Technical Document on HR Programming

By Amar Chintam

Programming in Human Resource

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Introduction on SAP HR module-:

The SAP HR module enables companies to effectively manage information about the
people in their organization. It is integrated with other SAP modules and external
systems. From the Organization Management perspective, companies can model a
business hierarchy, the relationships of employees to various business units and the
reporting structure among employees. The Personnel Administration (PA) sub module
helps employers to track employee master data, work schedules, salary and benefits
information. The Personnel Development (PD) functionality focuses on employees' skills,
qualifications and career plans. Finally, the Time Evaluation and Payroll sub modules
process attendance and absences, gross salary and tax calculations, and payments to
employees and third party vendors.

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What is HR ?
The task of Human Resource Management is to produce the organizational hierarchies ,
relationship between employees and to allow storage and administration of employee
data .
Organization :
We can define an organization as an individual enterprise(company or industry) in which
someone is leading it and with some departments like HR, Marketing, Finance, R&D etc.
For any organization employees are the most powerful resource. So to maintain the
employee related data we require one system which ensures accuracy and consistent
within the organization.
Why HR is different from other modules ?
The following concepts are defined in HR which differs this module with other modules
1. Use of Infotypes
2. The use of Logical Database
3. Use of Macros
4. Storage and Access of data
5 Authorization checks

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Logical Database:
The use of logical database is very important in HR ABAP Programming. Being an
ABAP programmer you may be knowing about Logical Database (LDB). But I will give
a brief description about the LDB keeping in mind the novice.

Introduction:
A logical database is a special ABAP/4 program which combines the contents of certain
database tables. Using logical databases facilitates the process of reading database tables.
A logical database is linked to an ABAP report program as one of the program attributes.
It supplies the report program with a set of hierarchically structured table entries derived
from different database tables. This saves the developer from having to program the data
retrieval. For example The HR PA has the logical database PNP. The program behind this
LDB will be SAPLDBPNP.

HR Logical Databases:
In Human Resources (HR), the following logical databases can be used
1) PNP
2) PAP
3) PCH

Logical Database PNP: Use logical database PNP to report on HR master data. It is
possible to use logical database PCH( this facility can be used only to access this data,
but PNP meets such reporting requirements more quickly because it is best suited to the
task of selecting persons. To use logical database PNP in your program, specify in your
program attributes. Main functions of the logical database PNP

Standard Selection screen

Data Retrieval

Authorization check

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Standard Selection Screen :

Date selection
Date selection delimits the time period for which data is evaluated. GET PERNR
retrieves all records of the relevant infotypes from the database. When you enter
a date selection period, the PROVIDE loop retrieves the infotype records whose
validity period overlaps with at least one day of this period.

Person selection
Person selection is the 'true' selection of choosing a group of employees for whom
the report is to run.

Sorting Data
The standard sort sequence lists personnel numbers in ascending order.
SORT function allows you to sort the report data otherwise. All the sorting fields
are from infotype 0001.

Report Class
You can suppress input fields which are not used on the selection screen by
assigning a report class to your program.
If SAP standard delivered report classes do not satisfy your requirements, you
can create your own report class through the IMG.

GET PERNR event:

The GET PERNR event is executed for all personnel numbers where selected on the basis
of selection screen entries. Data is retrieved at the GET PERNR point. GET PERNR fills
the internal tables of the infotypes that are declared for each employee using the infotypes
statement. The time point should be viewed as a loop via the selected personnel numbers.
Note: PERNR is a data dictionary structure without a database. You must declare this
structure using the TABLES statement

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Data Retrieval from LDB

1. Create data structures for infotypes.

INFOTYPES: 0001, "ORG ASSIGNMENT

0002, "PERSONAL DATA
0008. "BASIC PAY
2. Fill data structures with the infotype records.
Start-of-selection.
GET PERNR.
End-of-selection.
Read Master Data

Infotype structures (after GET PERNR) are internal tables loaded with data.
The infotype records (selected within the period) are processed sequentially by
the PROVIDE - ENDPROVIDE loop.
GET PERNR.
PROVIDE * FROM Pnnnn BETWEEN PN-BEGDA AND PN-ENDDA
If Pnnnn-XXXX = ' '. write:/ Pnnnn-XXXX. endif.
ENDPROVIDE.

Period-Related Data
All infotype records are time stamped.
IT0006 (Address infotype)
01/01/1990 12/31/9999 present
Which record to be read depends on the date selection period specified on the
selection screen. PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.

Current Data
IT0006 Address - 01/01/1990 12/31/9999 present

RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST retrieves the record which is valid in the data selection

period.
For example, pn-begda = '19990931' pn-endda = '99991231'
IT0006 subtype 1 is resident address
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0006 1 PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.
We Will discuss about Read master data under processing
infotypes.

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This is the attributes screen of the program. Look at the field Logical database. You need
to declare your required logical database at this place. I have declared the LDB as PNP.

Logical Database PCH: This logical database generally enables you to report on all HR
infotypes. However, you are advised not to use this logical database unless you want to
report on Personnel Planning data.
Logical Database PAP: Logical database PAP enables you to access data from
Recruitment.

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This is the PNP selection screen. You can customize the selection screen with your own
fields by change or create to HR report category.

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We are going to discuss the following areas in HR.

1) Personnel Administration
2) Personnel Development
3) Time Management
4) Payroll

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Personnel Administration: PA involves administrating employee data, commonly

referred to Master Data. Master Data contains all employee data used in HR processing.
Master Data includes Personal (Eg. address), Organizational (Position description),
Benefits (Insurance, Pension), Time & Payroll.
Master Data is stored in Infotypes. Infotypes are tables (for user Data entry screen) that
contain logically related employee data. Data can be stored for specific periods, which
includes current and historical.
Components of PA:

Personnel Area: represents a division of a company code into subunits. It is an

organizational entity representing an area within an organization defined by
specific aspects of personnel administration, time management and payroll.
Personnel areas are subdivided into personnel subareas. Personnel area is specific
to HR and is a four character alphanumeric identification. Eg. Personnel area 100
is for employees in Karnataka, 200 is for Chennai.

Personnel Subarea: is a further subdivision of Personnel area. It may represent

geographical locations. Functions include:
1. Set groupings for Time Management, so that work schedules, substitution
and absence and leave types can be setup for individual personnel subareas.
2. Generate default pay scale type and area for an employee's basic pay.
3. Define public holiday calendar.

Employee Groups: divides or groups employees into various categories. Eg.

Active employees, Retired employees, Contractors. Employee groups are used to
generate default values for payroll accounting area and basic pay.

Employee Subgroups: are further differentiated within the employee group. Eg.
Salaried employees, Hourly employees, Unionized employees, Executives. The
employee subgroup grouping for the payroll rule allows you to define different
payroll procedures for different employee subgroups. For eg. you can specify
whether an employee's pay should be determined on hourly or monthly basis.
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The employee subgroup grouping for the work schedule defines the validity of
work schedule, and the attendance or absence quota type determines the validity
of time quotas.

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Infotypes: Infotypes are units of information in the Human Resource System. They are
used to group data fields together that all relate to the same subject matter. Infotypes
structure information, and facilitate data entry and time-dependent data storage. From the
users perspective, infotypes are data entry screens. From the database perspective,
infotypes are a data structure and a set of data records that belong together. The ability to
create histories for infotypes is ensured by time-dependent infotype storage. The system
records a validity period for each infotype record. Each infotype entered for an employee
usually has several data records that are distinguished one from the other by their validity
periods.
Time constraints: Enable you to determine how the validity periods of infotype data
records interact:

Time constraint 1: Exactly one valid data record of the infotype in question must
exist for the entire time that the employee belongs to the enterprise.

Time constraint 2: No more than one valid data record of the infotype in question
can exist at any one time.

Time constraint 3: Any number of valid data records of the infotype in question
can exist at any one time.

The prerequisites for the existence of a personnel or applicant number are infotypes 0000
Actions, 0001 Organizational Assignment, 0002 Personal Data, and 0003 Payroll Status.

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One physical table is stored on the database for each transparent table. The names of the
physical table and logical table definition in the Dictionary are compatible.
The following naming convention applies to infotype tables; nnnn stands for the infotype
number:

PAnnnn for transparent tables in Personnel Administration

PBnnnn for transparent tables in Recruitment

HRPnnnn for transparent tables in Personnel Planning

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The primary key of transparent table PAnnnn consists of the following key fields:

PERNR: the personnel number is the only unique key within a client for
identifying an employee. It is used to access the display and maintenance screens
for an employees master data and working time data (infotypes).

SUBTY: subtypes are subdivisions of infotypes. An infotypes subtypes can have

different time constraints and form their own histories.

OBJPS: the object identification is used to make a distinction between records

with the same infotype, subtype, lock indicator, start date, and end date. For
example, the child number in infotype 0021 Family/Related Person.

SPRPS: the lock indicator for HR master data is used to lock and unlock data
records, which enables the double verification principle to be put into practice.
In accordance with this principle, at least two users are involved in the process of
writing an active data record to the database. One of the users creates a locked
infotype record, and the other user unlocks - that is, activates - the data record.

ENDDA: end date.

BEGDA: start date.

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SEQNR: the sequential number is used to make a distinction between infotype

records that have the same key and time constraint '3' (any number of valid
infotype data records at any one time). Unlike the object identification, it is
assigned by the system automatically.

