3.

3 CALCULATION OF STORED MATERIAL FROM STRUCTURAL POINT OF VIEW

(For proper working of high level probe a clearance of 2.00 m from top is required)
Volume above cone
=
15117 M3
Volume of cone portion
=
2947
M3
Volume of filling concrete
=
55
M3
Weight of material

25428

Considering density of material

1.4

T/M3

from structural point of view

3.4 VERICAL LOAD CALCULATION FOR DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

1.0 Dead Loads
Weight of Roof Slab including supporting Beams
Weight of Silo Wall upto Bottom of Inverted Cone
Weight of Inverted Cone
Weight of Filling Concrete around Inverted Cone
Weight of Intermediate Floors below the Inverted Cone
Weight of Silo Wall upto Ground Level
Weght of Silo Wall From GL to Top of Foundation
Weight of Foundation Raft (Net Weight)
Weight of Filling above Foundation upto GL
Weight of Ground Floor Slab
TOTAL DEAD LOAD

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

2.0 Material Loads

Material above Cone
Material in Cone portion
Material in Bin below the Inverted Cone
Load on Top from bag Filter, conveyor etc.
Load from air Slide, Fan, Stair Case, Conveyor, Bag Filter
Axial Load in Cone
TOTAL MATERIAL LOAD

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

21164
4126
224
25
15
10
25565

T
T
T
T
T

=
=
=

344.71
314.16
659.00

T
T
T

3.5 HORIZONTAL LOADS ON SILO STRUCTURE

1.0 Wind Loads
(as per IS: 875 Part 3 - 1987)
Vb
i) Basic wind speed
k1
ii) Probability Factor

47.00

1.00

iii) Terrain height & Struct. Size factor

k2

0.98

(Upto 10.0 M)

iv) Terrain height & Struct. Size factor

k2

1.02

(10.0 M to 15.0 M)

Terrain height & Struct. Size factor

k2

1.05

(15.0 M to 20.0 M)

vi) Terrain height & Struct. Size factor

k2

1.10

(20.0 M to 30.0 M)

vii) Terrain height & Struct. Size factor

k2

1.15

(30.0 M to 50.0 M)

viii) Terrain height & Struct. Size factor

k2

1.22

(50.0 M and above)

ix) Topography Factor

k3

1.00

Design wind speed

Vz

46.06

(Upto 10.0 M)

xi) Design wind speed

Vz

47.94

(10.0 M to 15.0 M)

xii) Design wind speed

Vz

49.35

(15.0 M to 20.0 M)

xiii) Design wind speed

Vz

51.70

(20.0 M to 30.0 M)
(30.0 M to 50.0 M)

3.0 Live Loads

Live Load on Roof Slab
Live on Intermediate Floors below Inverted Cone
TOTAL LIVE LOAD

v)

x)

147.26
5036.74
785.38
137.42
75.40
2356.29
67.09
2451.38
613.55
42.41
11713.00

xiv)

Design wind speed

Vz

54.05

xv)

Design wind speed

Vz

57.34

T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T

0.127

b.
c.

Wind load from 10.0 M to 15.0 M.

Wind load from 15.0 M to 20.0 M.

=
=

0.138
0.146

d.
e.

Wind load from 20.0 M to 30.0 M

Wind load from 30.0 M to 50.0 M

=
=

0.160
0.175

f.

Wind load from 50.0M and above

0.197

T/M2
T/M2

1
2
3
4
5
5
6
7
8

Wind Load between

Wind Load between
Wind Load between
Wind Load between
Wind Load between
Wind Load between
Wind Load between
Wind Load between
Wind Load between

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

110.76064
58.755
26.879
5.976
6.881
11.556
21.334
0.000
0.000

T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T

Moment about raft bottom

M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

11738.299

TM

(consider

150 thick slab)

160 T bin capacity)

(50.0 M and above)

50.00
30.00
20.00
17.56
15.00
10.00
0.00
-0.50
-3.50

120 kg/m2 has been considered)

(circular raft considered)

(consider

T/M2
T/M2

Wind load upto 10.0 M from GL.

M and
M and
M and
M and
M and
M and
M and
M and
M and

(2 floors @

a.

83.50
50.00
30.00
20.00
17.56
15.00
10.00
0.00
-0.50

(25% extra considered for beams)

T/M2
T/M2

& at
& at
& at
& at
& at
& at
& at
& at
& at

2.133

T/M

(on Silo width)

=
=

2.311
2.449

T/M
T/M

(on Silo width)

(on Silo width)

=
=

2.688
2.938

T/M
T/M

(on Silo width)

(on Silo width)

3.306

T/M

50.00
30.00
20.00
17.56
15.00
10.00
0.00
-0.50
-3.50

M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

(on Silo width)

Shear (T)
Moment (TM)
110.761
169.516
196.394
202.370
209.251
220.807
242.141
242.141
242.141

1855.241
4658.006
6487.558
6974.051
7500.926
8576.070
10890.807
11011.877
11738.299

Moment about raft top

Moment about Invt. Cone bot.

