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Transducer and Sensor Problem

This document discusses various resistive, strain gauge, and capacitive transducer problems: 1) A potentiometer transducer with 24 kΩ resistance is used to measure displacements between 20-60 mm. Loading errors of 26.22% and requiring a voltmeter of 172 kΩ to reduce the error to ±3% are calculated. 2) A potentiometer's sensitivity of 4 V/cm without loading and 46.4% loading error at 15 cm displacement into a 5000 Ω recorder are determined. 3) Resistance changes of 1% and unlisted values are calculated for strain gauges measuring different pressures and strains, along with an unlisted strain value from a bridge balance.

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379 views

Transducer and Sensor Problem

This document discusses various resistive, strain gauge, and capacitive transducer problems: 1) A potentiometer transducer with 24 kΩ resistance is used to measure displacements between 20-60 mm. Loading errors of 26.22% and requiring a voltmeter of 172 kΩ to reduce the error to ±3% are calculated. 2) A potentiometer's sensitivity of 4 V/cm without loading and 46.4% loading error at 15 cm displacement into a 5000 Ω recorder are determined. 3) Resistance changes of 1% and unlisted values are calculated for strain gauges measuring different pressures and strains, along with an unlisted strain value from a bridge balance.

Uploaded by

SIS0111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prepared by: S.

Bhakta (course co-ordinator)

Problems:
Resistive Transducer
Potentiometer
1. In a potentiometer transducer, the potentiometer has a total resistance of 24 k for a total
wiper travel of 120 mm. during a measurement the wiper moves between 20 mm and 60 mm
over the potentiometer.
(a) If the voltmeter of 15 k is used to read the output voltage of the transducer, find out the
error due to the loading effect at the two measuring points. [Ans: error=26.22 %]
(b) If the error due to the loading effect in the above instrumentation is to kept within 3%,
what should be the resistance of the voltmeter? [Ans: 172 k]
2. A potentiometer is used to measure the displacement of a hydraulic arm. The potentiometer is
25 cm long, has a total resistance of 2500 ohms and is operating at 4 W with a voltage
source. it has linear resistance-displacement characteristics. Determine
(a) Sensitivity of the potentiometer in volts/cm (without loading effect) [Ans: 4 V/cm]
(b) Loading error in the measurement of displacement at actual input displacement of 15
cm, when the potentiometer is connected to recorder having a resistance of 5000 ohms.
[Ans: 46.4 %]
Strain Gauge:
1. A strain gauge, having Gf = 2.0 and R= 120 , is used to measure strain generated by
pressure of 50 psi and 50000 psi in aluminum. The corresponding strains are 5 and 5000
micro strain. Calculate the per cent changes of resistance of the strain gauge. [Ans: 1 %]
2. A 100 strain gauge factor 2 is connected to the first arm of a Wheatstone bridge. Under no
strain condition, all the arms have equal resistance. When the gauge is subjected to a strain,
the second arm resistance has to be changed to 100.56 to obtain a balance. Find the value
of strain. [Ans: 0.0028]
3. A resistance of a strain gauge is 12 and its gauge factor is 2. It is connected to a current
sensitive Wheatstone bridge in which all resistances are 120 . If the input voltage is 4 V
and the resistance of the galvanometer is 100 , calculate the detector current in A for 1
micro-strain. Also calculate the voltage output if 1 micro-strain is applied to the gauge and
the voltmeter has infinite input impedance. [9.9 nA, 2V]
4. A gauge, made of a material having a temperature coefficient of resistance of 1210-4 per C,
has a resistance of 120 and a gauge factor of 2. It is connected to a bridge having a
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Prepared by: S. Bhakta (course co-ordinator)

resistance of 120 each. The bridge is balanced at ambient temperature. If the temperature
changes by 20C, find
(a) The output voltage of the bridge if the input voltage is 10 V and [Ans: 0.06 V]
(b) The equivalent strain represented by the change in temperature. [Ans:12000 microstrain]

Capacitive:
1. A capacitive transducer used two quartz diaphragms of area 750 mm 2 separated by a distance
of 3.5 mm. A pressure of 900 kN/m 2 when applied to the top diaphragm produces a
deflection of 0.6 mm. The capacitance is 370 pF when no pressure is applied to the
diaphragms. Find the value of capacitance after the application of a pressure of 900 kN/m 2.
[Ans: 446.5 pF]
2. A pressure measuring instrument uses a capacitive transducer having a spacing of 4 mm
between its diaphragms. A pressure of 600 kN/m2 produces an average deflection of 0.3 mm
of the diaphragm of the transducer. The transducer which has a capacitance of 300 pF before
application of pressure and is an oscillator circuit having a frequency of 100 kHz. Determine
the change frequency of the oscillator after the pressure is applied to the transducer. [Ans:
3.8 kHz]
(continue)

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