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    WHOLENUMBERS

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    nanteni
    notes on whole number form 1 maths

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    WHOLENUMBERS

    Uploaded by

    nanteni
    31 views19 pages
    notes on whole number form 1 maths

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    notes on whole number form 1 maths

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views19 pages

    WHOLENUMBERS

    Uploaded by

    nanteni
    notes on whole number form 1 maths

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    WHOLE NUMBERS

    WHOLE NUMBERS
    1. Whole numbers are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,....
    2. (Zero) is the first whole number.
    3. Whole numbers can be written in words or figures.
    4. Each whole number is made up of the digits from 0 to 9.
    For example:(a) 304 is made up of the digits 3,0 and 4.
    It is read as 'three hundred and four'.
    (b) 4263 is made up of the digits 4, 2, 6 and 3.
    It is read as 'four thousand two hundred
    and sixty-three'
    A) Place Value and Value of Each Digit in Whole Numbers.
    1. Each digit in a whole number has its own place value.
    2. The place values for whole numbers include units (ones),
    tens, hundred, thousand, hundred, thousand, ten thousand,
    millions and so on.
    3. The value of a digit in a whole number depends on its place value.

    5 972 436 is read as 'five million nine hundred and seventy-four


    thousand two hundred and thirty -six.
    Worked Example
    Write the following in words.
    (a) 530 274
    Solution
    (a) five hundred and thirty thousand two hundred and seventy-four.
    Worked Example
    Write the following in figures.
    (a) five thousand six hundred and twenty-four.
    Solution
    (a) 5 624
    Worked Example
    State the place value of digit 7 in each of the following numbers.
    (a) 573

    (c) 307 842

    (b) 9 704

    (d) 7 951 650

    Solution
    (a) ten
    (b) hundred

    (c) thousand
    (d) millions

    Worked Example
    State the value of digit 9 in each of the following numbers.
    (a) 391

    (c) 29 710

    (b) 9 004

    (d) 4 951 650

    Solution
    (a) 90

    (c) 9 000

    (b) 9 000

    (d) 900 000

    B) Rounding off Numbers


    A number can be rounded off to a certain place value by following the
    rules below. Look at the digit on the right next to the place value involved.
    (a) If the digit is 5 more, add 1 to the digit at the place value involved and
    replace all the other digits on its right with zeros.
    (b) If the digit is less than 5, retain the digit as it is at the place value
    involved and replace the other digits on its right with zeros.

    c) Estimation
    1.In our daily life, we use estimation when an accurate answer is unnecessary.
    2. We often use rounding off to give an estimation to the actual value.

    ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION


    OF WHOLE NUMBERS.
    A) Addition
    1. Addition is a process of finding the total of two or more numbers.
    2. The total is also known as the sum.
    For example:The sum of 300 and 5 000 is 5 300.
    3. The order of addition of numbers does not change sum.

    4.The sum of any number and 0 is the number itself.


    For example:(a) 12 + 0 = 12
    (b) 0 + 6 = 6

    5. Follow the steps below when carrying out addition.


    Step 1:- Arrange the numbers according to their place values.
    Step 2:- Add from right to left.

    B) Problem Solving involving Addition


    Worked Example
    There are 25 apples, 3 760 durians and 948 oranges in Mr Tan's stall.
    Find the total number of fruits in his stall.
    Solution
    1. Understand the problem
    Given information:Number of apples

    = 25

    Number of durian

    = 3 760

    Number of oranges = 9 48
    Find:- Total number of fruits
    2. Devise a plan
    Use addition.
    3. Carry out the plan

    4. Check
    Add again to see if the answer is the same.
    c) Subtraction
    1. Subtraction is a process of finding the difference between two numbers.
    For example:65 - 20 = 45 (Difference or remainder)
    2. The difference between two same numbers is 0.
    For example:19 - 19 = 0
    3. When we subtract 0 from a number, the number remains the same.
    For example:75 - 0 = 75
    4. Follow the steps below when carrying out subtraction.
    Step 1:- Arrange the numbers according to their place values.
    Step 2:- Subtract or minus from right to left.
    5. Addition is the inverse of subtraction.
    For example:76 - 15 = 61
    62 - 15 = 47

    D) Problem Solving Involving Subtraction.


    Worked Example
    There are 1 244 male students in a college.If the number female students
    is 327 less than the number of male students, how many female students
    are there?
    Solution
    1. Understand the problem
    Given information:Number of male students = 1 244
    The number of female students is 327 less
    than the number of male students.
    2. Devise a plan
    Use subtraction.
    3. Carry out the plan

    4. Check
    Use addition to check.

    MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION


    OF WHOLE NUMBERS
    A) Multiplication
    1. Multiplication is a process of repeated addition.

