interval sizes
FFT
size
Symbol
duration
[ms] in
8 MHz
g=
1/128
g=
1/32
g=
1/16
g=
19/256
g=
1/8
g=
19/128
g=
1/4
32K
3.584
--
16K
1.792
8K
0.896
4K
0.448
--
--
--
2K
0.224
--
--
--
1K
0.112
--
--
--
--
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 60
DVB-T2 Spectrum
IFFT
bandwidth
Channel
bandwidth
Center carrier
Signal
bandwidth
Carrier # 0
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 61
Carrier # n
OFDM Parameters in a 8 MHz Channel
Parameter
1K mode
2K mode
4K mode
8K mode
16K mode
32K mode
No. of carriers in
normal mode
853
1705
3409
6817
13633
27265
No. of carriers in
extended carrier mode
NA
NA
NA
6913
13921
27841
Additional carriers in
extended carrier mode
96
288
596
IFFT
1024
2048
4096
8192
16384
32768
Symbol duration [us]
112
224
448
896
1792
3584
Carrier spacing [kHz]
8.929
4.464
2.232
1.116
0.558
0.279
Signal bandwidth in
normal mode [MHz]
7.61
7.61
7.61
7.61
7.61
7.61
Signal bandwidth in
extended carrier mode
[MHz]
NA
NA
NA
7.71
7.77
7.77
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 62
Channel Bandwidth
Bandwidth [MHz]
1.7
10
Elementary period [us] 71/131
7/40
7/48
1/8
7/64
7/80
Signal bandwidth in
normal carrier mode
[MHz]
4.76
5.71
6.66
7.61
9.51
1.54
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 63
Frame Builder
Frame Builder
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 64
T2 Frame Structure
T2 frame
P1
P2
Payload symbols PLPx
P2 symbols containing signalling data
P1 symbol for synchronization and frame detection
from each input there is one PLP = Physical
Layer Pipe, which can be differently modulated
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 65
T2 Frame Structure
T2 frame
P1
P2
PLP0 PLP1
Payload symbols PLPx
P2 symbols containing signalling data
P1 symbol for synchronization and frame detection
From each input there is one PLP = Physical
Layer Pipe, which can be modulated using
different modulation parameters.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 66
P1 Symbol
P1 = preamble symbol 1
Initial signal for T2 frame detection
Signalling of basic transmission parameters
Frequency and time synchronization
1K symbol with two guard-like portions before and
after the symbol
Good, double correlation, quick detection of P1-symbol
Carriers are DBPSK modulated (differential in
frequency (carrier) direction)
524
samples
Guard
+f
P1
1024
samples
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 67
Guard
+f
482
samples
P1 Symbol
7 bits signalling:
SISO/MISO/future use
FFT size + partial guard interval information
Use of FEF = Future Extension Frames
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 68
P2 Symbol
Contains L1 (layer 1) signalling (physical transmission
parameters of Physical Layer Pipes = PLP)
There is not only one P2 symbol; the no. of P2 symbols
depends on the FFT mode (1 16 P2 symbols).
A P2 symbol consists of a L1 pre-signalling and a
L2 post signalling part.
P2
L1 presignalling
L1 postsignalling
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 69
P2
L1 Signalling inside P2 Symbol
Part 1 (const. length)
Part 2 (var. length):
L1 pre-signalling:
L1 post-signalling:
Guard interval
Pilot pattern
Cell ID
Network ID
PAPR use
Number of data symbols
L1 post signalling parameters
(FEC and mod. of L1 post)
Number of PLPs
RF frequencies
PLP IDs
PLP signalling parameter
(FEC and mod. of PLP)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 70
FEC and Modulation of P2 Symbols
P2
L1 presignalling
L1 postsignalling
P2 pre-signalling part:
Mod: BPSK
P2
P2 post-signalling part:
Mod.: BPSK, QPSK,
16QAM, 64QAM
FEC: BCH + 16K LDPC
LDPC-CR = , if BPSK
FEC: BCH + 16K LDPC
LDPC-CR = if QPSK,
LDPC-CR=1/4
16QAM, 64QAM
(P2 symbols also contain some PLP data cells)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 71
No. of P2 Symbols
The capacity of a P2 symbol depends on FFT size, that is the
reason why the no. of P2 symbols depends on FFT size:
FFT size
No. of P2
symbols
1K
16
2K
4K
8K
16K
32K
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 72
Variable Coding and Modulation
Radio1
HDTV2
SDTV1
HDTV1
Data
rate
Time
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 73
DVB-T2 Frame Structure
TSF
Super Frame
Super Frame
Super Frame
TF
T2-frame 0
P1
P2
0
TP1
TS
T2-frame 1
T2-frame 2
Data Data
P2
NP2-1 symb. symb.
