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    Boiler Cleaning Technologies - Water Lance Vs

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    DSG
    Boiler cleaning technologies use various media like steam, air, water or a combination to remove ash and slag deposits. Sootblowers are commonly used for cleaning. Superheated steam is often preferred as a cleaning medium due to its higher cleaning potential. Water lances and water cannons have been developed to clean larger areas of boilers. Water cannons in particular can precisely target areas like division walls and lower slope tubes using concentrated water jets and offer advantages like reduced operating costs and increased cleaning coverage compared to traditional methods.

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    Boiler Cleaning Technologies - Water Lance Vs

    Uploaded by

    DSG
    237 views3 pages
    Boiler cleaning technologies use various media like steam, air, water or a combination to remove ash and slag deposits. Sootblowers are commonly used for cleaning. Superheated steam is often preferred as a cleaning medium due to its higher cleaning potential. Water lances and water cannons have been developed to clean larger areas of boilers. Water cannons in particular can precisely target areas like division walls and lower slope tubes using concentrated water jets and offer advantages like reduced operating costs and increased cleaning coverage compared to traditional methods.

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    Lance tube Vs water cannons

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    Boiler cleaning technologies use various media like steam, air, water or a combination to remove ash and slag deposits. Sootblowers are commonly used for cleaning. Superheated steam is often preferred as a cleaning medium due to its higher cleaning potential. Water lances and water cannons have been developed to clean larger areas of boilers. Water cannons in particular can precisely target areas like division walls and lower slope tubes using concentrated water jets and offer advantages like reduced operating costs and increased cleaning coverage compared to traditional methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    237 views3 pages

    Boiler Cleaning Technologies - Water Lance Vs

    Uploaded by

    DSG
    Boiler cleaning technologies use various media like steam, air, water or a combination to remove ash and slag deposits. Sootblowers are commonly used for cleaning. Superheated steam is often preferred as a cleaning medium due to its higher cleaning potential. Water lances and water cannons have been developed to clean larger areas of boilers. Water cannons in particular can precisely target areas like division walls and lower slope tubes using concentrated water jets and offer advantages like reduced operating costs and increased cleaning coverage compared to traditional methods.

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    Boiler Cleaning Technologies

    Sootblowers are used to clean boiler ash and slag deposits.


    The cleaning media used in sootblowers may be saturated
    steam, superheated steam, compressed air or water. In most
    cases, superheated steam has become the preferred cleaning
    media because it has a greater cleaning potential due partially
    to teh higher sonic velocity through the nozzles and it has less
    erosion than saturated steam. On larger boilers, compressed
    air is oftern used as the cleaning media. Water may also be
    used as a cleaning medium either alone or in combination with
    steam or air. For certain high temperature ranges in which the
    plastic is plastic or where the deposit strongly sinters to the tube
    (when burning some Western low sulfur coals), neither air nor
    steam is effective. In these cases, water is required as a
    cleaning medium to remove the deposit.
    Boiler cleaning technology has developed significantly in the
    last several decades, especially in the furnace cleaning area.
    The traditional method of furnace cleaning is the retractable wall
    blower, a concept which exists in its present form from the
    1940s. This device is inserted into the furnace wall through an
    opening. The blower tube rotates while a jet of steam or air is
    sprayed on the furnace wall to clean off deposits. A blower
    typically can cover an eight to ten foot diameter area, or about
    fifty square feet.Wall blowers are often not adequate for clean
    boilers that are burning PRB, lignite, or other coals that form
    furnace deposits as tests show . Reasons for this are
    suggested to be the impact angle of the cleaning media upon
    the slag as well as the relatively low mass flow of the cleaning
    media.
    Water Lances
    Hence water lances were developed to clean larger areas and
    use a water jet as the cleaning medium. This device is a
    modification of the retractable sootblower. It sprays a jet of
    water back on to the wall it is mounted on in a spiral pattern as it
    is inserted into the furnace.
    Water lances cover about a 20-foot diameter area and clean a
    spiral shaped area where the water impingement area
    traverses the tube water wall. Thus, a 500 Mw size boiler may
    be outfitted with 40 or more in an attempt to keep the furnace
    clean. They have small nozzle area (typically 2/16 with 1/32
    satellite nozzles diameter) and require high purity water. Lances
    can be bent if they are hit by falling slag while inserted into the
    boiler.
    While generally effective on most fuels, water lances have been
    limited by several factors:

