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Simulation of Dynamic Responses of The First and Second Order Linear Systems

This document describes an experiment that requires students to use LabVIEW to simulate the dynamic responses of first-order and second-order linear systems. Students will create two VIs - one to model a first-order system using iteration based on its derivative equation, and another for a second-order system using its discrete derivative equation. They will vary time constants/damping ratios and save outputs to analyze how the responses relate to these parameters in their lab report. The objectives are to familiarize students with LabVIEW programming elements like loops, graphs, and express VIs for this simulation task.

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84 views5 pages

Simulation of Dynamic Responses of The First and Second Order Linear Systems

This document describes an experiment that requires students to use LabVIEW to simulate the dynamic responses of first-order and second-order linear systems. Students will create two VIs - one to model a first-order system using iteration based on its derivative equation, and another for a second-order system using its discrete derivative equation. They will vary time constants/damping ratios and save outputs to analyze how the responses relate to these parameters in their lab report. The objectives are to familiarize students with LabVIEW programming elements like loops, graphs, and express VIs for this simulation task.

Uploaded by

DIm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simulation of Dynamic Responses of the First

and Second Order Linear Systems


WeiLin
DepartmentofBiomedicalEngineering
StonyBrookUniversity

Instructors Portion
Summary
ThisexperimentrequiresthestudenttouseLabVIEWtosimulatethe
dynamicresponseofthefirstandsecondorderlinearsystems.Students
shouldbefamiliarwiththefollowingLabVIEWprogrammingelements.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

LabVIEWloopstructure
LabVIEWformulanode
LabVIEWgraph
LabVIEWWaveformfunctions
LabVIEWsignalsimulationexpressVI
LabVIEWwriteLabVIEWmeasurementfileexpressVI
LabVIEWConvertfromDynamicDataexpressVI

Uses
Thislectureappliestoallcoursesofvirtualinstrumentation.

Equipment List

Computers

LabVIEW7Express

LabVIEW Users Manual. April 2003

LabVIEW Introduction Course - Six Hours.

References

SubmittinganExperiment

LabVIEW Introduction Course - Three Hours

Students Portion
Introduction
ThestudentsshouldlearnthebasicLabVIEWprogrammingtechniques
throughthisproject.TheywillcreatetwoVIsthatsimulatethedynamic
responsesofthefirstandsecondorderlinearsystems.Theywillbe
familiarwithLabVIEWexecutioncontrols,graphandtheuseofexpress
VIs.

Objectives

Loopexecutioncontrol
LabVIEWformulanode
LabVIEWgraph
LabVIEWWaveformfunctions
LabVIEWexpressVIs

Theory
Thelinearderivativeequationscanbeusedtorepresentthedynamicsof
linearsystem.Thetypicalrepresentationofthefirstordersystemisas
following.
dy (t )
y (t ) x(t )
dt

(1)

y ( n) y ( n 1)
y ( n) x ( n )
t

(2)

Whereisthetimeconstant,x(t)istheinputandy(t)istheoutput.The
discreteformoftheaboveequationisshownbelow.

or
y ( n)

y ( n 1) x( n)

t t

(3)

Equation3istheiterationusedinthesimulationofthedynamicresponse
ofthefirstordersystem.
Thetypicalrepresentationofthesecondordersystemisasfollowing.

SubmittinganExperiment

1 d 2 y (t ) 2 dy (t )

y (t ) x(t )
n dt
n2 dt 2

(4)

Thenistheundampednaturalfrequencyandtheisthedampingratio.

Thediscreteformoftheaboveequationis:
1 y ( n) 2 y (n 1) y ( n 2) 2 y (n) y ( n 1)

y (n) x ( n)
n
t
n2
t 2

(5)
or
y ( n)

1
21 n t y(n 1) y(n 2) n2 t 2 x(n)
t 2 n t 1
2
n

(6)
Equation6istheiterationusedinthesimulationofthedynamicresponse
ofthesecondordersystem.

Lab Procedure
Experiment1,Simulatethedynamicresponseoffirstordersystem
1. LaunchLabVIEW.
2. CreateablankVI.
3. Thefrontpanelshouldhaveatleastannumericcontroltoinputthe
timeconstantandthegraphindicatortoshowtheresult.
4. DroptheSimulatedSignalexpressVIandchoosethesignaltype
assquarewave,frequencyas1Hz,samplefrequencyas1000Hz
andnumberofdatapointsas500.
5. UseConvertfromDynamicDataVItoconvertthedatafromthe
SimulatedSignalexpressVItosinglewaveformdata.
6. Usewaveformfunctiontoextractthewaveformdataandthetime
intervalofthewaveform.
7. UseFORlooptoiteratetheoutputdataofthefirstordersystem.
8. Usetheformulanodetoprogramthealgorithmbasedonequation
3.
9. Usewaveformfunctiontocreatethewaveformdatafromthe
outputdataandthetimeintervaloftheinputwaveform.
10. UseBuildArrayfunctiontocreateanarraythatconsistsofthe
inputandoutputwaveforms.

SubmittinganExperiment

11. Usegraphindicatortoshowtheinputandoutputwaveforms.
12. UseWriteLabVIEWMeasurementFileVItosavethedataina
file.
13. RuntheVIusingthefollowingtimeconstants:0.01,0.03,0.05,
0.07and0.1,andsavetheresultstofiles.

Experiment2,Simulatethedynamicresponseofsecondordersystem
1. LaunchLabVIEW.
2. CreateablankVI.
3. Thefrontpanelshouldhaveattwonumericcontroltoinputthe
undampednaturalfrequencyandthedampingratioandthegraph
indicatortoshowtheresult.
4. DroptheSimulatedSignalexpressVIandchoosethesignaltype
assquarewave,frequencyas0.1Hz,samplefrequencyas1000Hz
andnumberofdatapointsas5000.
5. UseConvertfromDynamicDataVItoconvertthedatafromthe
SimulatedSignalexpressVItosinglewaveformdata.
6. Usewaveformfunctiontoextractthewaveformdataandthetime
intervalofthewaveform.
7. UseFORlooptoiteratetheoutputdataofthesecondordersystem.
8. Usetheformulanodetoprogramthealgorithmbasedonequation
6.
9. Usewaveformfunctiontocreatethewaveformdatafromthe
outputdataandthetimeintervaloftheinputwaveform.
10. UseBuildArrayfunctiontocreateanarraythatconsistsofthe
inputandoutputwaveforms.
11. Usegraphindicatortoshowtheinputandoutputwaveforms.
12. UseWriteLabVIEWMeasurementFileVItosavethedataina
file.
13. RuntheVIusingthe1Hzasundampednaturalfrequencyandthe
followingdampingratio:0.2,0.5,0.7,1,1.5and2,andsavethe
resultstofiles.

Lab Report
Thelabreportshouldcontainthefollowing;
1.
2.
3.
4.

SubmittinganExperiment

Theexperimenttitle
Theexperimentobjective
Derivetheequation3fromequation1,equation6fromequation4
Explainthedynamicresponseofthefirstordersystemusing
experimentdataandhowtheyarerelatedtothetimeconstant.

5. Explainthedynamicresponseofthefirstordersystemusing
experimentdataandhowtheyarerelatedtothedampingratio.
6. TwoVIsfromthetwoexperiments.
Pleasesubmitthereportthroughemail.

SubmittinganExperiment

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