0
1
FEF
Data
symb.
Ldata-1
TS
FEF = Future Extension Frame
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 74
T2-frame N
T2-1
FEF
T2 Frame Structure
T2 frame
P1
P2
Common
PLPs
Data PLPs
type 1
Data PLPs
type 2
Auxillary
data
Dummy
cells
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 75
Maximum DVB-T2 Frame Length
Max. DVB-T2 frame length = 250 ms
FFT
size
Symbol
duration
[us]
g=
1/128
g=
1/32
g=
1/16
g=
19/256
g=
1/8
g=
19/128
g=
1/4
32K
3584
68
66
64
64
60
60
NA
16K
1792
138
135
131
129
123
121
111
8K
896
276
270
262
259
247
242
223
4K
448
NA
540
524
NA
495
NA
446
2K
224
NA
1081
1049
NA
991
NA
892
1K
112
NA
NA
2098
NA
1982
NA
1784
Max. frame length in no. of OFDM symbols
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 76
Maximum Length of a Super Frame
Max. length of a super frame:
No FEFs in use: 64 s or 255 frames of 250 ms
FEFs in use: 128 s
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 77
Interleaving in DVB-T2
Interleaving in DVB-T2
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 78
Interleaving in DVB-T2
DVB-T2 uses 4 different interleavers:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Bit interleaver after FEC based on a LDPC word
Cell interleaver after mapping based on a FEC frame
Time interleaver after cell interleaver based on a TI frame
Frequency interleaver before IFFT based on a symbol
1) and 3) are block interleavers
2) and 4) are pseudo random permutation interleavers
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 79
Interleaver in DVB-T2
PLP0
Bit
interleaver
Mapping
Time
interleaver
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Q
I
PLP1
FEC
Cell
interleaver
Bit
interleaver
Mapping
Q
PLPn
FEC
I
Bit
interleaver
Mapping
Frame builder
FEC
Q
Frequency
interleaver
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 80
IFFT
Task of Interleavers in DVB-T2
1) Bit interleaver interleaves code bits in a LDPC word
2) Cell interleaver interleaves mapped IQ values in a FEC frame
3) Time interleaver is a protection against long impulsive interferers
4) Frequency interleaver is a protection against frequency
selective interferers (e.g. notches)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 81
Comparison with DVB-T
DVB-T:
1) Convolutional interleaving between FEC1 and FEC2
2) Bit and symbol interleaving before mapping (=
frequency interleaver)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 82
DVB-T2 Time Interleaver
DVB-T2 timer interleaver
-DVB-T2 time interleaver is a block interleaver.
-Operates on PLP level.
-A integer no. of FEC blocks from the cell interleaver
is grouped into interleaving frames.
-No. of FEC blocks per interleaving frame: 0 1023
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 83
DVB-T2 Time Interleaver
FEC blocks
of one PLP
TI block
Time
interleaver
Interleaving frame
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 84
Configuration Parameters of Time Interleaver
TI configuration parameters:
TIME_IL_TYPE (1 bit) 0 or 1
TIME_IL_LENGTH (8 bit) in blocks per interleaving frame
FRAME_INTERVAL (8 bit) in frames
PLP_NUM_BLOCKS_MAX (10 bit) 0 1023
The TI configuration parameters are signalled in
the L1-post signalling part of P2 symbols.
