Advantage of JSP Over Servlet

JSP
JSP technology is used to create web application just like Servlet technology. It can be thought of as an
extension to servlet because it provides more functionality than servlet such as expression language, jstl
etc.
A JSP page consists of HTML tags and JSP tags. The jsp pages are easier to maintain than servlet because
we can separate designing and development. It provides some additional features such as Expression
Language, Custom Tag etc.
Advantage of JSP over Servlet
There are many advantages of JSP over servlet. They are as follows:
1) Extension to Servlet
JSP technology is the extension to servlet technology. We can use all the features of servlet in JSP. In addition
to, we can use implicit objects, predefined tags, expression language and Custom tags in JSP, that makes JSP
development easy.
2) Easy to maintain
JSP can be easily managed because we can easily separate our business logic with presentation logic. In servlet
technology, we mix our business logic with the presentation logic.
3) Fast Development: No need to recompile and redeploy
If JSP page is modified, we don't need to recompile and redeploy the project. The servlet code needs to be
updated and recompiled if we have to change the look and feel of the application.
4) Less code than Servlet
In JSP, we can use a lot of tags such as action tags, jstl, custom tags etc. that reduces the code. Moreover, we
can use EL, implicit objects etc.
Life cycle of a JSP Page
The JSP pages follows these phases:
Translation of JSP Page
Compilation of JSP Page
Classloading (class file is loaded by the classloader)
Instantiation (Object of the Generated Servlet is created).
Initialization ( jspInit() method is invoked by the container).
Reqeust processing ( _jspService() method is invoked by the container).
Destroy ( jspDestroy() method is invoked by the container).
Note: jspInit(), _jspService() and jspDestroy() are the life cycle methods of JSP.
As depicted in the above diagram, JSP page is translated into servlet by the help of JSP translator. The JSP
translator is a part of webserver that is responsible to translate the JSP page into servlet. Afterthat Servlet page is
compiled by the compiler and gets converted into the class file. Moreover, all the processes that happens in
servlet is performed on JSP later like initialization, committing response to the browser and destroy.
What is JavaServer Pages?

JavaServer Pages (JSP) could be a technology for developing web content that support dynamic content that
helps developers insert java code in HTML pages by creating use of special JSP tags, most of that begin with <
% and finish with %>. A JavaServer Pages element could be a form of Java servlet thats designed to satisfy
the role of a program for a Java internet application. internet developers write JSPs as text files that mix HTML or
XHTML code, XML parts, and embedded JSP actions and commands. Using JSP, youll be able to collect input
from users through online page forms, gift records from a information or another supply, and build web content
dynamically. JSP tags are often used for a range of functions, like retrieving data from a information or
registering user preferences, accessing JavaBeans parts, passing management between pages and sharing data
between requests, pages etc.
Why Use JSP?
JavaServer Pages usually serve a similar purpose as programs enforced victimisation the Common entree
Interface (CGI). however JSP provide many blessings compared with the CGI. Performance is considerably
higher as a result of JSP permits embedding Dynamic parts in HTML Pages itself rather than having a separate
CGI files. JSP area unit forever compiled before its processed by the server not like CGI/Perl which needs the
server to load AN interpreter and therefore the target script on every occasion the page is requested. JavaServer
Pages area unit designed on high of the Java Servlets API, thus like Servlets, JSP conjointly has access to all or
any the powerful Enterprise Java Apis, as well as JDBC, JNDI, EJB, JAXP etc. JSP pages are often employed in
combination with servlets that handle the business logic, the model supported by Java servlet guide engines.
Finally, JSP is AN integral a part of Java electrical engineering, a whole platform for enterprise category
applications. this suggests that JSP will play an area within the simplest applications to the foremost advanced
and tightened.
Creating a simple JSP Page
To create the first jsp page, write some html code as given below, and save it by .jsp extension. We have save
this file as test1.jsp. Put it in a folder and paste the folder in the web-apps directory in apache tomcat to run the
jsp page.
Directory structure of JSP
The directory structure of JSP page is same as servlet. We contains the jsp page outside the WEB-INF folder or in
any directory.
How to run a simple JSP Page ?

