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Heat Transfer Final Formula Sheet

This document provides information on heat transfer concepts including conduction, convection, radiation and related equations. Key points include: - Conduction heat flux is proportional to the temperature gradient and thermal conductivity. Convection heat flux depends on the surface and ambient temperatures and convection heat transfer coefficient. Radiation heat flux depends on surface temperatures and material properties. - The heat diffusion and conservation of energy equations describe heat transfer through various coordinate systems and conditions such as steady state and transient. - Thermal resistance concepts include conductive, convective and contact resistances which can be analyzed in series or parallel. - Finite difference methods can be used to model heat transfer problems by discretizing the governing equations at nodes of

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2K views9 pages

Heat Transfer Final Formula Sheet

This document provides information on heat transfer concepts including conduction, convection, radiation and related equations. Key points include: - Conduction heat flux is proportional to the temperature gradient and thermal conductivity. Convection heat flux depends on the surface and ambient temperatures and convection heat transfer coefficient. Radiation heat flux depends on surface temperatures and material properties. - The heat diffusion and conservation of energy equations describe heat transfer through various coordinate systems and conditions such as steady state and transient. - Thermal resistance concepts include conductive, convective and contact resistances which can be analyzed in series or parallel. - Finite difference methods can be used to model heat transfer problems by discretizing the governing equations at nodes of

Uploaded by

Josh Page
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Heat Transfer Formula Sheet

Chapter 1:
Conduction:
Heat Flux = q = - k T = - k {dT} over {dx} = - k {{T} rsub {2} - {T} rsub {1}} over {L}
Heat Rate =

q=q A

Convection:
Heat Flux = q = h left ({T} rsub {s} - {T} rsub {} right )
Heat Rate = q =

h A ( T sT )

Radiation:
Heat Flux =
q = {E} rsub {b} - G = {T} rsub {s} rsup {4} - {T} rsub {sur} rsup {4} = left ({T} rsub {s} rsup {4} - {T
= q =
= q =

hr ( T sT sur )
+ {q} rsub {rad} rsup {
q}conv
=h ( T sT ) + hr ( T sT sur )

Conservation of Energy:
Closed System:
sto
QW = E total
Control Volume (thermal and mechanical Energy):
E stored=E E out + Egenerated

q=mC
p ( T out T )
Constants and Units:
q= Heat Flux per unit time and Surface Area = W/m^2
q= Heat Flux per unit time and length = W/m
q= Heat Transfer Rate= W = J/s
k= Thermal Conductivity = (W/m)K
= Stefan-Boltzmann Constant= 5.67x10^-8 (W/m^2)*K^4
h= Convection Heat Transfer coefficient
hr
= Radiation Heat Transfer Coefficient =
Chapter 2:
Heat Diffusion Equation Cartesian Coordinates:

Cylindrical Coordinates:

Spherical Coordinates:

( T s +T sur ) ( T 2s + T 2sur ) = (W/m^2)K

If K is constant:

For Steady State:

For Steady State, one-dimensional Transfer in x-direction and no energy generation:


d
dT
k
=0
dx dx

( )

Boundary Conditions:
I)
II)

Constant Surface Temperature: x=0, T(x,t)=T(0,t)=Ts


Constant Heat Flux at Surface:
} = - k {T} over {x}
a. Finite Heat Flux =
at x=0 => Constant Slope
q s
b. Adiabatic Surface =

III)

} = - k {T} over {x} = 0

qs

Convective Heat Transfer occurs at the surface:

Constants:
Thermal Diffusivity =

at x=0 => Slope =0

T
=h [ T T ( 0, t ) ]
x x=0

k
C p

Chapter 3:
Temperature distribution:
I)

Surface Temps given: T(0)=

II)

Constant k: T(x) =

T s ,1

T(L)=

T s ,1 + ( T s ,2 T s ,1 )

T s ,2

x
L

a) Temperature distribution is linear


b) Heat flux q is independent of x
q = {k} over {L} left ({T} rsub {s ,2} - {T} rsub {s ,1} right )
a.
c) Heat Rate q is independent of x
kA
T T s , 1)
a. q = L ( s ,2
Thermal Resistance:
I)

Conductive Resistance:

RCond =

L
kA

II)

Convective Resistance:

III)

RRad =

Radiative Resistance:

IV)