They are independent for each PLP.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 85
Time Interleaver Configuration
1) 1 TI block in 1 interleaving frame mapped in 1 T2 frame
(TIME_IL_TYPE = 0, TIME_IL_LENGTH = 1)
2) 1 TI block in 1 interleaving frame mapped in more than
one T2 frame with at distance of n frames
(TIME_IL_TYPE = 1, FRAME_INTERVAL = n)
3) m TI blocks in 1 interleaving frame mapped in 1 T2 frame
(TIME_IL_TYPE = 0, TIME_IL_LENGTH = m)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 86
Time Interleaver Configuration (1)
TIME_IL_TYPE = 0
k FEC blocks
TI block
TI block
Interleaving
frame
Interleaving
frame
Interleaving
frame
T2 frame
T2 frame
TI block
0 < k < PLP_NUM_BLOCKS_MAX
k is a varying number
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 87
T2 frame
Application:
mode A
medium
data rate
or
mode B
high data
rate
Time Interleaver Configuration (2)
TIME_IL_TYPE = 1
k FEC blocks
Application:
mode B
low
data rate;
best
interleaving
TI block
Interleaving
frame
T2 frame
T2 frame
FRAME_INTERVAL = 2
0 < k < PLP_NUM_BLOCKS_MAX
k is a varying number
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 88
T2 frame
Time Interleaver Configuration (3)
Application:
mode A single
PLP, BBC mode
or high data
rates in mode B
TI
block 0
TI
2
TI
block 3
TIME_IL_TYPE = 0
TIME_IL_LENGTH = 3
Interleaving
frame
T2 frame
T2 frame
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 89
T2 frame
Sub-Slicing
Sub-Slicing in DVB-T2
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 90
Sub-Slices
Sub-Slicing:
A PLP can be devided into several sub-slices (2 6480).
PLPs containing sub-slices are called Type 2 PLPs.
Less sub-slices
More sub-slices
Less time diversity
More power saving
in Rx possible
More time diversity
Less buffer memory
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 91
Sub-Slicing
Sub-slice
Sub-slice
interval
T2-frame
In sub-slicing mode a PLP is not transmitted
in one portion but in small portions.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 92
Time Frequency Slicing
Time Frequency Slicing (TFS):
DVB-T2 standard also decribes possibily to
distribute PLPs over 2 n RF channels.
2 tuners would be required in the receiver.
NorDig spec for DVB-T2 talks about TFS.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 93
PLP Types
PLP Types
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 94
PLP Types
PLP types:
Common PLP:
PLP having one slice per T2-frame, transmitted just
after L1 signalling, which may contain data shared by
multiple PLPs.
Type 1 PLP:
PLP having one slice per T2-frame,
transmitted before any Type 2 PLP
Type 2 PLP:
PLP having two or more sub-slices per T2-frame,
transmitted after any Type 1 PLP.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 95
T2 Frame Structure
T2 frame
P1
P2
Common
PLPs
data shared by
multiple PLPs
Data PLPs
type 1
one slice per
T2-frame
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 96
Data PLPs
type 2
Auxillary
data
two or more
sub-slices
per T2-frame
Dummy
cells
Pilots
Pilots in DVB-T2
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 97
Pilots in DVB-T2
Purpose of pilots in COFDM:
-Synchronization
-Channel estimation
DVB-T uses 3 types of special carriers:
-Continual pilots
-Scattered pilots
-TPS carriers
DVB-T2:
-Edge pilots
-Continual pilots
-Scattered pilots (DVB-T2 offers 8 different pilot patterns)
-Frame closing pilots
-P2 pilots
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 98
Scattered Pilot Patterns
Pilot pattern
Distance d1
between pilot
carrier positions
(and
distance d2 in one
symbol)
Number of symbols d3
forming one scattered
pilot sequence
PP1
3 (12)
PP2
6 (12)
PP3
6 (24)
PP4
12 (24)
PP5
12 (48)
PP6
24 (48)
PP7
24 (96)
PP8
6 (96)
16
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 99
Pilot Pattern Parameter
Frequency (carrier no.)
d2
0
Time
d3
d1
.
