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    Unit Operation and Process

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    The document provides an overview of the syllabus for the course Ch.E-203 Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. The syllabus covers topics including the importance of fluid mechanics, classification of fluids and fluid flows, properties of fluids, basic equations of fluid flow, laminar and turbulent flow, compressible fluid processes, flow through variable areas, boundary layer concepts, and dimensional analysis. The course will use 6 specified textbooks as references.

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    Unit Operation and Process

    Uploaded by

    Haseeb
    277 views20 pages
    The document provides an overview of the syllabus for the course Ch.E-203 Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. The syllabus covers topics including the importance of fluid mechanics, classification of fluids and fluid flows, properties of fluids, basic equations of fluid flow, laminar and turbulent flow, compressible fluid processes, flow through variable areas, boundary layer concepts, and dimensional analysis. The course will use 6 specified textbooks as references.

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    process of Chemical Engineering

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    Unit Operation ANd Process

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    The document provides an overview of the syllabus for the course Ch.E-203 Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. The syllabus covers topics including the importance of fluid mechanics, classification of fluids and fluid flows, properties of fluids, basic equations of fluid flow, laminar and turbulent flow, compressible fluid processes, flow through variable areas, boundary layer concepts, and dimensional analysis. The course will use 6 specified textbooks as references.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    277 views20 pages

    Unit Operation and Process

    Uploaded by

    Haseeb
    The document provides an overview of the syllabus for the course Ch.E-203 Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. The syllabus covers topics including the importance of fluid mechanics, classification of fluids and fluid flows, properties of fluids, basic equations of fluid flow, laminar and turbulent flow, compressible fluid processes, flow through variable areas, boundary layer concepts, and dimensional analysis. The course will use 6 specified textbooks as references.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 20

    Fundamentals of Fluid

    Mechanics
    Lecturer:

    Ch.E-203 (Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics)


    Syllabus:
    Introduction and importance of fluid mechanics; Description of Fluids; Types of
    fluids and Classification of fluid flows; Compressible vs Incompressible fluids;
    Steady and Unsteady fluid flows; Properties of fluids; Basic Equations of fluid flow;
    Flow of incompressible fluids in pipes; Laminar and Turbulent flow in closed
    channels; Processes of Compressible Fluid Flows; Flow through variable area
    conduits; Boundry Layer Concept; Prandtl's Boundary Layers Equatons; Turbulent
    Boundary Layers; Dimensional Analysis.

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.

    Text and Reference Books:


    McCabe Warren L., Smith Julian C., Harriott peter Unit Operations of Chemical
    Engineering 6thEd. 2001. McGraw Hill Inc.
    Coulson J.M., Richardson J.F. Chemical Engineering Vol-I, 1999. Butterworth,
    Elsevier.
    White, F.M. Fluid Mechanics, 4thEdition, McGraw-Hill. 1999.
    Holland, F.A. Bragg, R. Fluid flow for Chemical Engineers, 2ndEdition, Butterworth
    & Heinemann. 1995.
    Noel-de-Nevers Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers McGraw-Hill
    Fundamental of Fluid Mechanics, 6th Edition.

    HISTORY
    FACES OF FLUID MECHANICS

    Archimedes

    (C. 287-212 BC)

    Navier

    (1785-1836)

    Newton

    (1642-1727)

    Stokes

    (1819-1903)

    Leibniz

    (1646-1716)

    Reynolds

    (1842-1912)

    Bernoulli

    Euler

    (1667-1748)

    (1707-1783)

    Prandtl

    Taylor

    (1875-1953)

    (1886-1975)

    Fluid Mechanics
    What is mechanics?
    Deals with the motion of bodies
    What is fluid mechanics?
    Study of the behaviour of gases and liquids.

    Importance of Fluid Mechanics?

    Classification of Fluid Mechanics

    Classification of Fluid Mechanics


    Fluid statics
    Fluid kinematics
    Fluid dynamics

    Fluid Statics
    Mechanics of fluids
    at rest
    in equilibrium
    no shear stress

    Fluid Kinematics
    Concerns with the motion of the fluids
    Direction
    Velocities
    Streamlines
    but
    Without reference to forces which cause the motion

    Fluid Dynamics
    Mecahnics of fluid
    In motion
    Fluids have some shear stress

    Fluid
    Anything which can flow.
    Any material or a substance that changes its shape or direction uniformly
    on applying an external force to it.

    Classification of Fluids
    Ideal fluids
    Real fluids

    Compressible fluids
    Incompressible fluids

    Newtonian fluids
    Non-Newtonian fluids

    Newtons Law of Viscosity

    Shear stress

    Shear rate

    Flow of fluid

    Velocity = max
    Velocity gradient = 0

    Shear stress = 0

    Velocity = 0
    Velocity gradient = max
    Shear stress = max

    NEWTONIAN
    Water
    Most salt solutions in water
    Light suspensions of dye
    High-viscosity fuels
    Gasoline
    Kerosene
    Most motor oils and mineral oils

    PSEUDOPLASTIC
    Sewage sludge
    Paper pulp
    Grease
    Soap
    Paint
    Printer's ink
    Starch
    Latex solutions
    Most emulsions

    Bingham plastic
    clay suspensions,
    drilling mud
    toothpaste
    Mayonnaise
    chocolate
    mustard

    DILATANT
    Feldspar
    Mica
    Clay
    Beach sand
    Starch in water

    Reynolds Number
    Change in flow depends upon four parameters
    Diameter of tube through which liquid flows (D)
    Density of the liquid (rho)
    Average velocity of the liquid flowing (u)
    Viscosity of the liquid (u)
    Reynolds combine these four quantities in one dimensionless group.

    The flow is
    laminar when Re < 2300
    transient when 2300 < Re < 4000
    turbulent when 4000 < Re

    fluid flows in parallel layers


    no disruption between the layers
    No lateral mixing

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