Table T777D Infotypes - Dialog/Database Assignment is the central check table

(domain INFOTYP) for all HR infotypes (Administration and Planning
infotypes). It is used to store the names of all infotype-dependent repository
objects (tables, structures, programs, and so on).

Table T77ID Infotypes: Enhancements to T777D is simply an enhancement of

table T777D that exists for reasons of memory space.

Table T582A Infotypes - Customer-Specific Settings is used for customer settings

in Administration infotypes.

Table T77CD Infotypes - Customer-Specific Settings is used for customer settings

in Planning infotypes.

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INFOTYPE PROCESSING:
After the Event GET PERNR point, the internal tables of the infotypes contain records
and ready for processing.
*Provide statement
PROVIDE * from pnnnn between PN-BEGDA and PN-ENDDA.
Write: / pnnnn-<field>.
ENDPROVIDE

Pnnnn stands for internal table for infotype nnnn. It is similar to normal
select statement.

PROCESING A SPECIFIC INFOTYPE RECORD:

RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST Pnnnn SPACE PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-FRST Pnnnn SPACE PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.
These statements make the newest or oldest record in the PN-BEGDA to PN-ENDDA
data selecting period available in the structure Pnnnn for infotype nnnn.

STANADARD HR PROGRAM STEPS:

Attach PNP Logical Database name in Attributes.
Declare PERNR structure in tables.
Includes if required.
Selection-screen formatting.
Start-of-Selection.
...required Validations.
GET PERNR Event starts here
Perform retrieve
Perform Populate
..All Performs
END-OF-SELECTION event ends here
Write/Download.

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Look at the
example below

Using the logical database and reading master data.

Suppose you want to create a report which generates a list of employees with the
following information

Personnel number
Name
Language
Date of birth

REPORT zamar.
*-- Declaration
TABLES: pernr.
INFOTYPES: 0002.
"Personal Data
SELECT-OPTIONS: language FOR p0002-sprsl.
*-- Selection screen
INITIALIZATION.
pnptimed = 'D'.
*-- Processing
GET pernr.
PROVIDE * FROM p0002 BETWEEN pn-begda AND pn-endda.
CHECK language.
WRITE: / p0002-pernr,
sy-vline,
pernr-ename,
sy-vline,
p0002-sprsl,
sy-vline,
p0002-gbdat.
ENDPROVIDE.

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Suppose you require additional reports that combine data from different infotypes
Then you need to join one or more infotypes.

Any number of infotypes can be linked by a JOIN

Note that changing data in any one of the infotypes linked by a join causes a
split in the selection period.

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If infotypes linked by a JOIN have subtypes, processing must be restricted to one

subtype using a WHERE condition, in which a subtype is queried.
In this example, the first partial interval only contains personal data. The record is
not meaningful because the join's task of retrieving data from all of the infotypes
in question has not been performed.
Using variable Pnnnn_VALID, the system recognizes that one partial interval
only contains incomplete data.
When the report is run, this variable is created for each Pnnnn infotype included
in a join.
If a partial interval for infotype Pnnnn contains data, its Pnnnn_VALID variable
is filled with X.

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The * in the PROVIDE statement, which stands for all of the fields in the
infotype, is replaced by the five-digit field name of the infotype included in the
projection.
The * in a simple PROVIDE means that all of the fields in the infotype are
included in the projection.
JOIN and PROJECTION can be combined in a PROVIDE statement.
Infotype records are not allowed to overlap for projection. Data must be unique,
which means that projection is only allowed for time constraints 1 and 2.
The logical validity of the activity period is stored in the infotype's BEGDA and
ENDDA fields.

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Look at the
example below

Join and Projection Joining Infotypes

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

Process the Personal Data infotype (0002) and Addresses infotype (0006) using a
JOIN.

Make the processing of data dependent on the content of variable Pnnnn_VALID.

Suppose you want to create a report in which period the employee lived at which address
under which name. The created list should contain the following information:

Start date

End date

Name

Place of residence

Only process the records from Infotype 0006 which have subtype 1.

Only print data for the periods for which address information is available.

Use a variable with the characteristics of field P0001-ENAME, so that the first
and last name are only separated by one space. Use the statement
CONCATENATE.

Enter a width of 100 characters for the list (addition LINE-SIZE for keyword
REPORT).
Restrict the length of the name to 30, and the length of the city to 20
characters.
Separate the resulting field contents in your list by a vertical line (SY-VLINE).

REPORT zpamar1 LINE-SIZE 100.

*-- declaration
TABLES: pernr.
INFOTYPES: 0002,
0006.
DATA: name LIKE p0001-ename.

"Personal Data
"Address

*-- Processing
GET pernr.
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PROVIDE * FROM p0002
* FROM p0006 BETWEEN pn-begda AND pn-endda
WHERE p0006-subty = '1'.
IF p0006_valid EQ 'X'.
CONCATENATE p0002-nachn p0002-vorna INTO name
SEPARATED BY SPACE.
PERFORM print_data.
ENDIF.
ENDPROVIDE.
*------------------------------------------------------------*
*
FORM PRINT_DATA
*------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM print_data.
WRITE: / p0002-pernr NO-ZERO,
sy-vline,
p0002-begda,
sy-vline,
p0002-endda,
sy-vline,
(30) name,
sy-vline,
(20) p0006-ort01.
ENDFORM.

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Look at the
example below

Join and Projection Projection to Infotype Fields

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

Project to particular fields by joining two infotypes.

Read texts from time-dependent table entries.

Suppose you want to create a report which documents how an employees job has
developed. The created list should contain the following information:

Name
Date of birth
Start date
End date
Job key
Job title

Project to the fields P0001-STELL and P0001-ENAME for infotype 0001.

Project to field P0002-GBDAT for infotype 0002.

Only print data for the periods in which organizational assignment information
is available.

Before reading table T513S, check that the table entry to be read for the job
key in question is already in the work area. To do this, use the statement
CHECK.
If the required table entry does not exist, print the personnel number, an error
text, and the job key text.
End further processing with the REJECT statement.

Enter a width of 100 characters for the list (addition LINE-SIZE for keyword
REPORT).
Restrict the length of the name to 20, and the length of the job title to 15
characters.
Separate the resulting field contents in your list by a vertical line (SY-VLINE).

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REPORT zpsol030 LINE-SIZE 100.
*-- Declaration
TABLES: pernr,
T513S.
INFOTYPES: 0001,
0002.

"Job Titles
"Organ. Assignment
"Personal Data

*-- Processing
GET pernr.
PROVIDE stell ename FROM p0001
gbdat
FROM p0002 BETWEEN pn-begda and pnendda.
IF p0001_valid EQ 'X'.
IF p0001-stell NE space.
PERFORM re513s.
WRITE: / pernr-pernr,
sy-vline,
(20) p0001-ename,
sy-vline,
p0002-gbdat,
sy-vline,
p0001-stell,
sy-vline,
(15) t513s-stltx,
sy-vline,
p0001-begda,
sy-vline,
p0001-endda.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDPROVIDE.

*------------------------------------------------------------*
*
FORM RE513S
*------------------------------------------------------------*
*
Read Job Title
*------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM re513s.
CHECK sy-langu
NE t513s-sprsl OR
p0001-stell NE t513s-stell OR
p0001-begda LT t513s-begda OR
p0001-begda GT t513s-endda.
SELECT * FROM t513s
WHERE sprsl EQ sy-langu
AND
stell EQ p0001-stell
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AND
endda GE p0001-begda
AND
begda LE p0001-begda.
ENDSELECT.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
CLEAR t513s.
WRITE: / pernr-pernr,
No entry in T513S for job key (001),
p0001-stell.
REJECT.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.

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HR Macros and Function Modules:

At the conclusion of this chapter you will be able to use HR macros and read infotypes
without using logical database.

Like subroutines and function modules, macro modules can be used to modularize
programs. Macro modules are frequently used in HR.
These macros are defined in program SAPDBPNP (include DBPNPMAC) with the
keyword DEFINE. They can be used in any program that uses the logical database
PNP.
If you want to use these macros in reports that do not use the logical database PNP,
you must include program DBPNPMAC with the keyword INCLUDE.
You can also define your own macros. In accordance with the naming convention, the
first two letters stand for the application.
Some macros are also stored in the Macros in ABAP Programs table (TRMAC)

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The RP_PROVIDE_FROM_LAST macro retrieves the last valid data record in the
data selection period.
The parameters for RP_PROVIDE_FROM_LAST are: infotype, subtype, start date,
and end date. If you do not want to specify a particular subtype, enter SPACE.
You can process not only the last valid data record in the data selection period, but
also the first valid data record using the RP_PROVIDE_FROM_FRST macro.
The macro return code PNP-SW-FOUND has the value 1 if a suitable entry exists in
the infotype table for the specified period. If no entry is found, the value is 0.

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When the START-OF-SELECTION event occurs, the RP_SET_DATA_INTERVAL

macro ensures that the only records imported from database table PAnnnn to internal
table Pnnnn are those which are valid in the data selection period.

