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    Deflection of Beams - Note

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    Jack
    1) The document discusses methods for determining deflection of symmetrical beams under bending, including successive integration, singularity functions, and the principle of virtual work. 2) It introduces Macauley's method of singularity functions, which uses half-range functions to simplify calculations for beams with multiple loads. 3) A numerical example is presented to demonstrate using Macauley's method to calculate the deflection at two points on a beam loaded by a UDL and two concentrated loads.

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    Deflection of Beams - Note

    Uploaded by

    Jack
    212 views12 pages
    1) The document discusses methods for determining deflection of symmetrical beams under bending, including successive integration, singularity functions, and the principle of virtual work. 2) It introduces Macauley's method of singularity functions, which uses half-range functions to simplify calculations for beams with multiple loads. 3) A numerical example is presented to demonstrate using Macauley's method to calculate the deflection at two points on a beam loaded by a UDL and two concentrated loads.

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    Deflection of beams

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    Deflection of Beams_note

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    1) The document discusses methods for determining deflection of symmetrical beams under bending, including successive integration, singularity functions, and the principle of virtual work. 2) It introduces Macauley's method of singularity functions, which uses half-range functions to simplify calculations for beams with multiple loads. 3) A numerical example is presented to demonstrate using Macauley's method to calculate the deflection at two points on a beam loaded by a UDL and two concentrated loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    212 views12 pages

    Deflection of Beams - Note

    Uploaded by

    Jack
    1) The document discusses methods for determining deflection of symmetrical beams under bending, including successive integration, singularity functions, and the principle of virtual work. 2) It introduces Macauley's method of singularity functions, which uses half-range functions to simplify calculations for beams with multiple loads. 3) A numerical example is presented to demonstrate using Macauley's method to calculate the deflection at two points on a beam loaded by a UDL and two concentrated loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The passage discusses different methods for analyzing beam deflection including integration, singularity functions, and virtual work. It also introduces Macauley's method for solving beam deflection problems.

    The three main methods discussed are successive integration, singularity functions (Macauley's method), and the principle of virtual work.

    Macauley's method introduces singularity or half-range functions. It is used as an alternative approach when double integration becomes lengthy, such as for problems with offset loads or multiple loads. It was first applied by Macauley in 1919.

    Deflection of Symmetrical Section Beams

    Methods: 1) Successive Integration


    2) Singularity Functions (Macauleys Method)
    3) Principle of Virtual Work
    One of the most important engineering equations which form the basis
    for the elastic analysis is
    The Engineering Bending Equations

    I
    y
    R
    This was derived for symmetrical section beams last semester
    Rearranging above equation gives:
    m

    EI
    R

    or

    1
    m

    R
    EI

    The beam curvature (1/R) is directly proportional to bending moment


    m and inversely proportional to the flexural rigidity of the beam EI

    SINGULARITY FUNCTIONS
    Ex 13.6 shows that the double integration method becomes extremely lengthy when even
    relatively small complications such as the lack of symmetry due to an offset load are
    introduced. Again the addition of a second concentrated load on the beam of Ex. 13.6 would
    result in a total of six equations for slope and deflection producing six arbitrary constants.
    Clearly the computation involved in determining these constants would be tedious, even though
    a simply supported beam carrying two concentrated loads is a comparatively simple practical
    case. An alternative approach is to introduce so-called singularity or half-range functions. Such
    functions were first applied to beam deflection problems by Macauley in 1919 and hence the
    method is frequently known as Macauleys method.

    We now introduce a quantity [xa] and define it to be zero if (xa)<0, i.e. x<a, and to be
    simply (xa) if x>a. The quantity [xa] is known as a singularity or half-range function and is
    defined to have a value only when the argument is positive in which case the square brackets
    behave in an identical manner to ordinary parentheses. Thus in Ex. 13.6 the bending moment at
    a section of the beam furthest from the origin for x may be written as

    Numerical Example 1
    The beam shown in the following Figure has a flexural rigidity, EI of 1.4 x 104 KNm2.
    a) Derive the expression of deflection
    b) Determine the position and magnitude of Maximum deflection

    20kN

    30kN

    60kN

    A
    C
    2m

    D
    3m

    E
    2m

    3m

    10

    11

    Numerical Example 2
    The beam shown in the following Figure has a flexural rigidity, EI of 425 x 1012 Nmm2.
    Calculate the deflection at a point B and at point D using Macauleys method.
    y
    80kN

    160kN

    X
    UDL = 10kN/m

    x
    A

    2m

    6m

    D
    2m

    RA+RC=80+160+10 8=320kN

    0 80 2+160x10+10 8 6-8RC=0; RC=280kN and RA=40kN

    Mx = 40x-80[x-2]+280[x-8]-10[x-2]([x-2]/2)= 40x-80[x-2]+280[x-8]-5[x-2]2
    d2y
    M X 40 x 80[ x 2] 280[ x 8] 5[ x 2] 2
    dx 2
    dy
    5
    EI
    20 x 2 40[ x 2] 2 140[ x 8] 2 [ x 2]3 A
    dx
    3
    20 3 40
    140
    5
    EIy
    x
    [ x 2]3
    [ x 8]3 [ x 2] 4 Ax B
    3
    3
    3
    12
    EI

    y=0 at x=0

    B=0
    0

    y=0 at x=8
    y

    20 3 40
    5
    8 [8 2]3 [8 2] 4 A 8
    3
    3
    12

    A=0.83

    1
    20
    40
    140
    5
    ( x 3 [ x 2]3
    [ x 8]3 [ x 2]4 0.83x)
    3
    3
    3
    12
    425 10 3

    At B, x=2m;

    At D x=10m;

    1
    20
    ( 23 0.83 2) 0.13mm
    3
    425 10 3

    1
    20
    50
    140 2 5
    ( 103 83
    2 84 0.83 10) 7.95mm
    3
    425 10 3
    3
    3
    12

    12

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