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Introduction BAPI

The document provides guidelines for programming BAPIs (Business Application Programming Interfaces) in SAP, including defining data structures, creating function modules, generating ALE interfaces, and standardizing parameters and methods. Key steps include: 1) defining data structures, 2) programming RFC-enabled function modules, 3) creating business objects, 4) documenting BAPIs, 5) generating ALE interfaces for asynchronous BAPIs, and 6) generating and releasing BAPIs. Standardized methods like GetList, GetDetail, Create, and Change should be used when possible. Parameters, selection criteria, addresses, and text transfers should also follow standards. BAPIs must not commit work or cause aborts, and proper error handling is required

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Arkadev Chakrabarti
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78 views

Introduction BAPI

The document provides guidelines for programming BAPIs (Business Application Programming Interfaces) in SAP, including defining data structures, creating function modules, generating ALE interfaces, and standardizing parameters and methods. Key steps include: 1) defining data structures, 2) programming RFC-enabled function modules, 3) creating business objects, 4) documenting BAPIs, 5) generating ALE interfaces for asynchronous BAPIs, and 6) generating and releasing BAPIs. Standardized methods like GetList, GetDetail, Create, and Change should be used when possible. Parameters, selection criteria, addresses, and text transfers should also follow standards. BAPIs must not commit work or cause aborts, and proper error handling is required

Uploaded by

Arkadev Chakrabarti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Programming a BAPI consists of two major tasks:


1. Defining BAPI Data structures in SE11
2. Program a RFC enabled BAPI function module for each method
3. Create a Business object for the BAPI in the BOR
4. Documentation the BAPI
5. Generate ALE interface for aynchronous BAPIs
6. Generate and release
Tip: You can use the BAPi explorer to get a step by step instuction/checklist in how to
create a BAPI. In the BAPI explorer select the Project tab.
Methods
If the BAPI to be implemented is a standardized BAPI, use the generic names, for
example, GetList, GetDetail.
The method name must be in English (maximum 30 characters).
The individual components of a BAPI name are separated by the use of upper and lower
case.Example: GetList
Underscores ("_") are not allowed in BAPI names.
Each BAPI has a return parameter that is either an export parameter or an export table.
So that customers can enhance BAPIs, each BAPI must have an ExtensionIn and an
ExtensionOut parameter.
Parameters
If standardized parameters are used, you have to use the names specified for standardized
parameters.
BAPI parameter names should be as meaningful as possible. Poorly chosen names
include abbreviations and technical names (e.g. "flag", table names, etc.).
The parameter and field names must be in English with a maximum of 30 characters.

The components of a parameter name in the BOR are separated by upper and lower case
letters to make them easier to read. Example: CompanyCodeDetail
Values that belong to each other semantically should be grouped together in one
structured parameter, instead of using several scalar parameters.
For ISO-relevant fields (country, language, unit of measure, currency), additional fields
for ISO codes are provided.
Unit of measure fields must accompany all quantity fields and currency identifiers must
accompany currency amount fields.
Standardized BAPIs
Some BAPIs provide basic functions and can be used for most SAP business object types.
These BAPIs should be implemented the same for all business object types.
Standardized BAPIs are easier to use and prevent users having to deal with a number of
different BAPIs. Whenever possible, a standardized BAPI must be used in preference to
an individual BAPI.
The following standardized BAPIs are provided:
Reading instances of SAP business objects
GetList ( ) With the BAPI GetList you can select a range of object key values, for
example, company codes and material numbers. The BAPI GetList() is a class method.
GetDetail() With the BAPI GetDetail() the details of an instance of a business object
type are retrieved and returned to the calling program. The instance is identified via its
key. The BAPI GetDetail() is an instance method.
BAPIs that can create, change or delete instances of a business object type
The following BAPIs of the same object type have to be programmed so that they can be
called several times within one transaction. For example, if, after sales order 1 has been
created, a second sales order 2 is created in the same transaction, the second BAPI call
must not affect the consistency of the sales order 2. After completing the transaction with
a COMMIT WORK, both the orders are saved consistently in the database.
Create( ) and CreateFromData( ) The BAPIs Create() and CreateFromData() create an
instance of an SAP business object type, for example, a purchase order.
These BAPIs are class methods.