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It is often necessary to read the groupings stored in the Personnel Area/Subarea table
because they are required as keys for other tables. This must take place individually
for each personnel number to be processed.
Each employee's assignment to a personnel area and subarea is stored in infotype
0001.
The parameters of the macro are:
Personnel areas
Personnel subareas
Reaction, if no entry is found:
X = Termination of report with error message No entry found in table ...
SPACE = SY-SUBRC is set to 4.
Alternatively, if you only want to determine the country indicator, you can use the
function module HR_COUNTRY_GROUPING_GET.

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You can also read infotype records for a particular personnel number without using
the logical database.
To do this, use the function module HR_READ_INFOTYPE. However, you must
ensure that the internal table for the required infotype is declared with the INFOTYPE
statement.

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The function module reads the HR infotype records for a person (employee or
applicant) in accordance with the specified selection criteria. Values are returned in an
internal table, the structure of which corresponds to the appropriate infotype table. In
the calling program, such tables can be declared with the INFOTYPES statement, for
example. An infotype record is selected if its validity period overlaps with the
specified period.
The function module performs an authorization check.

The following specifications are possible for the return code:

0: The return table contains all required records
4: The return table contains all records, however, it is incomplete due to
missing authorization
8: The return table is empty because no records were found with the
specified criteria
12: The return table is empty due to missing authorization
Note: You should not use this function module in reports that use the logical database
PNP. If you want to read an infotype separately in one of these reports, you can call
the subroutine READ-INFOTYPE directly in the database program SAPDBPNP
(PERFORM READ-INFOTYPE(SAPDBPNP)). . .). If this is the case, you declare
the infotypes in the statement INFOTYPES with supplement MODE N.

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With this function module, you can determine the initial start date of an employee.
You can take the following infotypes into account when you determine this date:
- P0000 Actions
- P0001 Organizational Assignment
- P0016 Contract Elements
- P0041 Date Specifications

The transfer parameter CHECK_INFOTYPES is used to determine which of these

infotypes are taken into account. The employment status (parameter STATUS2) can
also be specified for infotype P0000. In infotype P0016, only the Entry data field
(P0016-EINDT) is taken into account. For infotype P0041, the corresponding date
type can be given in the transfer parameter DATUMSART. The date type '01' is
usually used for the technical entry date.
Most function modules in HR have the letters 'HR' or 'RP' in the first two characters of
their name. To find additional modules, use the search function in the Function
Builder.

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Before you change employee data, you must lock the personnel number. You can do
this with the function module BAPI_EMPLOYEE_ENQUEUE.
Messages are returned in the parameter RETURN. If an error occurs, this structure
contains the following information:- Message type (field TYPE)- Message text (field
MESSAGE).If the step is successful, the structure is blank.
If an employee's data has been locked, only the user who has locked the data can
access the data records linked to the employee. For other users, access is denied. For
this reason, you must remove the lock after the data has been changed. You can do
this with the function module BAPI_EMPLOYEE_DEQUEUE.

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With this function module, you can maintain the employee and applicant master data.
You can specify one data record. All validations that would normally take place if the
infotypes were maintained online with the individual maintenance screens are also
carried out here. The module returns the same error messages as in the online
operation. This means the error messages for the individual maintenance screens are
displayed rather than interpreted. The update is carried out by a 'Call dialog' to the
module pool for the infotype. This means that some restrictions apply to the infotypes
processed in that way (see documentation for module).
The following values are amongst those available for the parameter OPERATION:
MOD (change), COPY (copy), DEL (delete), INS (insert), LIS9 (delimit).
With the parameter DIALOG_MODE, you specify whether the action is generally
run in the background or whether it only runs in the background until an error occurs,
or whether the changes are generally carried out in the dialog mode. Possible
values:'0' The changes are generally processed in the background. If an error occurs
(with an E or A message), the complete step is terminated and the module returns the
corresponding error message in the structure 'RETURN'.
'1' The changes are generally processed in the background. If an error occurs, the
system switches to dialog mode so that the user can correct the entries.
'2' The changes are processed in the dialog mode.

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If you cannot use the function module HR_INFOTYPE_OPERATION, you can use
the UPDATE statement. Note that the system does not check the correctness of the
new field contents when a direct DB update takes place.
In this example, the field P0002-NATIO (nationality) in DB table PA0002 is updated
directly. The field contents is changed from DE' to D'. The incorrect value 'D' in
field PA0002-NATION then triggers an error message when the infotype record is
changed or copied in dialog mode.
The system field SY-DBCNT contains the number of changed records.
Authorization checks are not supported by the UPDATE statement and should be
carried out on the program level.
Many HR reports use macros. Their program codes are stored in a table or defined
locally using the DEFINE keyword.
The RP_PROVIDE_LAST macro writes the last valid record in the data selection
period to the header line of the internal Infotype table.
You can use the function module HR_READ_INFOTYPE to read the personal data
in reports which do not use an HR logical database.

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Look at the
example below

Specific Commands Macros

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

Use the macro RP_PROVIDE_FROM_LAST to retrieve the last

valid record in the data selection period.

Use the macro RP-READ-T001P

Area/Personnel Subarea table.

to

read

the

Personnel

Suppose you need to create a report that will generate a list of the recurring payments and
deductions for each employee.
The list should contain the following information for each employee:
Personnel number
Name
Personnel area
Personnel subarea text

In the following lines, print:

Wage type
Wage type text
Amount
Start date
End date

Employees who have no recurring payments or deductions should not

appear on the list. If employees do not have a record for infotype 0014, the
internal table P0014 is empty at the GET PERNR event. Use the keyword
DESCRIBE to query the characteristics of this table.

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To place the last infotype 0001 record valid in the data selection period in
the header of internal table P0001, use the macro
RP_PROVIDE_FROM_LAST.

To read table T001P (Personnel Area/Subarea), use the macro RP-READT001P. The country indicator is assigned to each personnel area/subarea
in the field T001P-MOLGA. The country indicator is part of the key for
table T512T (Wage Type Texts). The personnel area text is taken from
field T001P-BTEXT.

Read the accompanying wage type texts for the wage types for infotype
0014 from table T512T. Before reading table T512T, check that the table
entry to be read is already in the workarea. To do this, use the statement
CHECK.
Restrict the length of the name to 20 characters.

REPORT zpamar2 .
*-- Declaration
TABLES: pernr,
t512t,
t001p.
INFOTYPES: 0001,
0014.
Deduc.
DATA: filled_lines LIKE sy-index.

"Wage type text

Plant section
"Organ. Assignment
"Recurr. Earn. &

*-- Processing
GET pernr.
DESCRIBE TABLE p0014 LINES filled_lines.
IF filled_lines GT 0.
rp_provide_from_last p0001 space pn-begda pn-endda.
rp-read-t001p p0001-werks p0001-btrtl space.
SKIP 2.
WRITE: / pernr-pernr,
(20) p0001-ename,
p0001-werks,
t001p-btext.
PROVIDE * FROM p0014 BETWEEN pn-begda AND pn-endda.
CHECK p0014-betrg NE 0.
PERFORM print USING
p0014-lgart
p0014-betrg
p0014-begda
p0014-endda.
ENDPROVIDE.
ENDIF.

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*------------------------------------------------------------*
*
FORM PRINT
*------------------------------------------------------------*
*
Print List
*------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM print USING
value(wtype)
value(amount)
value(begda)
value(endda).
PERFORM re512t USING t001p-molga wtype.
WRITE: / wtype UNDER p0001-ename,
T512T-LGTXT,
amount,
begda,
endda.
ENDFORM.
*-------------------------------------------------------------*
*
FORM RE512T
*------------------------------------------------------------*
*
Read Wage Type Texts
*------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM re512t USING value(country_grouping)
value(wtype).
CHECK t512t-sprsl NE sy-langu
OR t512t-molga NE country_grouping
OR t512t-lgart NE wtype.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM t512t
WHERE sprsl EQ sy-langu
AND
molga EQ country_grouping
AND
lgart EQ wtype.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
CLEAR t512t.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.

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Few things need to be known about INFOTYPE:

An Infotype has an entry in check table T777D, and several infotype-dependent

elements in the Repository.
In addition to the structures and database tables discussed in unit 2 (Data Structures
in HR), each Infotype has a module pool containing the Infotype-specific entry and
list screens with their validations, and a dialog module.
When you create individual elements, take careful note of the following:
Some Infotype-dependent Infotype objects must be processed using the Data
Dictionary.
Some Infotype elements must be processed using the Infotype copy functions
within Personnel Planning and Personnel Administration. These functions have
been created for this specific purpose.
Some Infotype-dependent settings must be made using Customizing for
infotypes.
If you follow these instructions, inconsistencies will not affect your Infotypedependent objects and table entries. Creating and enhancing infotypes is
discussed in more detail later in this unit.

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When working with infotypes, it is important to comply with the above namespace
conventions.
Other namespace conventions for standard infotypes:
Time Management infotypes are assigned to namespace 2000-2999
Recruitment infotypes are assigned to namespace 4000-4999

There are three different ways of storing customer-specific information in infotypes:

You can use the fields that already exist in standard infotypes. For example, you can store
the required information in a specific field of a standard infotype that you have not used
before.
You can enhance a standard Infotype, which means creating the fields that you require in
a cluster include.
You can create a new Infotype with the fields that you require.
Before you enhance standard infotypes or create new infotypes, you should always determine
whether the infotypes included in the standard system meet your requirements.