Tube Conductive Resistance:

Overall Thermal Resistance:


I)

Series: q =

II)

Parallel: q =

1
hA

RConv =

1
hrad A
r1
r 2 /

ln
Rt , cond=

T 1T 2 T 2T 3 T 3T 4 T
=
=
=
R1
R2
R3
R

1 1 1
+ +
R1 R2 R 3

Contact Resistance:
R}t , =c {{T} rsub {a} - {T} rsub {b}} over {q
Temperature Distribution Tube:
T s , 1T s ,2
r
ln
+T s ,2
r1
r2
T(r) =
ln ( )
r2

( )

Fins:
General Conduction Analysis:
d
d h
Ac
P=0
dx
dx k

A c : Fin Cross sectional area P: Perimeter

Where Cross-Sectional Area is constant


Case

Tip Condition (x=L)


Temp distribution

Convection heat
Transfer
d
h ( L )=k x=L
dx

( mkh )sinh m ( Lx )
h
cosh mL+ (
sinh mL
mk )

cosh m ( Lx )+

Fin Heat Transfer Rate

qf

h
cosh mL
(
mk )
M
h
cosh mL+ (
sinh mL
mk )
sinh mL

Adiabatic
d
=0
dx x=L

Prescribed
Temperature
( L )= L

Where:

Infinite fin
L=

M tanh mL

cosh m ( Lx )
cosh mL
L
sinh mx+sinh m ( Lx )
b

( )

sinh mL

cosh mL

M
mx

=T T
b= ( 0 )=T bT
m 2=

hP
k Ac

M =b hPk A c
Fin Heat Transfer Rate (uniform Cross-sectional Area)
d
q f =qb =k A c x=0
dx
Case
Fin Effectiveness >2

f=

qf
qf
=
q w/ o h A C ,b ( T bT )
f=

Infinite long Fin


Fin Resistance

Rt , f =

k P
h Ac

b
qf

R t , b=

b
h A c ,b ( T bT )

1
h A c ,b

Fin Efficiency < 1

Efficiency f =
*Adiabatic Uniform Cross Section

qf
h Af ( T b T )

Efficiencey f =

Where

A c =fin crosssectional area

tanh m Lc
m Lc

sinh mL

L
b

Where

A s =fin surface area

Where

A f =Total fin surface= A s=+tip surface

Where

Lc =Corrected Fin Length

Chapter 4:

ny
(
L )
(1 ) +1
2
nx
( x , y )=
sin

n
L
nW
sinh (
L )

sinh

n +1

n=1

Finite-Difference Equation
Interior Node:
T m ,n+1 +T m , n1 +T m+1, n +T m1,n 4 T m ,n=0
Node at an internal corner with Convection:
h x
h x
2 ( T m 1, n+T m , n+1 ) + ( T m+1, n+ T m , n1 ) +2
T 2 3+
T m , n=0
k
k

Node at a plane surface with convection:


2h x
h x
( 2 T m 1, n+T m , n+1 +T m ,n1 ) + k T 2 k +2 T m, n=0

Node at an external corner with convection:


h x
h x
( T m,n1 +T m1,n ) +2 k T 2 k +1 T m ,n =0

Node at a plane surface with uniform Heat Flux:


2 q x} over {k} -4 {T} rsub {m,n} =0
( 2 T m1,n+ T m , n+1 +T m ,n1 ) +
Where delta x and delta y is the distance between nodes in the horizontal/vertical
Chapter 5: Hand Out
Chapter 6:

h= 1 hd A s
As A

or

Reynolds number:

1 hdx
h=
L0
x =

Critical Reynolds number:


Energy Equation:
T
T
2 T v u
u
+ v =
+
x
y
y 2 C p y

( )

u x

x ,c

u x c
=5 X 10 5

Friction Coefficient:
Boundary Layer

Conservation Eq

B.C. Wall

B.C. Free Stream

Velocity

y 2
u
2

1
dx+

L
dp

y=
u

x+ v
u

u ( x, 0 )=0

u
u ( x, )=

Thermal

y2
T
2

1
y=

L Pr
T

x+ v
T

T( x, 0 ) =0

T( x, )=1

y y 0
u

s
2
Cf=
=

2
L
V

Chapter 7-9 Handouts

Similarity Parameter

L =

VL
v

L , Pr =

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