Change( ) The BAPI Change() changes an existing instance of an SAP business object
type, for example, a purchase order. The BAPI Change () is an instance method.
Delete( ) and Undelete( ) The BAPI Delete() deletes an instance of an SAP business
object type from the database or sets a deletion flag. The BAPI Undelete() removes a
deletion flag. These BAPIs are instance methods.
Cancel ( ) Unlike the BAPI Delete(), the BAPI Cancel() cancels an instance of a business
object type. The instance to be cancelled remains in the database and an additional
instance is created and this is the one that is actually canceled. The Cancel() BAPI is an
instance method.
Add<subobject> ( ) and Remove<subobject> ( ) The BAPI Add<subobject> adds a
subobject to an existing object instance and the BAPI and Remove<subobject> removes a
subobject from an object instance. These BAPIs are instance methods.
BAPIs for Mass Data Processing
The BAPIs listed above for creating and changing data can also be used for mass
processing. For more information see BAPIs for Mass Data Transfer [Extern]
BAPIs for Replicating Business Object Instances
Replicate( ) and SaveReplica( ) The BAPIs Replicate() and SaveReplica() are
implemented as methods of replicable business object types. They enable specific
instances of an object type to be copied to one or more different systems. These BAPIs
are used mainly to transfer data between distributed systems within the context of
Application Link Enabling (ALE). These BAPIs are class methods.
Other Less Used Standardized BAPIs
Programming GetStatus() BAPIs [Extern]
Programming ExistenceCheck() BAPIs [Extern]
Standardized Parameters
There are some parameters that can be created for various BAPIs because they contain
the same or the equivalent data in all BAPIs. They should be implemented the same in all
BAPIs.
Address parameters Specific reference structures are defined for address parameters in
BAPIs. You should copy these structures to use in your BAPI, especially if the underlying
object type uses the central address management (CAM).
Change Parameters In BAPIs that cause database changes (for example, Change() and
Create() BAPIs) you must be able to distinguish between parameter fields that contain
modified values and parameter fields that have not been modified. This distinction is
made through the use of standardized parameters.
Extension parameters The parameters ExtensionIn and ExtensionOut provides

customers with a mechanism that enables BAPIs to be enhanced without modifications.


Return Parameters Each BAPI must have an export return parameter for returning
messages to the calling application. To provide application programmers with a
consistent error handling process for BAPI calls, all return parameters must be
implemented in the same, standardized way.
Selection Parameters Standardized selection parameters are used in BAPIs that can be
used to search for specific instances of a business object type (e.g. in GetList() ). These
parameters enable the BAPI caller to specify the relevant selection criteria.
Test Run Parameters The parameter TestRun is used in write BAPIs (Create() and
Change() ), to check the entries for the object instance in the database before actually
creating the object instance. The creation of the object instance is only simulated and data
is not updated.
Text Transfer Parameters To transfer BAPI documentation texts (e.g. the documentation
of a business object type), you have to create standardized text transfer parameters.
Important things to remember..
It is important to follow the guidelines below when develop9ng BAPIs:
BAPIs must not contain CALL TRANSACTIO or SUBMIT REPORT
BAPIs must not invoke a COMMIT WORK. instead use the BAPI
TransactionCommit to execute the commit after the BAPI has executed.
BAPI structures must not use includes.
There should be no functional dependecies between two BAPIs
BAPIs must perform there own authorization check
BAPIs should not use dialogs
BAPIs must not cause the program to abort or terminate. re4levant messages must be
communicated through the return parameter.
BAPI/ALE Integration
When you use the BAPIs for asynchronous messagning, the application in the sendig
system calls the generated ALE IDoc interface isntead of the BAPI.

Asynchronous BAPIs use the ALE interface this way:


Creates an IDOC from the BAPI data
Sends the IDOC to the target system
Receives the IDOC in trhe target system, crreates the BAPI data from the IDoc and calls
the BAPI
An ALE interface for a BAPi is created in transaction BDBG

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