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Problem: You want to store specific information in the system.

Procedure: Check all of the standard infotypes to determine whether one of the fields in a
standard Infotype can be used to store this information.
Situation: You find an Infotype that contains a suitable field.
Procedure: Use this Infotype to store your specific information.
Example: You want to store the following item of information: position entitled to company
car.
Use standard Infotype 1010 (Authorities/Resources).
Note: Information on specific fields is obtained from Infotype-specific structure Pnnnn
(or from structure PSnnnn or HRInnnn).

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These are some of the most important HR Infotypes

0000
0001
0002
0003
0007
0008
0014
0015
0027
0041
0057
0165
0167
0168
0169
0170
0194
0195
0207
0208
0209
0210
0216
0221
0267
2005
2010
1000

Events
Org assignment
Personal info
Payroll data
Work time
Basic pay
Reoccurring pay
1 X pay
Cost Center
Event Dates
Membership dues
Over ride to limits on deductions
Health
Insurance
Savings
Spending
Garnishment reduction
Garnishment order
Residence Tax
Work Tax
Unemployment Tax
Withholding
Garnishment adjustment
Adjustment
Off cycle
OT
Catts direct to cluster
Infotypes 1000 1999 are PD Relationship infotypes

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PD ( Planning and Development) : You can use the Personnel Development

component to maximize employees utility within your company. You can plan and
implement specific personnel and training measures to promote the professional
development of your employees. A companys personnel development needs are
determined by comparing current or future work requirements with employees
qualifications, preferences and aspirations.

Organizational Units: describe the different business areas within your

company. Org. Units must exist in a company organization structure and be linked
to one another in order to create a hierarchical structure for your company and a
link between the objects. Use transaction PP02 to create Org.Units. Object type
'O'. Following is a three level hierarchy. Table HRP1000. One Org. Unit can be
related to another Org. Unit.

Jobs: A job is the general classification for a set of tasks. Eg. manager, customer
service representative. Each Job identifies a unique classification of activity.
Employees hold positions and not Jobs. Jobs are linked to Positions, which are
held by employees. Equal number of positions should be created for each Job.
Use transaction PP02 to create Org.Units. Object type 'C'. Table HRP1000.

Positions: are specific jobs performed by individuals in a company. Each

position is occupied by one employee. Eg. HR Manager. Positions not assigned to
employees are known as vacancies.One Position can be assigned to more than one
person. Eg. the first employee may work 50% and the other will work the
remainder 50%. Position belongs to a Job which describes the Position. Use
transaction PP02 to create Org.Units. Object type 'S'. Table HRP1000
Manager
HR Manager

Accounting Manager

Relationship between objects: Table HRP1001. Transaction PP02 (Infotype 1001)

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In the Dictionary, each HRPnnnn infotype table is defined using the following three include
structures:
HRIKEY: contains the key fields of the infotype table
HRIADMIN: contains administrative information on the infotype record (including the
date on which it was last changed, and the user name of the person who made this last
change)
HRInnnn: contains the infotype-specific fields with the actual infotype data or information
To ensure that transparent table HRPnnnn and logical structure Pnnnn always remain
mutually consistent, structure HRInnnn is also included by structure Pnnnn.

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The primary key of transparent table HRPnnnn consists of the following key fields:
MANDT: legally and organizationally independent participants in the system.
PLVAR: a one or two-character alphanumeric plan version key that is used to make a
distinction between different organizational plans.
OTYPE: a one or two-character alphanumeric object key (such as S for position, Q for
qualification, and E for business event).
OBJID: an eight-digit, non-mnemonic key that represents a single object (such as an
organizational unit, qualification, or business event).
SUBTY: subtypes are subdivisions of infotypes. An infotypes subtypes can have
different time constraints and form their own histories.
ISTAT: a one-digit key that stands for a planning status. All objects and their defining
infotypes have a status. This enables you to put objects and infotypes through a planning
cycle.
BEGDA: end date.
ENDDA: start date.
VARYF: variation field of the PLOG file (that contains the target object for relationships).
SEQNR: the sequential number is used to make a distinction between infotype records
that have the same key and time constraint '3' (any number of valid infotype data records
at any one time). It is assigned by the system automatically.

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Report RHMOVE00 transports Planning data records from the R/3 System to a
sequential file.
This sequential dataset can be displayed and edited using report RHMOVE40.
Report RHALTD00 uses a sequential dataset to create a batch input session.
Structure E1Pnnn must be used for records of infotype Pnnnn. This is the IDoc
segment structure of the infotype.
Structure E1Pnnnn is expanded for table infotypes - that is, it contains the primary
record and the table division of the table infotype.
Structure E1PADnn must be used for relationships with additional data of
structure PADnn. For the assignment, see table T77AD.

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Reporting in PD using PCH Logical database:

At the end of this chapter , you will be able to:
Explain the functions and data structures of logical database PCH
Create reports for sequential evalutions of the organizational structure
Create reports for structural evalutions of the organizational structure
Evaluate additional data on relationships

Relationships are stored on the database in two directions.

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"Job" is used as a general classification, such as secretary or head of department.

More than one employee can have the same job. For example, twenty employees can have the
job of secretary.
A position is the assignment of an individual employee in your enterprise, for example, sales
manager, secretary in the marketing department. You form the structure (organigram) of your
enterprise by creating positions and linking them to each other.

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Positions must be linked to an organizational unit. However, if you want to view the
position hierarchy, you must create a reporting structure by relating positions to each
other.
An organizational unit can incorporate one or more positions. A position belongs to
an organizational unit.
Example:
The organizational unit Personnel incorporates the positions Head of Department
and Secretary.
The position Secretary belongs to the organizational unit Human Resources.

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If Organizational Management is integrated with master data, the holder relationship between
position and person is also stored for the person in the Organizational Assignment infotype
(0001), despite the fact that the data is redundant.

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The Object infotype performs key functions. It enables you to create new objects, such as
organizational units and jobs, and determines the validity period of other infotypes that
describe the characteristics of existing objects.
Once you have used this infotype to create an object, its characteristics can be described
using other infotypes such as the Relationships Infotype (1001) and the Description Infotype
(1002).
The Object Infotype (1000) defines an object's existence. You can use it to store a short text
and a long text on the object.
An object is uniquely identified by its:
- Plan variant- Object type
- Object identification
Records stored in the Relationships Infotype (1001) serve as a descriptive and functional link
between objects. For example:
A person is the holder of a position
A position belongs to an organizational unit
An organizational unit is assigned to a cost center in CO

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The relationships between basic object types are defined in the standard system and should
not be changed.
Each standard relationship has a three-digit code. The customer namespace is from AAA to
ZZZ.
Relationships between objects are reciprocal. If a job describes a position, for example, then
the position is described by the job. When you assign a relationship, the system automatically
creates its inverse relationship. This enables you to carry out reporting from either
perspective.

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The Pnnnn structure contains an infotype's key fields and data fields.
The PTnnnn structure contains the table infotype data fields for some infotypes.
The PADnn structure defines additional data for particular relationships.
The transparent HRPnnnn tables contain the infotypes used in Personnel Planning. Table
infotypes are stored in the HRTnnnn tables. Additional data on relationships is stored in the
HRPADnn tables.
Transparent table PLOGI contains an index of all objects on the Personnel Planning database.
They can be displayed and created with report RHPLOGI0. This object directory is the basis
of all evaluations using logical database PCH.

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For each selected object, internal table Pnnnn is filled per infotype with all available infotype
records.
The infotypes from Personnel Administration can also be imported.

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The only difference between a structural and sequential evaluation is the additional GDSTR
entry in the TABLES statement. This ensures that the structure parameters are shown on the
standard selection screen.
Note:
If you do not specify an evaluation path before starting the program, a sequential evaluation
is performed.

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When the INITIALIZATION event occurs, you can set default values for the selection
screen.
The fields for the object ID are defined in include DBPCHSEL. This is an internal table
(PCHOBJID) that must be filled with APPEND.

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For each selected object, internal table Pnnnn is filled per infotype with all available infotype
records.
For each selected object, the OBJEC structure contains the most important information from
infotype 1000 (plan version, object type, object ID, short text, and long text).
The GDSTR structure contains information on the current hierarchy, such as the root object
and the number of objects within the hierarchy. The value of the structure does not change
unless the system reaches a new hierarchy root when a structural evaluation is performed for
more than one root object.
For each selected object, the STRUC structure contains internal structure information. In
particular, it includes information on the relationship used by the system to select the current
object along the evaluation path.

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RH-GET-TBDAT is a macro for logical database PCH. These macros are defined in include
DBPCHCOM. With this macro, you can import the data for an infotype with a repetitive
structure. See also Table Infotypes.
The parameters for macro RH-GET-TBDAT are:
Parameter 1 : Infotype
Parameter 2 : Reference field
Parameter 3 : Table for structure PTnnnn
Macros for logical database PCH must not be confused with macros for logical database PNP.
Please note that you cannot use macros for logical databases PCH and PNP at the same time.

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Function module RH_READ_INFTY can be used to read Personnel Planning infotype

records (function group RHDB) in programs without logical database PCH (module pools,
reports of other logical databases).
The function module reads all of the infotype records for a specific infotype or (parameter
INFTY = SPACE) all of the infotypes for the specified set of objects.
Depending on the AUTHORITY and WITH_STRU_AUTH parameters, the function module
performs an authorization check.

