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Tutorial Chapter 9

This document contains a tutorial on thermodynamic concepts including: 1. Different types of systems - open, closed, and isolated - are distinguished by whether matter and/or energy can be exchanged. 2. Key thermodynamic terms are defined - standard enthalpy change, exothermic and endothermic processes - with examples given. 3. Using standard enthalpy of formation values, substances are rearranged from most to least stable. 4. Thermochemistry calculations are demonstrated, such as determining heat released from a combustion reaction using calorimetry data.

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Nurul Mawaddah
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91 views

Tutorial Chapter 9

This document contains a tutorial on thermodynamic concepts including: 1. Different types of systems - open, closed, and isolated - are distinguished by whether matter and/or energy can be exchanged. 2. Key thermodynamic terms are defined - standard enthalpy change, exothermic and endothermic processes - with examples given. 3. Using standard enthalpy of formation values, substances are rearranged from most to least stable. 4. Thermochemistry calculations are demonstrated, such as determining heat released from a combustion reaction using calorimetry data.

Uploaded by

Nurul Mawaddah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL CHAPTER 9 (THERMODYNAMIC)

1) Differentiate between open system, close system and isolated system with appropriate
diagram.

2)

The following terms are often used in thermochemistry. Explain each one of them by giving
an appropriate example:
(a) Standard enthalpy change
(b) Exothermic process
(c) Endothermic process

3) Table below shows the standard enthalpy of formation for each subtance. Rearrange the
following subtances from most stable to less stable.

Substance

Enthalpy formation , H (kJ/mol)

O3

142.0

O2

0.0

NH3

-46.3

CO2

-393.5

4) 0.50 g sample of solid magnesium is burned in a constant-volume bomb calorimeter that


has a heat capacity of 3024 J/C. The temperature increases by 5C. Calculate the heat
given off by the burning Mg in kJ/mol. Given the molar mass for Mg is 24.31 g/mol.

5)

Given the reaction:

NO (g) + O2 (g) NO2 (g)


Given the following chemical equations and their respective enthalpy changes:
2NO (g) N2 (g) + O2 (g)

H= 180.74 kJ/mol

NO2 (g) N2 (g) + O2 (g)

H= - 33.8 kJ/mol

a) Calculate the H for this reaction


b) Construct the enthalpy diagram for this reaction

6) Sketch a graph of (PV) against V at constant temperature for an ideal gas where P is the
pressure and V is the volume of the gas.

7) Sketch a graph of P against V for each of the following processes:


a) Isothermal process
b) Isovolumetric process
c) Isobaric process

8) Oxygen gas of mass 6.5 g is filled into a cylinder at a pressure of 2 atm and temperature of
30oC.
a) Determine the initial volume
b) Determine the final pressure of the gas if the gas is being compressed until its volume is
halved and temperature reaches 600oC. You may assume the gas behaves as an ideal
gas.

9) ) Calculate H for the reaction:

C2H4 ( g ) 6F2 ( g ) 2CF4 ( g ) 4HF( g )

Given the following chemical equations and their respective enthalpy changes:
(i) H2 (g ) F2 ( g ) 2HF( g )

H= -537 kJ

(ii) C(s ) 2F2 (g ) CF4 (g )

H= -680 kJ

(iii) 2C( s ) 2H2 ( g ) C 2H4 ( g )

H= +52.3 kJ

10) From the standard enthalpies of formation given, calculate Hrxn for the reaction:

C2H5OH(l ) + 3O2 (g ) 2CO2 (g ) + 3H2O(l )


Additional data:

C2H5OH(l ) ,

Hf = -277.7 kJ/mol

H2 O(l ) ,

Hf = -285.8 kJ/mol

CO 2 (g ) ,

Hf = -393.5 kJ/mol

11) A quantity of 1.922 g of methanol (CH3OH) was burned in a constant-volume bomb


calorimeter. Consequently, the temperature of the water rose by 4.20oC. If the quantity of
water surrounding the calorimeter was exactly 2000g and the heat capacity of the
calorimeter was 2.02 kJ0C-1, calculate the molar heat of combustion of methanol
[The specific heat of water is 4.184 J g-1 oC-1].

12) When 200 mL of 1.00 M NaOH was mixed with 150 mL of 1.00 M HCl in a styrofoam coffee
cup calorimeter, the temperature rose from 25.00oC to 30.00oC. Calculate the heat of
neutralisation. Assume that the specific heat of solution is 4.184 J g-1 oC-1and density of
solution is 1 g/ml.

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