    Their relatively high installed cost per unit area cleaned


    (typically in the range of $100 per square foot). As a result
    of this, their implementation is usually piecemeal, only
    addressing a small proportion of the ideal cleaned area.
    Power plant operators had to compromise on less
    devices than would be ideal, and achieve less than
    optimal cleaning capacity, limiting unit performance.
    The low incident angle of impact of the water on the wall,
    , dictates the use of high intensity water jets, as noted by
    the use of very small nozzles. This high velocity is required
    in order to compensate for the shallow impact angle of the
    water on the wall. Typically back rake angles of 15 or 20
    degrees are used on water lances, meaning that the
    water impacts the boiler wall at 75 of 70 degrees,
    respectively, off a normal or direct wall impingement.
    This low angle on incidence is responsible for multiple
    cooling impacts per cleaning cycle.
    The relatively small nozzles used on them (1/8 to 3/16)
    are prone to blockage. The lance then fails, melting or
    deforming in the furnace, due to lack of cooling when
    inserted.
    Water Cannons
    As a major development from water lances originating in the
    1980s, water cannons spray a targeted and precisely controlled
    jet of water from an opening in the furnace wall to the opposite
    wall. Robotic control mechanisms are used to achieve pinpoint
    accuracy in positioning and cleaning. See the image below for
    an illustration of this process.
    In many installations a cannon can clean from the nose arch to
    the bottom slope tubes and from one side to the other. Thus 4
    cannons, one on each wall, can clean an entire furnace. More
    complex geometries, for example wing walls, center division
    walls A concentrated water jet, which is produced by a special
    nozzle, crosses the boiler inside and impacts on the slagged
    wall surface. The cleaning effect is based on the fact that the
    impacting water which penetrates the topmost layer and
    expands into steam. In this way the slag is broken up and
    removed from the surface.
    Water cannons offer a number of advantages over conventional
    wall blowers and water lances. A selection of the most obvious
    are given here:
    The large number of wall blowers and/or water lances
    requires an extraordinarily high maintenance expense.
    The use of steam, air, or high purity water as cleaning
    agents results in high operating costs. Water cannons can

    use service water with a clear reduction in cost.


    The water cannons also allow areas to be cleaned that
    cannot be outfitted with wall blowers and water lances.
    Division walls, nose arches, and lower slope tubes are
    examples of areas routinely cleaned by water cannons.
    Dramatic cleaning area coverage: In a typical furnace the
    area cleaned can often be more than doubled. This
    increase in cleaning has several positive effects:
    Reducing furnace exit gas temperature (FEGT) by
    increasing the amount of heat absorbed in the
    furnace. Hence unit efficiency is improved. Load
    can be increased as FEGT reductions permit an
    increase in coal flow (given adequate materials and
    air handling capacity).
    Improving the distribution of heat transfer throughout
    the furnace. As water lances and wall blowers have
    capability to clean only a small section of the wall,
    the heat transfer must be forced through this small
    area. By being able to clean a larger area, the
    cleaning load for these areas can be reduced and
    more evenly distributed over other, previously
    uncleaned, areas.
    An additional benefit is the reduction in thermal NOx
    production. Reductions of 100 F in FEGT are
    common and NOx reductions of 10% or more have
    been documented.

    Slagging and Fouling


    Factors Influencing Slagging and Fouling
    Boiler Cleaning Technologies
    Mechanism of Water Cleaning
    Mechanism of Thermal Tube Impact

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