    2.Changing the order of numbers in multiplication does


    not affect the product.
    For example:-

    6 3 = 18
    3 6 = 18

    3. The product of any number and 0 is 0.


    For example:-

    10 0 = 0
    0 10 = 0

    4. A number multiplied by 1 is the number itself.


    For example:-

    36 1 = 36

    Worked example
    Find the product of 42 and 426.
    Solution

    B)Problem Solving involving Multiplication


    Worked example
    Marrion can sew 45 handkerchiefs in one day.
    How many can she sew in a week?
    Solution
    1.Understand the problem
    Given information:Number of handkerchiefs sewn in one day
    = 45
    Find: Total number of handkerchiefs sewn
    in a week.
    2. Devise a plan
    Use multiplication.
    3.Carry out the plan

    4. Check
    Multiply again to see if you gate the same answer.
    C) DIVISION

    1. Division is equal gathering or equal sharing.

    2. When a number is divided by 0, it cannot be defined.


    For example:8 0 cannot be defined.
    3. When a number is divided by 1, the quotient is the
    number itself.
    For example:51=5
    4. When 0 is divided by any number, the quotient is 0.
    For example:0 58 = 0
    5. Changing the order of numbers in division will affect
    the answer.
    For example:-

    Worked Example
    (a)Divide 1 694 by 14
    (b) Find the value 925 4
    Solution

    D) Problem Solving involving Division

    Worked Example
    160 table are arranged equally in 10 rows.
    How many table are there in each row?
    Solution
    1. Understand the problem
    160 table are arranged equally in 10 rows.
    2. Devise a plan
    Use division.
    3. Carry out the plan

    Therefore, there are 16 table in a row.


    4. Check
    Check by multiplication.
    10 x 16 = 160
    COMBINED OPERATIONS OF
    WHOLE NUMBERS
    A) Combined Operations involving
    Addition and Subtraction
    For combined operations involving addition and subtraction,
    calculate from left to right.
    Worked Example
    Find the value of each of the following.
    (a) 22 + 18 - 24
    (b) 230 - 165 + 8
    Solution

    B) Problem Solving involving


    Addition and Subtraction
    Worked Example
    A basket contains 32 fruits. 11 are taken out and then 21
    are added in. How many fruits are there in the basket now?
    Solution
    1. Understand the problem
    Given information:Number of fruits in the basket = 32
    Number of fruits taken out

    = 11

    Number of fruits added in

    = 21

    2. Devise a plan
    Perform subtraction followed by addition.
    3. Carry out the plan
    32 - 11 + 21
    = 21 + 21
    = 42
    Therefore, 42 fruits are in the basket now.

    4. Check

    C) Combined Operations involving


    Multiplication and Division
    For combined operations involving multiplication
    and division, calculate also from left to right.
    Worked Example
    Find the value of each of the following.
    (a) 18 x 7 3
    (b) 600 8 x 5
    Solution

    D) Problem Solving involving


    Multiplication and Division
    Worked Example
    Sasha, Hanim and Akma bought 20 novels
    costing RM16 each. They shared the cost
    equally. Find the amount paid by each of them.
    Solution

    1. Understand the problem


    Given information:Number of novels bought by Sasha, Hanim
    and Akma = 20
    Cost of each novels = RM 16
    Find: Amount paid by each of them
    2. Devise a plan
    Perform multiplication followed by division.
    3. Carry out the plan
    21 x RM16 3
    = RM 336 3
    = RM 112
    The amount paid by each of them was
    RM 112.
    4. Check
    21 x RM16 = 336
    3 x RM 112 = 336
    E) Combined Operation involving +, -, x and
    For combined operations where addition, subtraction,
    multiplication, and division are involved, perform multiplication
    and divition before addition and subtraction.
    Worked Example
    Simplify

    (a) 7 x 40 - 10 x 11
    (b) 48 + 32 x 24 6 -2
    Solution

    F) Combined Operations involving Brackets


    1. For combined operations involving brackets,
    work the calculation within the brackets first.
    Worked Example
    1. Solve each of the following.
    (a) 6 x ( 6 - 2 ) ( 9 - 6 )
    (b) 20 x (2 + 28 4 ) - 95
    Solution
    (a) 6 ( 6 - 2 ) ( 8 - 2 )
    =6x46
    = 24 6

    =4
    (b) 20 x ( 2 + 28 4 ) - 95
    = 20 x ( 2 + 7 ) - 95
    = 20 x 9 - 95
    = 180 - 95
    = 85
    2. Brackets are also operative symbol for multiplication.
    For example:( 8 - 3 ) ( 9 - 5 ) -10
    = ( 5 ) ( 4 ) - 10
    = 20 - 10
    = 10
    G) Problem Solving involving +, -, x, and Brackets
    Worked Example
    Azan and Amir have 7 and 15 bottles of marble.
    If each bottle has 55 marble in it, Find the total
    number of marbles.
    Solution
    1. Understand the problem
    Given information:
    Number of bottles bought by Azan = 7
    Number of bottles bought by Amir = 15
    Number of marbles in each bottles = 55

    Find: Total number of marbles


    2. Devise a plan
    Perform addition within the brackets and followed
    by multiplication.
    3. Carry out the plan
    ( 7 + 15 ) x 55 = 22 x 55
    = 1 210
    Therefore, the total number of marbles is 1 210.
    4. Check
    22 - 15 = 7
    1 210 55 = 22
    Worked Example
    Mr Lee bought 8 Dozens exercise books. He give
    26 of them to his daughter. He then distributed the
    rest evenly to his 3 sons. How many exercise books
    were given to each of his sons?
    Solution
    ( 8 x 12 - 21) 3
    = ( 96 - 21 ) 3
    = 75 3
    = 25
    25 exercise books were given to each of his sons.

    copyright 2005 Kenshido International Sdn Bhd

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