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Look at the
example below

Logical Database PCH Exercise

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:
Program a structural evaluation.
Select administration infotypes using the logical database PCH.
Understand the evaluation principle search to depth.

Suppose you require an overview of the staff positions with the name of the employees
holding these positions and their telephone numbers.
Write a report that lists the staff positions in the organization structure along with
the persons assigned to these positions.
Use the evaluation path O-S-P.

For the personal data (first name, last name), use the infotype 0002 records for
the person. For the telephone number, use subtype 1 from infotype 0006.

The staff position information is contained in infotype 1003 for the position. If
the position is flagged as a staff position, the field P1003-STABS has the value
X.

Process the records from infotypes 0006 and 0002 with a join. For these
infotypes, project to the First name, Last name, Telephone number, and Subtype
fields.

For holders of staff positions only, display the object ID, the object identifier,
and the object name. Display this in one line. In the following line, display the
name and the telephone number.

The object type O and the evaluation path should appear in the selection screen
as default values.

REPORT zhsol010.
TABLES: objec, gdstr.
INFOTYPES: 0002, 0006, 1003.
DATA: stabs LIKE p1003-stabs,
name LIKE p0001-ename.
INITIALIZATION.
pchotype = 'O'.
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pchwegid = 'O-S-P'.
GET objec.
IF objec-otype = 'S'.
CLEAR stabs.
LOOP AT p1003 WHERE begda LE pc-endda
AND endda GE pc-begda.
IF p1003-stabs = 'X'.
stabs = 'X'.
WRITE : / objec-objid, objec-short, objec-stext.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
IF objec-otype = 'P' AND stabs = 'X'.
PROVIDE vorna nachn FROM p0002
subty telnr FROM p0006
BETWEEN pc-begda and pc-endda
WHERE p0006-subty = '1'.
IF p0006_valid = 'X'.
CONCATENATE p0002-vorna p0002-nachn INTO name
SEPARATED BY SPACE.
WRITE: / name, p0006-telnr.
SKIP.
ENDIF.
ENDPROVIDE.
ENDIF.

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Time Management

SAP HR Time Management functionality includes time collection, evaluation of time and
absence data for payroll, leave management and reporting. It also automatically
calculates leave accruals, overtime, shift premiums and bonuses.
Time data is used to process Payroll, internal & external reporting. Payroll needs Time
data to process:

Hours worked
Overtime
Shift times
Vacation
Absence to be paid

Time is also used for

Internal reporting - by management to evaluate and project costs.

External reporting - tracking of time data for Labor Union requirement etc. For
eg. Labor union requires statistical data concerning the amount of overtime spent
on certain shifts etc.

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Time data is stored in various infotypes. This data is evaluated according to various rules
during time evalution and the processed data is transferred to payroll.
Time data is generally collected by a third party recording terminal. Time data is
recorded in various ways. eg. Punch cards, Manual time sheets that stores hours worked
for each day alongwith any absenses.
All the absence's and attendance in a day are uploaded into SAP and analysed using the
pre-defined times in the employees Work Schedule rule. After processing the time events,
the system generates wage types and time types based on pre-defined rules within the
time evaluation program. These wage types and time types are then used for Interfacing
to payroll, reporting etc.

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The employee work schedule is an integral part of R/3 Time Management containing the
planned specifications for employee working time.
An employees planned working time is represented in a work schedule. The work
schedule is generated from a period work schedule and a public holiday calendar. The
period work schedule comprises a set sequence of daily work schedules. The daily work
schedule contains information on a days working time including breaks. The sequence
can reflect regular and variable working times. The period work schedule is applied to the
calendar, taking into account specifications in the public holiday calendar. The work
schedule rule encompasses all the specifications required to define the work schedule.
The work schedule is used as the basis for time data evaluation.
Examples:
The work schedule shows how many hours salaried employees must work to be entitled
to their full salary. Depending on the specifications defined for the individual employee,
any additional hours worked are identified as overtime in R/3 Time Evaluation.
If you only record deviations to the work schedule, planned working time is used as the
basis for time evaluation.
You assign a work schedule to an employee in the Planned Working Time infotype
(0007) using work schedule rules.

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The standard R/3 System already contains public holiday calendars that include
regional public holidays. You can change existing and define new public holidays
in the public holiday list. In addition, you can change existing or define new
public holiday calendars. You assign a public holiday calendar to a personnel
subarea.
Public holidays are taken into account when determining bonuses or calculating
leave, for example.

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In R/3 Time Management, there are certain infotype records that you must create for
every employee. Time management data is stored in the same master data records
used by other HR areas, such as R/3 Payroll Accounting or R/3 Personnel Planning
and Development.
The following master data infotypes are required for Time Management:
Organizational Assignment (0001)
Personal Data (0002)
Planned Working Time (0007):
You must have entered the appropriate Time Management status, determining
whether the employees time data is processed in R/3 Time Evaluation or in R/3
Payroll Accounting.
Time Recording Info (0050):
This infotype is used in R/3 Time Evaluation. It can contain interface data on the
subsystem and additional data on the employee that is relevant for time evaluation.
Employees leave entitlement is managed in the Absence Quotas infotype (2006).

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If an employee records his or her actual times at a time recording system, you can view the
recorded time events in the Time Events infotype (2011).
You can use the Time Events infotype (2011) to enter or correct time events that were not
uploaded or that were incorrectly uploaded to the SAP R/3 System. You can use list entry to
enter several time events for one personnel number at the same time.
The infotype contains information on the origin of the record (whether it was recorded
manually or by a subsystem) and on the terminal ID, for instance.
The infotype can also store information on a different payment (premium, different pay scale
group, and so on) or a different cost center. The information can either be entered manually
or by a time recording system.

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Time evaluation is performed by the time evaluation driver RPTIME00. It evaluates

employees' time data that has been recorded either at the time recording terminals or in the
time management infotypes.
Time evaluation generally runs once daily, overnight, and is started using a batch job. It is
normally used for large groups of employees.
You can also run time evaluation for individual employees or groups of employees, or for
particular past evaluation periods. This function is particularly useful for test purposes, for
example.
The time evaluation report can also be run for future periods. A future evaluation can be
useful in the following situations:
You want time evaluation to determine an employees anticiapted absence entitlements
when absence quotas are built up automatically.
You want to evaluate planned times in shift planning while taking anticipated overtime
income into account, for example.

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Reading Data
Infotypes 2000 to 2999 are time infotypes. The time data in these infotypes stored in
tables PA2000 to PA2999. Infotypes are declared with the INFOTYPE statement, and
data is made available for processing in the internal infotype tables (infotype 2011 is an
exception).
You should not load all time infotype records from the lowest to highest system dates
into the main memory. This would quickly lead to a memory overload, especially if a
front-end time recording system is connected to your HR system.
This is why time data should be read only for a specific period.
Use the infotype declaration supplement MODE N to define that the internal time
infotype tables should be declared but not filled at the GET PERNR time point.
Later you can fill these tables using a statement with selection period parameters.
Use the following report to read time data:
REPORT RPABAP05.
TABLES: PERNR.
INFOTYPES: 2001 MODE N.
GET PERNR.
RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
LOOP AT P2001.
WRITE: / P2001-ABWTG.
ENDLOOP.

An ABAP/4 macro reads the time data. This macro uses the data selection period
parameter of the selection screen.
Due to the time constraint of infotypes, several special features must be taken into
account when processing time data. Views of time data are generally not practical.
In time infotypes, data is determined on the basis of the validity period.
When you enter an absence record, the number of days of absence is calculated on the
basis of the absence period.
In a view, new partial periods are created without any changes being made to infotype
data. This would lead to incorrect results in time infotypes, since this data depends on the
validity period.
For example, if, a leave record extends from the middle of January to the middle of
February and 20 days of leave are calculated for this period, then a view for the month of
February would result in a leave record which extends from the beginning to the middle
of February. The number of days of leave would not have changed and the information
would be incorrect.
In master data, the time constraint is a definite feature of the infotype or subtype. There
are no time dependencies between infotypes and subtypes.
Time data is basically different. Let us assume that an employee becomes sick during
vacation. The leave record is then delimited on the first day of the sickness, and the
sickness record follows.
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Likewise, the system prohibits the entry of a leave record that coincides with a sickness
record. The same also applies to overtime during a sickness.
The time dependency of time infotype records is not limited only to dependencies
between records of one and the same infotype, but covers all infotypes and subtypes.
The time constraint of time infotypes is not an attribute but is defined by the
relationships between infotypes.
Moreover, certain time infotype records have specific clock-in/clock out times. Several
records may therefore exist for one infotype on a particular day.
Since views require explicit data and this prerequisite is not fulfilled by time infotypes,
you should not use joins and projections for time data.
Time infotype tables are processed with the LOOP statement since the PROVIDE
statement limits, and thus changes, the infotype begin and end dates to the data selection
period.

Processing 'Time Data'.

Dependence of time data on validity period
Importing time data
Processing time data using internal tables
Time Data and Validity Period
Time data always applies to a specific validity period.
The validity periods of different types of time data are not always the same as the date
selection period specified in the selection screen.
Date selection period |---------------|
Leave |-------------|
PROVIDE in this case is therefore not used for time infotypes.

