Pathophysiology of Acute Gastroenteritis

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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS

Contributing Factors:
Poor hygiene
Lack of sanitation
Lack of clean water
source
Improper food handling
o Eating uncooked

Predisposing Factors:
Age (9 y/o)
Gender (Male)
Immunocompromised

Ingestion of contaminated food or water


with E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella,
Staphylococcus aureus, Rotavirus

Enterotoxin production

Interacts with mucosa

Microorganism invades
gastrointestinal tract
Irritation of mucosal
lining
Destruction of epithelial cells

Superficial ulceration
of mucosa

Inflammation of layer
beneath epithelium of
mucosa

Systemic invasion

Profuse secretion of
water and electrolytes

Nausea and
vomiting

Hyperemia and
edema

Blood, mucus in stool

Diarrhea

Excretion of
interstitial fluids

Infection to
another part of the
body

Dehydration

-Increase in
temperature (Fever)
LEGEND

-Poor skin turgor

Access to
systemic

-Appearance of rashes on
skin

Septicemia

Predisposing factors
Contributing factors
Precipitating factors
Signs and Symptoms
Complications

Meningitis

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