Create new project inside webapps
webapps --> basic-sciptlets (New Project).
Program 1:
Develop test1.jsp in
webapps ---> basic-sciptlets ---> test1.jsp
test.jsp
Welcome to JSP
Start the Server,
Open the Web browser, and type,
http://localhost:7070/basic-sciptlets/test.jsp
Output:
Welcome to JSP
Program 2:
Develop test2.jsp in
webapps ---> basic-sciptlets ---> test2.jsp
test2.jsp
Welcome to JSP Welcome to
JSP Welcome to JSP 
Welcome to JSP 
Start the Server,

Open the Web browser, and type,
http://localhost:7070/basic-sciptlets/tes2jsp
Output:
Welcome to JSP
Welcome to JSP
Welcome to JSP
Welcome to JSP
4
JSP Tags:
We cannot keep java code directly in JSP.
In JSP, java code can be written inside the jsp page using the scriptlet tag. Let's see what are the scripting
elements first.
There are 3 types of scripting elements:
The scripting elements provides the ability to insert java code inside the jsp. There are three types of scripting
elements:
1.
Scriptlet tag
2.
Expression tag
3.
Declaration tag
1. Scriptlet:
Syntax : <% java source code %>
Inside Scriptlet, we're keeping the java statements.

Scriptlets are almost look like a statements which are inside a method. Whatever statements we're
keeping inside a method, same statements, we can keep inside a Scriptlet.
Whatever statements we're keeping inside a Scriptlet, those should end with a semicolon (;)
Any no. of statements we can keep inside a Scriptlet.
Any no. of Scriptlets we can keep in a JSP File.

2. Expression:
Syntax :
<%= statement %>
Expression is used to print all Literals, Method return values, & variable values.
Whatever u like to print, same thing we can keep inside a Expression

The code placed within expression tag is written to the output stream of the response. So you need not
write out.print() to write data. It is mainly used to print the values of variable or method.
we cannot keep plain java code.

Whatever statements we're keeping inside a Scriptlet, those should not end with a semicolon (;)
3. Declaration:
Syntax : <%! field or method declaration %>
The JSP declaration tag is used to declare fields and methods.

The code written
inside the jsp declaration tag is placed outside the
service() method
Of auto generated servlet.
So it doesn't get memory at each request.
The JSP declaration tag is used to declare global members (global variables & definine methods)
In 'Declaration tag', we're declaring global variables & we're defining entire methods. But we're
not defining part of a method, (i.e) we're not keeping only method statements. We're developing
entire method itself.
Where as in "Scriptlet tag", we're defining part of method (i.e.) only statements which are
defined like a inside method.
In 'Declaration tag', we can define entire method.
Difference between the jsp scriptlet tag and jsp declaration tag?
Jsp Scriptlet Tag
Jsp Declaration Tag
The jsp scriptlet
tag can only
The jsp declaration tag can declare
declare variables
not methods.
variables as well as methods.
The declaration of scriptlet tag is

The declaration of jsp declaration tag is
placed inside the
_jspService()
placed outside the _jspService() method.
method.
JSP Directives :
The jsp directives are messages that tells the web container how to translate a JSP page into the
corresponding servlet.
There are three types of directives:
page directive
include directive
taglib directive
import
contentType
extends
info
buffer
language
isELIgnored
isThreadSafe
autoFlush
session
pageEncoding
errorPage
isErrorPage
1. Scriptlet tag:
Program 3:
test3.jsp
<% int i = 100; i++; %>
i value is : <%= i %>
Output:
i value is : 101
2. Expression tag:
Program 4:
test4.jsp
<% int i = 100; i++; %>
<% int j = i; j += 200; %>
i value is : <%= i %> j value is :
<%= j %>
Output:
i value is : 101
j value is : 301
Explanation:
Here, we developed 2 Scriptlets.
Program 5:
test5.jsp
<%= 1000
%> 
<%= 10.105f
%> 
<%= 1000.1005
%> 
<%= true
%> 
<%= false
%> 
<%= 'c'
%> 
<%= "HELLO"
%> 
<%= "Hello " + " Buddy" %> 
<%= 100+200
%> 
<%= 100*200
%>
Output:
1000
10.105
1000.1005 true false
c HELLO
Hello Buddy 300 20000
Explanation:
We're Printing various types of literals %& Expressions.
Program 6:(Multiple Scriptlets with Multiple Expressions)
test6.jsp
<% int i =100; i+= 10; %>
<%= "i value is : " +i %> 
<%
i+= 20; i++;
%>
<%= "i value is : " +i %>
 