Importing Time Data

GET PERNR reads all time infotypes from the lowest to highest system data, not only
those within the date selection period.
To prevent memory overload, add MODE N to the infotype declaration. This prevents
the logical database from importing all data into infotype tables at GET PERNR.
Use macro RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY to fill infotype table.
INFOTYPES: 2001 MODE N.
GET PERNR.
RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
LOOP AT P0021.
If P0021-XYZ = ' '. A=B. Endif.
ENDLOOP.

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Processing Time Data

Once data is imported into infotype tables, you can use an internal table to process the
interested data.
DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
BUKRS LIKE P0001-BUKRS, "COMPANY
WERKS LIKE P0001-WERKS, "PERSONNEL AREA
AWART LIKE P2001-AWART, "ABS./ATTEND. TYPE
ASWTG LIKE P2001-ASWTG, "ABS./ATTEND. DAYS
END OF ITAB.
GET PERNR.
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0001 SAPCE PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BUKRS = P0001-BURKS. ITAB-WERKS = P0001-WERKS.
RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
LOOP AT P2001.
ITAB-AWART = P2001-AWART. ITAB-ASWTG = P2001-ASWTG.
COLLECT ITAB. (OR: APPEND ITAB.)
ENDLOOP.

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Cluster Tables and Payroll :

Cluster tables combine the data from several tables with identical (or almost identical)
keys into one physical record on the database.
Data is written to a database in compressed form.
Retrieval of data is very fast if the primary key is known.
Cluster tables are defined in the data dictionary as transparent tables.
External programs can NOT interpret the data in a cluster table.
Special language elements EXPORT TO DATABASE, IMPORT TO DATABASE
and DELETE FROM DATABASE are used to process data in the cluster tables.
PCL1 - Database for HR work area;
PCL2 - Accounting Results (time, travel expense and payroll);
PCL3 - Applicant tracking data;
PCL4 - Documents, Payroll year-end Tax data

Database Tables PCLn

PCLn database tables are divided into subareas known as data clusters.
Data Clusters are identified by a two-character code. e.g RU for US payroll result,
B2 for time evaluation result...
Each HR subarea has its own cluster.
Each subarea has its own key.
Database Table PCL1
The database table PCL1 contains the following data areas:
B1 time events/PDC
G1 group incentive wages
L1 individual incentive wages
PC personal calendar
TE travel expenses/payroll results
TS travel expenses/master data
TX infotype texts
ZI PDC interface -> cost account

Database Table PCL2

The database table PCL2 contains the following data areas:
B2 time accounting results
CD cluster directory of the CD manager
PS generated schemas
PT texts for generated schemas
RX payroll accounting results/international
Rn payroll accounting results/country-specific ( n = HR country indicator )
ZL personal work schedule
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Database Table PCL3

The database table PCL3 contains the following data areas:
AP action log / time schedule
TY texts for applicant data infotypes
Data Management of PCLn
The ABAP commands IMPORT and EXPORT are used for management of read/write to
database tables PCLn.
A unique key has to be used when reading data from or writing data to the PCLn.
Field Name KEY Length Text
MANDT X 3 Client
RELID X 2 Relation ID (RU,B2..)
SRTFD X 40 Work Area Key
SRTF2 X 4 Sort key for dup. key
Cluster Definition
The data definition of a work area for PCLn is specified in separate programs which
comply with fixed naming conventions.
They are defined as INCLUDE programs (RPCnxxy0). The following naming convention
applies:
n = 1 or 2 (PCL1 or PCL2)
xx = Relation ID (e.g. RX)
y = 0 for international clusters or country indicator (T500L) for different country cluster

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Payroll is used to calculate the remuneration for work done for each employee. SAP
Payroll delivers powerful and efficient gross-to-net, net-to-gross, regular and off-cycle
payroll processing. SAP's complex Payroll process handles everything including
vacation policies, compensation programs, work schedules, Holidays, overtime pay etc.
SAP's ESS (Employee Self Service) function allows employees to view, create and
maintain data anytime, anywhere, via Web-based technology and interactive voice
response functionality. ESS is an effective means for providing real-time access and data
maintenance capabilities to the source or owner of the data. It has the ability to offload
much of the data entry and related customer service activities that may be typically
performed in an organization's human resources, payroll, benefits and purchasing
departments.

Payroll accounting calculates the payment of work done by an employee. Payroll

function does the following:

Compute employees gross salary

Make necessary deductions
Calculate Net salary
Generate Checks or direct deposits.

Payroll components include:

Payroll area - groups employees based on the frequency of their paydates. eg. Z1
for salaried staff paid monthly.
Control Record - It determines the current payroll period for a payroll area.
Period Modifier - Period in which payroll accounting is carried out. eg. 10 - for
monthly pay periods.
Date Modifier - Distinguishes periods with same frequency but different date.
Eg. 10 - for monthly pay period but with the pay date being 5th of every month.
Payroll Calendar - Generating calendars for cumulating wage types to get
monthly, quaterly or yearly sum totals.
Payscale type - used for segregation of employees payscales based on the type of
union contracts in a company. Eg. 10 - non union workers 20 - collective
agreement for secretaries contract.
Payscale area - Differentiates payscales based on geographical area. Eg. 10 California.
Payscale group - Differentiates employees payscales based on functionality. Eg.
GR01 - grouping for junior clerks, GR02 - for senior clerks.
Payscale level - Subdivision of employees payscales. Eg. L1 - level 1 clerk, L2 level 2 clerk.
Wage types - The payments and deductions for an employee are coded as wage
types. Eg. A001 - salary payment, B001 - 401K deduction.

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Payroll Infotypes: Payroll data is stored in various infotypes, which includes, 0001,
0007, 0008, 0009, 0207, 0208, 0209, 0210, 0234. These infotypes maintain personal
details, payment and deduction info, benefits data, garnishment data, tax data, etc.
Payroll Process involves:

Maintaining payroll related infotypes

Periodic payroll run
Transferring data to FI/CO
Transferring third party remittance data to Accounts Payable
Tax reporting
Standard reporting

Payroll program name: RPCALCx0

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Broadly speaking, payroll accounting is the calculation of payment for work

performed by each employee. More specifically, however, payroll accounting
comprises a number of work processes including the generation of payroll results and
remuneration statements, bank transfers and check payments.
Payroll accounting also includes a number of subsequent activities:
transfer of payroll results to Accounting
various evaluations, such as evaluating the payroll account.
etc.

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The calculation of payment comprises two main steps:

Calculation of remuneration elements
Statutory and voluntary deductions (country-specific)
Both the remuneration elements and the statutory and voluntary deductions consist of
individual payments and deductions, which are calculated for an employee during a
payroll period. These payments and deductions are included in the payment
calculation by means of different wage types.
The employee is usually paid by bank transfer or check and the payment amount is
printed in a form for the employee.

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The remuneration elements for an employee are formed from individual wage and
salary types that are used during a payroll period. Payments such as basic pay, various
bonuses and gratuities are included in the remuneration calculation. Deductions can
be made for items such as a company-owned flat, company-sponsored day care or
similar benefits. Different factors determine whether such benefits increase or reduce
the taxable income. This is determined by country-specific regulations and, in some
countries, the philosophy of the company.
An employee's remuneration consists of all wage types calculated for him or her
during a payroll period.

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Voluntary and statutory deductions, such as tax and social insurance contributions,
are taken from the gross calculation to determine the payment amount. Different
gross values, for example, total gross amount, and gross tax amount, are used to
calculate the deductions. For this reason, different totals are formed during the payroll
run, and these totals are be used for subsequent processing.

The Payroll Run steps

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The payroll program is usually run separately for different employee groups. A
typical example is that of salaried employees and hourly employees, for whom
payroll is performed using two different payroll periods. The payroll area determines
when payroll is run.
The payroll area serves two functions, both of which are prerequisites for running the
payroll. The payroll area groups together personnel numbers that must be processed
in the same payroll run
The payroll area determines the payroll period.
Employees for whom payroll is performed at the same time and for the same payroll
period are assigned to the same payroll area. Personnel numbers are assigned to a
payroll area in the Organizational Assignment infotype (0001).

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The personnel numbers to be included in the payroll run are selected by specifying a
payroll area in the payroll driver selection screen. The payroll period is transferred
directly from the payroll control record to the payroll program.
In a live run, the payroll period is determined by the system. The last period to be
included in a payroll run is stored in the payroll control record for each payroll area.
The current payroll period is, therefore, the last period to be included in a payroll run,
plus one.
Hint: Payroll driver should be started by Personnel Number or Payroll Area only.

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The structure of PCLn database tables provides a basic structure for individual
subareas.
The name of each subarea must include a two-character cluster name or relation ID.
A key structure must also be defined; 40 bytes are available in field SRTFD for this
purpose.
In the international payroll results, for example, the field RELID contains the cluster
name RX and the field SRTFD contains the eight-digit personnel number as well as a
five-digit sequence number for each individual payroll result for a payroll period.
To enable the import of a record from a PCLn database table, the RELID field must
contain the cluster identifier and the SRTFD field must contain the cluster key. The
fields CLIENT and SRTF2 are filled by the system.

