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Assignments of Turbo Machinery

This document contains 5 assignments related to fluid mechanics and turbomachinery design. Assignment 1 contains 4 questions about water turbines, fans, and modeling turbine performance. Assignment 2 contains 2 questions about compressor cascade design. Assignment 3 contains 4 questions about axial compressor stage design involving calculations of stage air angles, number of stages, and rotor blade length. Assignment 4 contains 3 questions about axial turbine stage design involving calculations of stage loading, efficiencies, and reactions. Assignment 5 contains 2 questions about centrifugal compressor design involving calculations of pressure ratio, power required, impeller vane angles, and Mach number.

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634 views8 pages

Assignments of Turbo Machinery

This document contains 5 assignments related to fluid mechanics and turbomachinery design. Assignment 1 contains 4 questions about water turbines, fans, and modeling turbine performance. Assignment 2 contains 2 questions about compressor cascade design. Assignment 3 contains 4 questions about axial compressor stage design involving calculations of stage air angles, number of stages, and rotor blade length. Assignment 4 contains 3 questions about axial turbine stage design involving calculations of stage loading, efficiencies, and reactions. Assignment 5 contains 2 questions about centrifugal compressor design involving calculations of pressure ratio, power required, impeller vane angles, and Mach number.

Uploaded by

sohaib31
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT #1

Due date 1-10-14


Q1. Four Water turbines of specific speed 890 each, are
installed in a hydel station. Each of the turbines runs at
50 rpm and shares equally a discharge of 260 m3/s
available under a head of 1.73m. Assume that each
turbine has an efficiency of 82.5%. Find the power of each
turbine in kw.
Q2. A fan operating at 1750rev/min at a volume flow rate
of 4.25m3/s develops a head of 153mm. It is required to
build a larger, geometrically similar fan which will deliver
the same efficiency as the existing fan, but at a speed of
1440rv/min. Calculate the volume flow rate of the larger
fan.
Q3. A water turbine is to be designed to produce 27MW
when running at 93.7rev/min under a head of 16.5m. A
model turbine with an output of 37.5kw is to be tested
under dynamically similar conditions with a head of 4.9m.
Calculate the model speed and scale ratio. Assuming a
model efficiency of 88%, estimate the volume flow rate
through the model.

Assignment#2
Q1(a) Reading Assignment: Page 72 to page 90 of
text book. A special attention is to be given to
examples 3.1 and 3.2.
(b) A compressor cascade is to be designed for the
following conditions:
Nominal fluid outlet angle *2=30deg
Cascade camber angle =30 deg
Pitch/chord ratio

s/l=1.0

Circular arc camberline a/l=0.5


Using Howells curves and his formula for nominal
deviation, determine the nominal incidence, the
actual deviation for an incidence of +2.7deg and
the approximate lift coefficient at this incidence.

ASSIGNMENT#3
Due Date:29-10-2014

1.An axial flow compressor stage has blade root,


mean, and tip velocities of 150, 200, and 250
m/s. The stage is to be designed for a
stagnation temperature rise of 20K and an
axial velocity of 150m/s, both constant from
root to tip. Assuming 50 % percent reaction at
mean radius calculate the stage air angles at
root, mean, and tip and the degree of reaction
at root and tip for a free vortex design.
2.Recalculate the stage air angles for the same
data in previous question for a stage with50%
reaction at all radii and compare the results
with those for the free vortex design.
3.An axial flow compressor has an overall
pressure ratio of 4.0 and mass flow of 3kg/s. If
the polytropic efficiency is 88% and the
stagnation temperature rise per stage must not
exceed 25K, calculate the number of stages
required and the pressure ratio of the first and
last stages. Assume equal temperature rise in

all stages. If the absolute velocity approach the


last rotor is 165m/s at an angle of 200 from the
axial direction, the velocity triangle is
symmetrical, and the mean diameter of the
last stage rotor is 18cm, calculate the
rotational speed and the length of the last
stage rotor blade at inlet to the stage. Ambient
conditions are 1.01 bar and 288K.
4.An axial flow compressor is required to deliver
50kg/s of air at a stagnation pressure of
500kpa. At inlet to the first stage the
stagnation pressure is 100kpa and the
stagnation temperature is 230c. The hub and
tip diameters at this location are 0.436m and
0.728m. At the mean radius, which is constant
through all stages of the compressor, the
reaction is 0.50 and the absolute air angle at
stator exit is 28.8 deg for all stages. The speed
of the rotor is 8000 rev/min. Determine the
number of similar stages needed assuming
that the polytropic efficiency is 0.89 and that
the axial velocity at the mean radius is
constant through the stages and equal to 1.05
times the average axial velocity.

ASSIGNMENT#4
Due date: 10-11-2014
Q1. In a certain axial flow turbine stage the axial velocity
cz is constant. The absolute velocities entering and
leaving the stage are axial direction. If the flow coefficient
cz/U is 0.6 and the gas leaves the stator blades at 68.2
deg from axial direction, calculate,
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

The stage loading factor w/U2


The flow angles relative to rotor blades
The degree of reaction
The total-to-total and total-to-static efficiencies
The Soderberg loss correlation *=0.04
+0.06(/100)2 should be used.

Q2. An axial flow gas turbine stage develops 3.36MW at a


mass flow rate of 27.2kg/s. At the stage entry the
stagnation pressure and temperature are 772kPa and
727oc, respectively. The static pressure at exit from the
nozzle is 482kPa and the corresponding absolute flow

direction is 720 to the axial direction. Assuming the axial


velocity is constant across the stage and the gas enters
and leaves the stage without any absolute swirl velocity,
determine
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

The
The
The
The

nozzle exit velocity


blade speed
total-to-static efficiency
stage reaction

Q3. An axial flow turbine stage is to be designed for freevortex conditions at exit from the nozzle row and for zero
swirl at exit from rotor. The gas entering the stage has a
stagnation temperature of 1000k, the mass flow rate is
32kg/s, root and tip diameters are 0,56m and 0.76m
respectively, and the rotor speed is 8000rev/min. At the
rotor tip the stage reaction is 50% and the axial velocity
is constant at 183m/s. The velocity of the gas entering
the stage is equal to that leaving. Determine,
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

The maximum velocity leaving the nozzles


The maximum absolute Mach number in stage
The root section reaction
The power output of the stage
The stagnation and static temperatures of at stage
exit.
Take R= 0.287kJ/kgoC and Cp=1.147kJ/kg0C

ASSIGNMENT#5
Q1. The following data are suggested as a basis for design
of a single-sided centrifugal compressor:
Rotational speed N=290rev/s
Overall diameter of impeller=0.5m
Eye tip diameter=0.3
Eye root diameter=0.15m
Air mass flow m=9kg/s
Inlet stagnation temperature = 295K
Inlet stagnation pressure =1.1bar
Efficiency of compressor=0.78
(a)
Determine the pressure ratio of the compressor
and power required to drive it assuming that the
velocity of the air at inlet is axial.
(b)
Calculate the inlet angle of the impeller vanes at
the root and tip radii of the eye, assuming that the axial
inlet velocity is constant across the eye annulus
(c)
Estimate the axial depth of the impeller channels
at the periphery of the impeller.
Q2. The following data refer to the eye of a single-sided
impeller.
Inner radius =6.5cm
Outer radius = 15.0cm

Rotation speed=270rev/s
Mass flow= 8kg/s
Ambient conditions 1.00bar, 288K
Assuming no pre-whirl and no losses in the intake duct,
calculate the blade inlet angle at root and tip of the eye,
and Mach number at the tip of the eye.

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