<%
i+= 30; i++;
%>
Output:
i value is : 110 i value is : 131 i value is : 162
Program 7:
test7.jsp
<% java.util.Date date = new java.util.Date(); String s = "Sashi"; %>
Date is : <%= date %> s
value : <%= s %>
Output:
Date is : Wed Apr 16 09:00:37 IST 2014 s value :
Sashi
3. Declaration tag:
Program 8:
test8.jsp
<%!
int i = 100;
void test()
{
}
%>
Output:
i value is : 100
Explanation:
Here, in 'Declaration tag', we're declaring i variable. 'i' is a global variable. And we're defining a test()
method. test() method also global method
Program 9:
test9.jsp
<%!
float f = 200.2f; float
test()
{
return (100+f);
}
%>
f value is : <%= f %> test() is : <
%= test() %>
Output:
f value is
: 200.2
test() is
: 300.2
Program 10:
test10.jsp
<%! String s ="Global variable"; %>
S value is : <%= s%>
Output:
S value is : Global variable
Program 11:
test11.jsp
<% String s = "Local variable"; %>
S value is :
<%= s %>
Output:
S value is : Local variable
Explanation:
Here, in 'Declaration tag', we're declared global variable 's'. same name 's' is declared in "Scriptlet" also.
Then which one will get more preference??
Question
: Global variable or Local
variable?
Answer
: Local variable only will
get more preference.
Program 12:
Ho
Question
: w to access global variable?
Answer
: Use 'this' keyword to access global variables.
test12.jsp
<% String s = "Local variable"; %>
Global S value is : <%= this.s %> 
Local S value is : <%= s %>
Output:
Global S value is : Global variable
Local S value is : Local variable
Explanation:
Here, in 'Declaration tag', we're declared global variable 's'. same name 's' is declared
in "Scriptlet" also.
Local variable is getting more preference if u access directly by using variable name (i.e.) s.
If u like to access global variable 's', then use 'this' keyword. (i.e.)this.s
Program 13:
test13.jsp
<%! int day = 2; %>
<%
if(day == 1) { %> 1st
Day
<% } else if (day ==2) { %> 2nd
Day
<% } else { %> Some
other Day
<% } %>
Output:
2nd Day
Program 14:
test14.jsp
<%
int day =3; %>
Switch Statement is used. 
<%
switch(day) {
case
case
1:
out.println("Day 1");
break;
2:
break;
case 3:
break;
default:
out.println("Some other day");
}
%>
Output:
Switch Statement is used.
Day 3
Program 15:
test15.jsp
For Loop Example 
<%!
int fontSize;
%>
<%
for (fontSize = 1; fontSize<3; fontSize++) { %>

 <%= fontSize %>
JSP Tutorial 
<% } %>
Output:
For Loop Example
1 JSP Tutorial
2 JSP Tutorial
Directive tag:
Program 16:
test16.jsp
<%@ page import = "java.util.Date" %>
<% Date d = new Date(); %>
<%= "Today Date is : " %> <%=
d %>
Output:
2nd Day

Advantage of JSP Over Servlet

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JSP

What is JavaServer Pages?

How to run a simple JSP Page ?

Start the Server,

Inside Scriptlet, we're keeping the java statements.

Any no. of statements we can keep inside a Scriptlet.

Any no. of Scriptlets we can keep in a JSP File.

Whatever u like to print, same thing we can keep inside a Expression

we cannot keep plain java code.

Syntax : <%! field or method declaration %>

The JSP declaration tag is used to declare fields and methods.

In 'Declaration tag', we can define entire method.

Jsp Declaration Tag

The jsp scriptlet

tag can only

The jsp declaration tag can declare

variables as well as methods.

The declaration of scriptlet tag is

for (fontSize = 1; fontSize<3; fontSize++) { %>

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