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If data is imported using macros, the data records are not read directly from table
PCLn. Instead, the buffer directory is checked to determine whether the main memory
already contains a record with the same key. If this is not the case, the record is read
from PCLn to the buffer, and retrieved from the buffer by the report.
If data is read using a buffer, the system checks the cluster authorization. The
standard import programs follow the RPCLSTxy naming convention, where xy =
cluster name.

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With this report, you can display the payroll results for any country. The indicator
behind each name shows whether results exist in the selected period.
Green:
Results exist
Red:
No results exist
Gray:
No authorization for displaying personnel numbers
Payroll results are stored as structures and internal tables on the database.
Each payroll result has a status indicator:
A =
Current result
P =
Previous result
O =
All other results

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The payroll driver, RPCALCn0, uses HR data (stored in the database tables PAnnnn)
and the last payroll result (stored in the database table PCL2) to run the payroll for the
specified period
The program (payroll driver) imports the processing logic in the form of a schema.
The schema contains functions that call the subroutines contained in the payroll
driver. In many cases, the function is enhanced by rules for specific control of the
subroutines.
The payroll result generated by the payroll driver is stored in cluster xy of the
database table PCL2.
Report H99_DISPLAY_PAYRESULT displays the payroll results for PCL2 and,
from Release 4.6C, replaces reports RPCLSTxy and HxyCLSTR. The report is used
in all country versions and the overview of payroll results is automatically displayed
according to the particular country.
Report RPCEDTn0, for example, lists the formatted result as a payroll form (n = HR
country indicator from table T500L).

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Look at the
example below

Exporting/Importing DB Tables in HR Displaying the Last Payroll Result

At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

Read the cluster directory with CU_READ_RGDIR.

Process the cluster directory with CD_READ_LAST.

Read the payroll result with PYXX_READ_PAYROLL_RESULT.

Display the wage types from the results table RT.

Suppose you need a report with a list of wage types from the results table for the current
(last) payroll result in a for-period.
Write a report to import the results of international payroll to cluster RX and then display
them. The report should evaluate the last payroll result for the for-period. Test your
program using the personnel number assigned by your trainer.
The created list should contain the following information for each employee:
1st line:

- Personnel number
- Name
- Personnel area

2nd line:

- For-period
- For-payroll area

3rd line:

- In-period
- In-payroll area

4th line:

- Wage type
- Wage type text
- Amount

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Take the name of the employee from the field P0001-ENAME.

The information on the period and payroll area can be found in the fields for
the field string VERSC, which is a structure in cluster RX.

First use function module CU_READ_RGDIR to read table RGDIR from

cluster CU. To determin the spequential number for the last payroll result,
transfer table RGDIR to function module CD_READ_LAST.

Then read the payroll result for the sequential number you have determined
using the function module PYXX_READ_PAYROLL_RESULT.

The wage types and amounts are saved in table RT. The text belonging to the
wage types can be found in table T512T. Only display the first 15 characters
of the employee name.

REPORT zpsol080.
TABLES: pernr,
t512t.
"Wage type texts
INFOTYPES: 0001. "Organizational Assignment
*Table data containing directory to PCL2 payroll results
file
DATA: BEGIN OF rgdir OCCURS 100.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE pc261.
DATA: END OF rgdir.
DATA: result TYPE pay99_result.
DATA: rt_header TYPE LINE OF hrpay99_rt.
DATA: country LIKE t001p-molga,
number LIKE pc261-seqnr. "Number of last payroll
result
GET pernr.
rp_provide_from_last p0001 space pn-begda pn-endda.
CALL FUNCTION 'CU_READ_RGDIR'
EXPORTING
persnr
= p0001-pernr
IMPORTING
molga
= country
TABLES
in_rgdir
= rgdir
EXCEPTIONS
no_record_found = 1
OTHERS
= 2.
IF sy-subrc = 1.
WRITE: / 'No records found for '(001), pernr-pernr.
ENDIF.
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CALL FUNCTION 'CD_READ_LAST'

EXPORTING
begin_date
= pn-begda
end_date
= pn-endda
IMPORTING
out_seqnr
= number
TABLES
rgdir
= rgdir
EXCEPTIONS
no_record_found = 1
OTHERS
= 2.

*
*
*
*
*
*

IF sy-subrc = 1.
WRITE: / 'No payroll result found for'(002), pn-paper.
ELSE.
CALL FUNCTION 'PYXX_READ_PAYROLL_RESULT'
EXPORTING
clusterid
= 'RX'
employeenumber
= p0001-pernr
sequencenumber
= number
READ_ONLY_BUFFER
= ' '
READ_ONLY_INTERNATIONAL
= ' '
CHECK_READ_AUTHORITY
= 'X'
IMPORTING
VERSION_NUMBER_PAYVN
=
VERSION_NUMBER_PCL2
=
CHANGING
payroll_result
= result
EXCEPTIONS
illegal_isocode_or_clusterid = 1
error_generating_import
= 2
import_mismatch_error
= 3
subpool_dir_full
= 4
no_read_authority
= 5
no_record_found = 6
versions_do_not_match
= 7
OTHERS
= 8.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
PERFORM print_rx.
ELSE.
WRITE: / 'Result could not be read (003).
ENDIF.
ENDIF.

*-----------------------------------------------------------*
*
FORM PRINT_RX
*
*-----------------------------------------------------------*
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*
Print Payroll Result
*
*-----------------------------------------------------------*
FORM print_rx.
FORMAT INTENSIFIED ON.
WRITE: / p0001-pernr,
p0001-ename(15),
p0001-werks,
p0001-btrtl.
FORMAT INTENSIFIED OFF.
SKIP 1.
WRITE: / 'For period/payroll area: '(004),
30 result-inter-versc-fpper+4(2),
result-inter-versc-fpper+0(4),
result-inter-versc-abkrs,
/ 'In-period/payroll area: '(005),
30 result-inter-versc-inper+4(2),
result-inter-versc-inper+0(4),
result-inter-versc-iabkrs.
SKIP 1.
WRITE: 'Results table: '(006).
SKIP 1.

LOOP AT result-inter-rt INTO rt_header.

PERFORM re512t USING result-inter-versc-molga
rt_header-lgart.
WRITE: / rt_header-lgart,
T512T-LGTXT,
rt_header-betrg CURRENCY rt_header-amt_curr.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
*-----------------------------------------------------------*
*
FORM RE512T
*
*-----------------------------------------------------------*
*
Read Wage Type Texts
*-----------------------------------------------------------*
FORM re512t USING value(country_grouping)
value(wtype).
CHECK t512t-sprsl NE sy-langu
OR t512t-molga NE country_grouping
OR t512t-lgart NE wtype.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM t512t
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WHERE sprsl EQ sy-langu
AND
molga EQ country_grouping
AND
lgart EQ wtype.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
CLEAR t512t.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
*END*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

User Exits
Enhancement PBAS0001 has two function exits.

Function exit EXIT_SAPFP50M_001 allows customer-specific defaults to be

entered in a single screen when infotypes are created or copied.
User exit name : ZXPADU01

Function exit EXIT_SAPF50M_002 allows an additional customer-specific check

to be performed after data has been entered in a single screen and the fields have
been validated.
User Exit name: ZXPADU02

REPORT zuexit_amar_ar .
*(This program when executed will give you all the user
exit *associated
*with the Tcode. Click on the exit you will be taken to
the SMODE.
*Select the components radio button and click on
display.You will be
*taken to the function module exit. Clicking on the
function exit you
*will be taken to the actual function module which has
the include in
*it where you need to put the extra code).

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TABLES : tstc, tadir, modsapt, modact, trdir, tfdir,

enlfdir.
TABLES : tstct.
DATA : jtab LIKE tadir OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA : field1(30).
DATA : v_devclass LIKE tadir-devclass.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK selection
WITH FRAME TITLE text-z80.
PARAMETERS : p_tcode LIKE tstc-tcode OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK selection.

SELECT SINGLE * FROM tstc WHERE tcode EQ p_tcode.

IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM tadir WHERE pgmid = 'R3TR'
AND object = 'PROG'
AND obj_name = tstc-pgmna.
MOVE : tadir-devclass TO v_devclass.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM trdir WHERE name = tstc-pgmna.
IF trdir-subc EQ 'F'.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM tfdir WHERE pname = tstcpgmna.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM enlfdir WHERE funcname =
tfdir-funcname.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM tadir WHERE pgmid = 'R3TR'
AND object = 'FUGR'
AND obj_name EQ enlfdir-area.
MOVE : tadir-devclass TO v_devclass.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
SELECT * FROM tadir INTO TABLE jtab
WHERE pgmid = 'R3TR'
AND object = 'SMOD'
AND devclass = v_devclass.
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SELECT SINGLE * FROM tstct WHERE sprsl EQ sy-langu AND

tcode EQ p_tcode.
FORMAT COLOR COL_POSITIVE INTENSIFIED OFF.
WRITE:/(19) 'Transaction Code - ',
20(20) p_tcode,
45(50) tstct-ttext.
SKIP.
IF NOT jtab[] IS INITIAL.
WRITE:/(95) sy-uline.
FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INTENSIFIED ON.
WRITE:/1 sy-vline,
2 'Exit Name',
21 sy-vline ,
22 'Description',
95 sy-vline.
WRITE:/(95) sy-uline.
LOOP AT jtab.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM modsapt
WHERE sprsl = sy-langu AND
name = jtab-obj_name.
FORMAT COLOR COL_NORMAL INTENSIFIED OFF.
WRITE:/1 sy-vline,
2 jtab-obj_name HOTSPOT ON,
21 sy-vline ,
22 modsapt-modtext,
95 sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
WRITE:/(95) sy-uline.
DESCRIBE TABLE jtab.
SKIP.
FORMAT COLOR COL_TOTAL INTENSIFIED ON.
WRITE:/ 'No of Exits:' , sy-tfill.
ELSE.
FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INTENSIFIED ON.
WRITE:/(95) 'No User Exit exists'.
ENDIF.
ELSE.
FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INTENSIFIED ON.
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WRITE:/(95) 'Transaction Code Does Not Exist'.