Edge
pilot
d1 = distance between scattered pilot carrier positions
d2 = distance between scattered pilots in one symbol
d3 = symbols forming one scattered pilot sequence
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 100
Scattered Pilot Pattern in SISO Mode
FFT
size
g=
1/128
g=
1/32
g=1/16
g=
19/256
g=
1/8
g=
19/128
g=
1/4
32K
PP7
PP4
PP6
PP2
PP8
PP4
PP2
PP8
PP4
PP2
PP8
PP2
PP8
NA
16K
PP7
PP7
PP4
PP6
PP2
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP2
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP2
PP3
PP8
PP2
PP3
PP8
PP1
PP8
8K
PP7
PP7
PP4
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP2
PP3
PP8
PP2
PP3
PP8
PP1
PP8
4K, 2K
NA
PP7
PP4
PP4
PP5
NA
PP2
PP3
NA
PP1
1K
NA
NA
PP4
PP5
NA
PP2
PP3
NA
PP1
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 101
Scattered Pilot Pattern in MISO Mode
FFT
size
g=
1/128
g=
1/32
g=1/16
g=
19/256
g=
1/8
g=
19/128
g=
1/4
32K
PP8
PP4
PP6
PP8
PP4
PP2
PP8
PP2
PP8
NA
NA
NA
16K
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP3
PP8
PP3
PP8
PP1
PP8
PP1
PP8
NA
8K
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP3
PP8
PP3
PP8
PP1
PP8
PP1
PP8
NA
4K, 2K
NA
PP4
PP5
PP3
NA
PP1
NA
NA
1K
NA
NA
PP3
NA
PP1
NA
NA
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 102
Amplitudes of the Scattered Pilots
Scattered pilot pattern
Amplitude
Equivalent boost [dB]
PP1, PP2
4/3
2.5
PP3, PP4
7/4
4.9
PP5, PP6, PP7, PP8
7/3
7.4
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 103
PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) Reduction
PAPR
Reduction
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 104
Crest Factor
Cf = 20 * log(upeak/Urms);
CfOFDM = 10 * log(2 * N);
Theoretical crest factor of DVB-T: 36...41 dB
Practical values: approx. 15 dB (no clipping)
approx. 11...13 dB (clipping inside power Tx)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 105
Efficiency of a Class AB Amplifier (typical)
Drain Efficiency %
35
Drain Efficiency %
30
25
20
Drain Efficiency %
15
10
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
Pout in W
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 106
60
70
80
PAPR
Peak to Average Power Reduction
ACE
Active Constellation
Extension
TR
Tone Reservation
Modification
of constellation
Using addional
reserved carriers
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 107
PAPR ACM Active Constellation Extension
ACM: outer constellation points can be shifted outward
without increasing the BER in order to decrease the crest factor.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 108
PAPR TR Ton Reservation
Reserved tones (carriers) can be switched on or of
and can be modified in amplitude and phase
to decrease the crest factor.
If TR is in use than the net data rate is reduced by
0.4 0.8 Mbit/s up to some Mbit/s, depending on
the transmission parameters (IFFT mode, guard, CR).
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 109
PAPR
Source:
ETSI EN 302 755
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 110
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Cell
builder
Mapper
Cell
interleaver
Time
interleaver
Pilot
insert.
IFFT
PAPR
red.
Guard
interv.
insert.
P1
symbol
Insert.
Pilot
insert.
IFFT
PAPR
red.
Guard
interv.
insert.
P1
symbol
Insert.
FEC
FEC
Frame
builder
Mapper
......
Cell
builder
......
Stream adaptation part 2
PLP n
T2-MI
Mode/stream adaptation
PLP 0
Frequency
interleaver
DVB-T2 Block Diagram
T2 gateway
MISO
proc.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 111
Tx1
To
transmitters
Tx2
(optional)
SISO / MISO
SISO / MISO
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 112
SISO and MISO
DVB-T2 allows
SISO = Single Input Single Output
and
MISO = Multiple Input Single Output
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 113
SISO Principle
Data
Tx
Rx
Data
SISO = single input, single output
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 114
Diversity Receiver: SIMO
Data
Tx1
Rx
SIMO = single input, multiple output
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 115
Data
MISO Principle
Tx1
Rx
Data
Data
Tx2
MISO = multiple input single output
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 116
MIMO Principle
Tx1
Data
Rx
Data
Tx2
MIMO = multiple input multiple output
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 117
MISO: Space-Time Transmit Diversity
2 transmission antennas = space diversity
Conjugate symbols are repeated = time diversity
S/N improvement in fading environment
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 118
Alamouti
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 119
MISO Principle
S1
