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Computer Control System

The document discusses several topics related to system architecture: 1. Why an architecture may need to be designed before requirements are complete to help organize specifications. 2. Key points to present to a non-technical manager on hiring a system architect, including explaining architecture. 3. Why conflicts can arise in an architecture that aims to meet both availability and security requirements.

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Mae Rose Bibit
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532 views4 pages

Computer Control System

The document discusses several topics related to system architecture: 1. Why an architecture may need to be designed before requirements are complete to help organize specifications. 2. Key points to present to a non-technical manager on hiring a system architect, including explaining architecture. 3. Why conflicts can arise in an architecture that aims to meet both availability and security requirements.

Uploaded by

Mae Rose Bibit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAE ROSE BIBIT

BSCS III
6.1. When describing a system, explain why you may have to design the system architecture
before the requirements specification is complete.
- The system architecture may have to be designed first before requirements specifications is
complete to provide a means of organizing the specification and developing different subsystem
specifications synchronously. Architectural design is the first stage in the design process and
represents critical link between the design and requirements engineering process.
6.2. You have been asked to prepare and deliver a presentation to a non-technical manager
to justify the hiring of a system architect for a new project. Write a list of bullet points
setting out the key points in your presentation. Naturally, you have to explain what is
meant by system architecture.
6.3. Explain why design conflicts might arise when designing an architecture for which
both availability and security requirements are the most important non-functional
requirements.
- Fundamentally, to provide availability, you need to have (a) replicated components in the
architecture so that in the event of one component failing, you can switch immediately to a
backup component. You also need to have several copies of the data that is being processed.
Security requires minimizing the number of copies of the data and, wherever possible, adopting
an architecture where each component only knows as much as it needs to, to do its job. This
reduces the chance of intruders accessing the data. Therefore, there is a fundamental architectural
conflict between availability (replication, several copies) and security (specialization, minimal
copies). The system architect has to find the best compromise between these fundamentally
opposing requirements.
6.4. Draw diagrams showing a conceptual view and a process view of the architectures of
the following systems:
An automated ticket-issuing system used by passengers at a railway station.
A computer-controlled video conferencing system that allows video, audio, and computer
data to be visible to several participants at the same time.
A robot floor cleaner that is intended to clean relatively clear spaces such as corridors. The
cleaner must be able to sense walls and other obstructions.
Automated Ticket-Issuing System
Computer
Payment

Control

Ticket

Processing

System

Issuance

System

System
Video
Server
User
System
Interface

Computer-Controlled Video Conferencing System

NetworkSystem
System

Client System

Client System

Client System

MAE ROSE BIBIT


BSCS III

Robot Floor Cleaner


Vision System

Object
Identification
System

Obstruction
Identification
System

Foot Control System


Joint
Controll
er

Arm Control System

Leg

Gripper

Arm

Controll
er

Controll
er

Controll
er

Floor Cleaner
System

MAE ROSE BIBIT


BSCS III
6.5. Explain why you normally use several architectural patterns when designing the
architecture of a large system. Apart from the information about patterns that I have
discussed in this chapter, what additional information might be useful when designing large
systems?
- When designing a system you would normally use several architectural patterns when
designing the architecture of a large system because you may need different architectures for
different components. For example, a large system may be a distributed system and the overall
architecture may reflect that but one component may be best implemented using a client server
pattern and another component structured as a repository. In designing a large system it is most
useful to know how the components that make up the large system are going to communicate.
Once you know how the components are going to communicate it is easier to design the
components themselves and properly structure the entire system to maximize the benefits of each
decision and minimize the drawbacks.
6.6. Suggest an architecture for a system (such as iTunes) that is used to sell and distribute
music on the Internet. What architectural patterns are the basis for this architecture?
- For sales and distribution system such as iTunes music via the Internet, it is recommended to
use the service based systems architecture (Service-oriented architecture). The basic idea of this
architecture is that the service must support the business processes, because an organization has a
wide range of processes and services that can be run. Therefore, the identification of a service
such as the sale and distribution of products must involve understanding and analysis of business
processes to decide the services that can be used and reapplied to support this process, e.g.
services for product discounts. In addition, this architecture allows the use of standard protocols
that support interoperability across platforms. The basic pattern that can support this architecture
is centralized control (centralized control). In the centralized control model, a component of
which is designated as a controller and is responsible for managing the implementation of the
other components. The process control system of the process of deciding when to be started or
stopped, depending on the system state variables. It checks if another process has produced
information to be processed or to convey information to them for processing. So that it fits the
pattern of sales and product distribution systems.
6.7. Explain how you would use the reference model of CASE environments (available on
the books web pages) to compare the IDEs offered by different vendors of a programming
language such as Java.
- You can make the comparison between the IDEs by taking the different components of the
reference model in turn than assess how well the IDE being studied provides these services. You
also have to look at how these services are used in particular toolsets. Generally, IDEs are tightly
integrated systems and all parts of the reference model may not be applicable. In this case,
comparisons would be drawn using:
1. Data repository services. What kind of data management is supported?
2. Data integration services. How well can data be interchanged with other tools and what
support is provided for configuration management?
3. User interface services. What facilities are supported to allow presentation integration? How
well integrated at the user interface level are different parts of the systems?

MAE ROSE BIBIT


BSCS III
4. Task management services. This is really for general purpose environments so is probably
inapplicable to Java IDEs.
5. Message services. How do different components of the IDE communicate?
6.8. Using the generic model of a language processing system presented here, design the
architecture of a system that accepts natural language commands and translates these into
database queries in a language such as SQL.

6.9. Using the basic model of an information system, as presented in Figure 6.16, suggest
the components that might be part of an information system that allows users to view
information about flights arriving and departing from a particular airport.
Database
Flight database; Flight status database; Airport information;
Information retrieval
Status management; Flight management; Search;
User interaction
Authentication; session management; forms processing ()
User interface
Input checking (Javascript), browser
6.10. Should there be a separate profession of software architect whose role is to work
independently with a customer to design the software system architecture? A separate
software company would then implement the system. What might be the difficulties of
establishing such a profession?

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