ENDIF.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
GET CURSOR FIELD field1.
CHECK field1(4) EQ 'JTAB'.
SET PARAMETER ID 'MON' FIELD sy-lisel+1(10).
CALL TRANSACTION 'SMOD' AND SKIP FIRST
SCREEN.

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HR Transactions

Master
PA10
PA20
PA30
PA40
PA41
PA42
PRMD
PRMF
PRML
PRMM
PRMO
PRMP
PRMS
PRMT
PSO3
PSO4

Data
Personnel File
Display HR Master Data
Maintain HR Master Data
Personnel Events
Change Hiring Data
Fast Data Entry for Events
Maintain HR Master Data
Travel Expenses: Feature TRVFD
Set Country Grouping via Popup
Personnel Events
Travel Expenses: Feature TRVCO
Travel Expenses: Feature TRVPA
Display HR Master Data
Update Matchcode
Infotype overview
Individual maintenance of infotypes

Time Management
PA51
Display Time Data
PA53
Display Time Data
PA61
Maintain Time Data
PA62
List Entry of Additional Data
PA63
Maintain Time Data
PA64
Calendar Entry
PA70
Fast Data Entry
PA71
Fast Entry of Time Data
PBAB
Maintain vacancy assignments
PT01
Create Work Schedule
PT02
Change Work Schedule
PT03
Display Work Schedules
Payroll
PC00
Run Payroll
PC10
Payroll menu USA
PE00
Starts Transactions PE01,PE02,PE03
PE01
Schemas
PE02
Calculation Rules
PE03
Features
PE04
Create functions and operations
PE51
HR form editor
PRCA
Payroll calendar
PRCT
Current Settings
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PRCU
PRD1
SM31
SM12
TSTC
SPR0
SE16
PP03
PP0M
P013
PO03

Printing Checks USA

Create DME
Maintain Tables
Locked Secessions
Table lookup
IMG
Data Browser (Table reports)
PD Tables
Change Org Unit
Maintain Positions
Maintain Jobs

Benefits
PA85
Benefits - Call RPLBEN11
PA86
Benefits - Call RPLBEN07
PA87
Benefits - Call RPLBEN09
PA89
COBRA Administration
PA90
Benefits Enrollment Individual
PA91
Benefits - Forms
PA92
Benefits Tables - Maintain
PA93
Benefits Tables - Display
PA94
Benefits - Access Reporting Tree
PA95
Benefits IMG - Jump to Views
PA96
Benefits reporting
PA97
Salary Administration - Matrix
PA98
Salary Administration
PA99
Compensation Admin. - rel.changes
PACP
HR-CH: Pension fund, interface
Payroll
PC00
Run Payroll
PC10
Payroll menu USA
PE00
Starts Transactions PE01,PE02,PE03
PE01
Schemas
PE02
Calculation Rules
PE03
Features
PE04
Create functions and operations
PE51
HR form editor
PRCA
Payroll calendar
PRCT
Current Settings
PRCU
Printing Checks USA
PRD1
Create DME
SM31 Maintain Tables
SM12 Locked Secessions
TSTC Table lookup
SPR0 IMG
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SE16
PP03
PP0M
P013
PO03

Data Browser (Table reports)

PD Tables
Change Org Unit
Maintain Positions
Maintain Jobs

Benefits
PA85
Benefits - Call RPLBEN11
PA86
Benefits - Call RPLBEN07
PA87
Benefits - Call RPLBEN09
PA89
COBRA Administration
PA90
Benefits Enrollment Individual
PA91
Benefits - Forms
PA92
Benefits Tables - Maintain
PA93
Benefits Tables - Display
PA94
Benefits - Access Reporting Tree
PA95
Benefits IMG - Jump to Views
PA96
Benefits reporting
PA97
Salary Administration - Matrix
PA98
Salary Administration
PA99
Compensation Admin. - rel.changes
PACP
HR-CH: Pension fund, interface
General/Reporting
PM00
Menu for HR Reports
PM01
Dialogs in HR - Create custom infotypes
PRF0
Standard Form
PSVT
Dynamic Tools Menu
PAR1
Flexible employee data
PAR2
Employee list
PD - Organizational Management
PP0M Change Org Unit
PO03 Maintain Jobs
PO13
Maintain Position
PO10
Maintain Organizational Unit
PP01
Maintain Plan Data (menu-guided)
PP02
Maintain Plan Data (Open)
PP03
Maintain Plan Data (event-guided)
PP05
Number Ranges
PP06
Number Range Maintenance: HRADATA
PP07
Tasks/Descriptions
PP69
Choose Text for Organizational Unit
PP90
Set Up Organization
PPO1
Change Cost Center Assignment
PPO2
Display Cost Center Assignment
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PPO3
PPO4
PPO5
PPO6
PPOA
PPOC
PPOM
PPOS
PQ01
PQ02
PQ03
PQ04
PQ06
PQ07
PQ08
PQ09
PQ10
PQ11
PQ12
PQ13
PQ14
PQ15
PSO5
PSOA
PSOC
PSOG
PSOI
PSOO
PSOS
PSOT

Change Reporting Structure

Display Reporting Structure
Change Object Indicators (O/S)
Change Object Indicators O/S
Display Menu Interface (with dyn.)
Create Organizational Unit
Maintain Organizational Plan
Display Organizational Plan
Events for Work Center
Events for Training Program
Events for Job
Events for Business Event Type
Location Events
Resource Events
Events for External Person
Events for Business Event Group
Events for Organizational Unit
Events for Qualification
Resource Type Events
Events for Position
Events for Task
Events for Company
PD: Administration Tools
Work Center Reporting
Job Reporting
OrgManagement General Reporting
Tools Integration PA-PD
Organizational Unit Reporting
Position Reporting
Task Reporting

Recruitment
PB10
Init.entry of applicant master data
PB20
Display applicant master data
PB30
Maintain applicant master data
PB40
Applicant events
PB50
Display applicant actions
PB60
Maintain applicant actions
PB80
Evaluate vacancies
PBA0
Evaluate advertisements
PBA1
Applicant index
PBA2
List of applications
PBA3
Applicant vacancy assignment list
PBA4
Receipt of application

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Useful programs for Schemas and PCRs

RPUCTF00

Change Attributes for Schemas and

PCRs (change owner)

RPUCTI00

Lists Subschemas not called up in any

other schema

RPUCTJ00

Lists Personnel Calculation Rules

which are not called up

RPUCCOSE

Source text search in PC rules

RPUCTX00

Copy Personnel Calculation Rules from

client 000 to other clients

RPUSCD10

Schema directory useful after LCP

to see changed schemas, also shows
who changed it last and when

RPUCTC00

Displays PCRs full source text

Time Management
RPTQTA10

Display Leave Quotas

RPTQTA00

Bulk Leave Quotas Update

RPTLEACONV

Transfer of Remaining Leave from

Infotype 0005 to Infotype 2006

Wage Type Utilities

RPU12W0C

(HR utility 512W-classes) allows you

to reload backups of specific
processing classes, cumulations and
evaluation classes created with
RPU12W0S in T512W

RPU12W0S

Creates a backup of T512W in T599U or

reloads
the backup into T512W.

RPU99U0V

Displays T599U

RPU5XX0D

Generically deletes entries in T599U,

T512W or T512T

Other Useful programs

RSHOWTIM

Displays tips and tricks for ABAP

Programming

RSANAL00

Program analysis

RSABAPIV

Lists all ABAP commands

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RCCLBISC

Display contents of logical filename

RPUTRBK0

Updates infotype 0003 dates after

data transfer

RPUEUSUP

Activate Additional Actions infotype

0302

RPUDEL20

Deletes payroll results (be careful

!)

RPDSYS00

Display System Documentation

RSBDCSUB

Release batch-input sessions

automaticly

RSUSR006

List users last login

RSPARAM

Display all instance parameters

RPABRIDD

Deletes data in payroll infotypes

RPUPROTU

maintain/delete the log of report

starts

RPINCL10

Use RPINCL10 to search through ABAP

source code

RPCIFU03

Move TemSe Unix file (e.g. BACS

transfer) to PC file

RPLTEMV0

File transfer between TemSe and disc

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References:
The following documents from SAP were referred to do this document:
HR 350
HR 550
HR 050
HR 530
HR 580
The following websites were referred to do this document:
www.planetsap.com
www.atomhr.com
www.sap-img.com
www.abaptools.com
The online help of SAP was also used to do this document.
The following tools were used to do this document:
Snagit
Smart draw
Mspaint

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Document by:- Amar Chintam