S1
-S2*
S2
S1*
-S2*
S3
-S4*
Tx1
Path 1
S1
S2
-()*
Alamouti Matrix
-S2*
S1*
Symbol
Data
FEC
Mapper
Sn
Sn+1
Data
Rx
Path 2
()*=conjugate complex
Tx2
()*
Symbol
S2
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 120
S1*
S4
S3*
MISO Receiver
r1 r2
S1
S2
-S2*
S1*
channel
estimation
Rx
r1
r2
combiner
max. likelihood
detector
data
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 121
MISO: Symbol Combining Rule in the Receiver
time
t1
t2
path1
S1
-S2*
path2
S2
S1*
received symbols:
r1=s1+s2
r2=-s2*+s1*
Alamouti Matrix
Combining rule in the receiver:
s1~=r1+r2*=(s1+s2)+(-s2*+s1*)*=s1+s1=2s1;
s2~=r1-r2*=(s1+s2)-(-s2*+s1*)*=s2+s2=2s2;
()*=conjugate complex
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 122
MISO: modified: DVB-T2
C1
S1
S2
S2*
-S1*
C2
C3
C4
Tx1
1
C1 C2
C2* -C1*
Modified Alamouti Matrix
Cell
Data
FEC
Mapper
Cn
Cn+1
Data
Rx
()*
-()*
Tx2
Symbol
C2* -C1* C4* -C3*
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 123
MISO in DVB-T2
but the implementation guidelines
are talking about MISO in frequency direction
how is MISO really be implemented in DVB-T2
Space / frequency diversity
instead of
space / time diversity
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 124
Original Text from the Standard
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 125
SISO / MISO @ DVB-T2
Using only path 1 = SISO
Using both path 1 and path 2 = MISO mode
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 126
MISO @ DVB-T2
Co-located MISO: 2 antennas at the same transmitter
site (horizontal and vertical polarization)
M2
M1
M1
M2
Distributed MISO: antennas in the
different transmitter sites inside a SFN
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 127
DVB-T2 Spectrum
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 128
Fading inbetween two Tx in a SFN
Transmitter 1
Transmitter 2
Result: deep notches
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 129
Fading inbetween two Tx in a SFN using MISO
No correlation
between
signal M1
and M2
Transmitter 1
MISO 1
Distributed
MISO
Transmitter 2
MISO 2
Result: no notches
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 130
Scattered Pilot Pattern in MISO Mode
FFT
size
g=
1/128
g=
1/32
g=1/16
g=
19/256
g=
1/8
g=
19/128
g=
1/4
32K
PP8
PP4
PP6
PP8
PP4
PP2
PP8
PP2
PP8
NA
NA
NA
16K
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP3
PP8
PP3
PP8
PP1
PP8
PP1
PP8
NA
8K
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP8
PP4
PP5
PP3
PP8
PP3
PP8
PP1
PP8
PP1
PP8
NA
4K, 2K
NA
PP4
PP5
PP3
NA
PP1
NA
NA
1K
NA
NA
PP3
NA
PP1
NA
NA
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 131
DVB-T2 Further Features
Auxillary stream insertion
-At the end of a DVB-T2 frame auxillary streams
can be inserted.
-Auxillary streams will be ignored by a DVB-T2
receiver.
-A sequence of cells carrying data of as yet undefined
modulation and coding, which may be used for future
extensions or as required by broadcasters and network
operators.
Future Extension Frames (FEF)
-An open door in the standard for the future
- Data frames for future extensions
- Unknown to a DVB-T2 receiver
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 132
DVB-T2 Further Features
T2-TX-SIG
Draft version for transmitter identification in
a Single Frequency Network using signatures:
-using auxillary streams
-using FEFs
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 133
Measurements in a SFN
Tx3, RF1
Tx1, RF1
Tx5, RF1
Playout
center
MP =
measurement
point
MP
Tx2, RF1
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 134
Tx4, RF1
Impulse Response Measurement in a SFN
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 135
Example: Transmitter Identifaction Information in DAB
A comparison to DAB:
TII = Transmitter Idenfication Information
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 136
DAB Frame with Null Symbols
no TII
TII
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 137
no TII
DAB Spectrum with visible Null Symbol
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 138
DAB Spectrum Zero Span
30 ms / Div
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 139
FFT of a Null Symbol with TII
Signalling of TII Main ID (069) and TII Sub ID (123)
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 140
DVB-T
In DVB-T there is a cell ID, which
identifies a SFN cell.
Transmitter identification is not possible
in DVB-T.
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 141
DVB-T2
3050 % more data rate (LDPC, >8K modes)
more flexibility (PLP, variable coding and mod.)
better mobile reception capability
1MAT-Fi, 13.01.2010 | DVB-T2 | 142
