Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 475 views

    Beton Siklop

    Uploaded by

    Graha Sasra Aditya Zen
    The document discusses different types of foundation footings, including: 1) Reinforced concrete footings, which are recommended in areas prone to earthquakes. Steel reinforcement should be fully covered in concrete with no exposed pieces. 2) Cyclopean concrete footings, which save on cement and steel by using large stones. They do not require steel reinforcement but must be thicker and wider than reinforced footings. 3) Examples of non-reinforced footing designs are provided for one-story and two-story buildings over different soil types. Vertical rebar placement and anchoring techniques are also described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Beton Siklop

    Uploaded by

    Graha Sasra Aditya Zen
    475 views3 pages
    The document discusses different types of foundation footings, including: 1) Reinforced concrete footings, which are recommended in areas prone to earthquakes. Steel reinforcement should be fully covered in concrete with no exposed pieces. 2) Cyclopean concrete footings, which save on cement and steel by using large stones. They do not require steel reinforcement but must be thicker and wider than reinforced footings. 3) Examples of non-reinforced footing designs are provided for one-story and two-story buildings over different soil types. Vertical rebar placement and anchoring techniques are also described.

    Original Description:

    Panduan penggunaan beton siklop

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses different types of foundation footings, including: 1) Reinforced concrete footings, which are recommended in areas prone to earthquakes. Steel reinforcement should be fully covered in concrete with no exposed pieces. 2) Cyclopean concrete footings, which save on cement and steel by using large stones. They do not require steel reinforcement but must be thicker and wider than reinforced footings. 3) Examples of non-reinforced footing designs are provided for one-story and two-story buildings over different soil types. Vertical rebar placement and anchoring techniques are also described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    475 views3 pages

    Beton Siklop

    Uploaded by

    Graha Sasra Aditya Zen
    The document discusses different types of foundation footings, including: 1) Reinforced concrete footings, which are recommended in areas prone to earthquakes. Steel reinforcement should be fully covered in concrete with no exposed pieces. 2) Cyclopean concrete footings, which save on cement and steel by using large stones. They do not require steel reinforcement but must be thicker and wider than reinforced footings. 3) Examples of non-reinforced footing designs are provided for one-story and two-story buildings over different soil types. Vertical rebar placement and anchoring techniques are also described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    6

    FOUNDATION FOOTINGS

    FOUNDATION FOOTINGS
    The purpose of the foundation footing is to receive the load from the walls and distribute
    it over the ground. The size of the footing depends on the weight of the building, how
    much weight the soil can support, and the type of material used.
    For a load bearing wall footing, it is not
    usually necessary to place the footing deep.
    If the soil is the same type and is hard in all
    places it is possible to dig the footing trench
    as little as 20 cm deep. Of course, for soft
    wet soil with no drainage, piles (pillars
    pounded into the ground) will probably be
    necessary.
    Concrete Reinforced with Steel Footing
    A reinforced concrete footing is good
    especially in places with earthquakes.
    Make sure that the steel rod used is free of
    rust and is well covered with concrete: no
    pieces should be near the surface or
    sticking out (except the vertical rebar, which
    will receive blocks).
    Cyclopean Concrete Footing

    Cyclopean concrete.

    Cyclopean concrete is concrete that uses


    large stones to minimize surface area and
    economize on cement. It is not always
    necessary to use steel in the footing. Steel
    footings have a disadvantage; after many
    years the steel may rust, expand and cause
    the concrete to crack. Instead of a steel
    reinforced footing, a nonreinforced
    cyclopean concrete footing can be used.
    A cyclopean concrete footing will save
    both cement and steel. Because it is
    nonreinforced it will be thicker (and possibly
    wider) than a reinforced concrete footing.
    Shown below are some examples of nonreinforced footings.
    It is not possible to mix large stones in
    concrete. The concrete and stones must
    be placed in layers. The large stones should
    not touch each other. You should select
    extra-large stones that are as big as the
    width of the footing to be placed every 60
    cm: they will make the structure stable. Use
    concrete 1:3:5 (cement:sand:stone, ratio by
    weight). Use mixed stone sizes.

    Pouring a cyclopean concrete footing. Notice the


    large stones being added.

    FOUNDATION FOOTINGS

    EXAMPLES OF CYCLOPEAN CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS


    If a reinforced concrete foundation is used, cast vertical
    rebar in the footing.
    If you use a non-reinforced foundation, use all channel
    blocks in the first block layer and reinforce it with steel: this is
    a ring-beam. Tie the vertical rebar to the horizontal rebar.
    .25

    (WATER PROOF PLASTER 3 BLOCKS HIGH )

    (BLOCK)

    .4 5

    One-story building footing


    for soft drained soil.

    VERTICAL REBAR IS TIED TO RING BEAM*


    SEE VERTICAL REBAR ANCHORING
    RING BEAM*:
    SMOOTH 9 MM REBAR

    CHANNEL BLOCK
    (CONCRETE FLOOR)

    CYCLOPEAN CONCRETE
    (PLASTIC FILM TO
    PREVENT THE WALL
    AND FLOOR FROM
    SUCKING WATER)
    (SAND FILL)
    .0 9

    CONCRETE 5 CM
    SAND 5 CM
    .2 5

    One-story building footing for hard soil with drainage.

    .39

    *A RING BEAM IS HORIZONTAL REBAR LAID IN CHANNEL BLOCKS COMPLETELY AROUND THE BUILDING

    .6 0

    One-story building footing


    for soft wet soil.

    .22
    .44

    .52

    .4 0

    Two-story building footing


    for hard soil with drainage.
    Second floor is concrete.

    .65

    Two-story building footing


    for soft soil with drainage.
    Second floor is wood.

    .8 5

    Two-story building footing


    for soft wet soil.
    Second floor is wood.

    VERTICAL REBAR

    VERTICAL REBAR
    VERTICAL REBAR PLACEMENT
    Place vertical rebar at the sides of door
    openings and at corners and intersections.

    Set out the rebar positions accurately.


    The rebar will be in line with the large
    holes in the blocks.

    Notice the rebar for


    the buttress in the long
    wall.

    VERTICAL REBAR ANCHORING

    A building without a reinforced steel footing will use


    channel blocks as the first layer and tie in the
    vertical rebar.

    15 cm

    Cut rebar as high as you can put a block on it. Or,


    bend the steel over.

    Weld

    Bend and hook


    Ways to extend rebar

    Wire tie

    You might also like