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Pipe Thickness

This document provides calculations to determine the required thickness, deflection, buckling pressure, and collapse pressure of a steel pipe with an inner diameter of 4160 mm and outer diameter of 4232 mm. It is determined that with a proposed thickness of 21 mm, the pipe will have less than the allowable 2% deflection and withstand the required buckling and collapse pressures. All criteria are met to ensure the safety and structural integrity of the steel pipe.

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556 views8 pages

Pipe Thickness

This document provides calculations to determine the required thickness, deflection, buckling pressure, and collapse pressure of a steel pipe with an inner diameter of 4160 mm and outer diameter of 4232 mm. It is determined that with a proposed thickness of 21 mm, the pipe will have less than the allowable 2% deflection and withstand the required buckling and collapse pressures. All criteria are met to ensure the safety and structural integrity of the steel pipe.

Uploaded by

vijayunity
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Input Data:

I
(a)

Diameter

4160

Inside Lining

15

Thickness of Plate

21

Outer Diameter

4232

Mean Diameter

4211

Shell ID

4190

Height of Backfill

Hoop Stress:
If Working Pressure is Used
The Nominal Thickness of steel pipe is calculated as given
below, plus the permitted manufacturing tolerance for
reduction in Thickness.
Internal Pressure

10.50

OD of the Pipe

4232

Design factor

0.60

(0.6 if p is the working pressure and 0.9 if p is the test pressure


inclusive of surge pressure)
Minimum yield stress of the steel

2500

Weld efficiency of the joint

0.80

(0.9 for shop welding and 0.8 for field welding)


Thickness required

pD
2afe + p

(b)

18.43

Thickness of the Pipe proposed

21

OD of the pipe

4232

Design factor

0.90

If Hydraulic Test Pressure is Used

(0.6 if p is the working pressure and 0.9 if p is the test pressure


inclusive of surge pressure)
Minimum yield stress of the steel

2500

Weld efficiency of the joint

0.80

(0.9 for shop welding and 0.8 for field welding)

60% of Yield stress

Hydraulic test pressure

1500
2St
D

14.89

Thickness of pipe required for this hydraulic test pressure


t

PD
2afe + P

t
II

17.43

Deflection:
The deflection is given by Spangler's Theory (AWWA Manual M11)
Mean diameter of pipe

4.211

Height of backfill above pipe top

Specific weight of backfill material

rs

1800

Load per unit length of pipe due to


soil overburden

rsDH
100

75.80

Pipe radius

210.55

Modulus of elasticity of steel

2100000

unit length of pipe wall

0.772

Modulus of soil reaction

E'

40

Lined and gunited pipe

D1

Bedding Constant

0.10

Transverse Moment of Inertia per

Deflection

D1

KWr3
EI + 0.06 E' r3

2.945

0.08422

8.422

Deflection should be less than 2% of the Mean Diameter


2% of the Mean Dia

Deflection is less than 2% of the mean dia, Hence Safe.


III

Buckling:

(a)

Allowable Buckling Pressure


The allowable buckling pressure is given by AWWA Manual M11
Design factor

FS

Hw

100

3.28

Height of water surface above top of pipe

Height of backfill above top of pipe

Water buoyancy factor

Rw

1-0.33(Hw/H)

Modulus of soil reaction

E'

40

Modulus of elasticity of steel

2100000

0.772

Outer Diameter

423.2

Mathematical Constant

2.73

Empirical constant given by

B'

Transverse Moment of Inertia per unit length of pipe wall

1
1+4 e(-0.065H)

=
Allowable Buckling Pressure

qa

0.236
1

32 Rw B' E' EI

FS
Allowable Buckling Pressure
(b)

D3

1.272

Actual Buckling Pressure


The requirement of safety from buckling is verified by the following equation
=

rw Hw + Rw W + Pv
D

Specific weight of water

rw

0.001

Specific weight of backfill material

rs

1800

Outer Diameter

4.232

423.2

Height of Backfill
Load per cm length due to soil overburden

rsDH
100

Internal vacuum pressure

Pv

76.176

Actual Buckling Pressure

1.180

Actual Buckling Pressure is less than Allowable Buckling Pressure, Hence Safe.
IV

Collapse Pressure:
Youngs Modulus of steel

2100000

Poissons Ratio

Thickness of wall

21

Mean Diameter

4211

For truly circular pipe, The critical collapse pressure is given by AWWA Manual M11.
Pc

2E

(1-v2)

For steel pipe in FPS units the formula reduces to


Pc

66 x 10^6

Pc

50.2 x 10^6

AWWA recommends more conservative formula

6.23

0.438

0.562

5.62

Critical pressure is less than 1 kg/sq cm i.e. atmospheric pressure,


protection is required to limit negative pressure to less than 5.62 m.

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
m

Kgf/cm2
mm

Kgf/cm2

mm

mm
mm

Kgf/cm2

Kgf/cm2

Kgf/cm2

mm

m
m
Kgf/cm3

Kgf/cm2
cm
Kgf/cm2

Cm3
Kgf/cm2

I + 0.06 E' r3
Cm

m
Cm

Cm
Cm
ft

Kgf/cm2
Kgf/cm2

Cm3
Cm

32 Rw B' E' EI

Kgf/cm2

+ Rw W + Pv

Kgf/cm3
Kgf/cm2
m
cm
m

Kgf/cm2
Kgf/cm2

0.50

Kgf/cm2

Kgf/cm2

mm
mm
3

t 3
D

D
PSI
Kgf/cm2
Kgf/cm2
m

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