=
=

11011.877
6974.051

TM
TM

2.0 Seiamic Loads

(as per IS: 1893 Part I - 2002)

a) Fundamental Natural Period of Vibration

b)
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

Type of Soil.
Basic Horizontal Seismic coefficient
Importance Factor
Response Reduction Factor
Design Horizontal Seismic coefficient
Item

R
h

h
d

=
=

Height of the building, in M

Base dimension of the building at
plinth level, in M

TYPE OF SOIL
Medium
0.828

Hard
0.609

Soft
1.017

Moment about

Moment about

Moment about

raft bottom

raft top

Invt. Cone bot.

24.605
142.722
3.314
5.377
0.583

2138.759
7711.202
39.867
144.293
7.019

2064.945
7283.036
29.925
128.161
5.269

1620.585
4705.475

65134936

615.464

38536.978

36690.586

25575.304

3239.10

3443796

32.541

1061.042

963.420

375.736

29011.94

87268574

49639.159

47165.340

32277.100

86.93
54.03
12.03
26.83
12.03

344.62
5174.17
2423.39
790.38
426.68

2603924
15104362
350715
569092
61749

62.61

16613.62

32.61

Wihi2

VB X

Wi

TOTAL

=
=
=
=
=
=

Wihi2

Mass

Material below
Inv. Cone Top

x
sqrt (d)
1.6418632 s
Hard
0.016
1.75
3.00
0.028423
Wihi2

Ht. from
Base hi

Top Slab
Top Shell
Bot Shell
Inv. Cone
Equip. Floor
Material above
Inv. Cone Top

0.09

VB

iv) Design Base Shear

824.60626

Circular of diameter
Area

=
=

34
957.67

Allowable Bearing Pressure

40

3.6 NET BEARING PRESSURE ON FOUNDATION

Assumed dimension of Raft Foundation

M
M2
T/M2

Thickness

1.0 DL + LL + ML
Load
Bearing Pressure

=
=

37323.5
T
38.973187 T/M2

OK

2.0 DL + LL + Mat. Load + WL

Max.Bearing Pressure

(max)

42.02

T/M2

Min.Bearing Pressure

(min)

35.93

T/M

3.0 DL + LL + WL
Max.Bearing Pressure

(max)

15.32

T/M2

Min.Bearing Pressure

(min)

9.24

T/M2

Max.Bearing Pressure

(max)

51.49

T/M2

Min.Bearing Pressure

(min)

25.76

T/M2

OK

OK

4.0 DL + 0.5LL + Mat. Load + SL

OK

As per IS 1893 (Part 1) : 2002, Table 1

3.00

3.7 Foundation Reinforcements

a

10.050

b
q

=
=

17.00
58.46

M
T/M

(q = MAX( 1.5*(DL+LL+ML), 1.2*(DL+LL+ML+WL), 1.2*(DL+LL+WL), 1.2*(DL+0.5LL+ML+SL)

=
0.2
has been considered for reinforcement calculation)

=
r/a

k1
k2

=
=
=
=

Qr

For

Mr

Mt

Qr

For

Mr

Mt

For

qa2
[ k1
16
9.81

For

For

For

For

b/a

poinssion's ratio

1.6915423

4
2 loge

k1

k1

-(

[ k1

2
(
-1.0412098
2
(
-14.775523
a
q
2

1
q
a2
16
q
a2
16
a
q
2
>
1

-(

+(

-(

+(

0.98

0.09

0.05

1.00

2.453125

0.244092 0

0.9964501 1

4.90625

0.4881841 0

0.9432018 1

7.359375

0.7322761 0

For

10.475

1.0422886 0

For

13.7375

1.3669154 0

For

17

1.6915423 0

For
For

r
r

=
=

15.550
13.377

1.5472546 (av distance from outer face of silo wall)

1.3310448 (d distance from outer face of silo wall)

i)

v)

a2
16

(
(

2 loge

2 loge

-508.57087 TM

24

-0.02

-0.02

NA

NA

0.94

NA

0.76

NA

0.7124592 1

0.46

NA

-0.1801899 1

-0.09

-2.4911345 1

-0.87

-7.1871253 1

-1.86

vi) At Support (outside face of Silo)

Mr
=
-1322.9 TM

TM

1]

At a distance of 0.75 a
Mr
= -1017.4855 TM
Mt
= -700.86494 TM

viii) At End Point outside Silo

Mr
=
0

At a distance of 0.00 a
Mr
=
-384.2
Mt
=
-384.2

Mt

24

ii)

1
loge

At inner face of wall

Mr
= -1510.0063 TM
Mt
= -947.12534 TM

Mt

TM
TM

23]

0.05

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

0.04

0.04

-0.08

0.58

0.31

-0.46

1.50

0.53

-0.65

iii) At a distance of 0.25 a

Mr
= -454.60454 TM
Mt
= -419.42448 TM

=
-950.1
TM
At
a
distance
from
outer
face
of
silo wall
ix)
v
Qr
T
=
88.72

23]

iv) At a distance of 0.5 a

Mr
= -665.68488 TM
Mt
= -524.96465 TM

vii) At Mid Point outside Silo

Mr
-221.283
=
Mt

TM

-688.58162 TM

ix) At d distance from outer face of silo wall

Qr
T
=
240.48

Reinforcements for Radial Moment

Factored 0.87* fy*d
Location
Moment
(TM)
-1510.0
At inner face of wall
-384.2
At Center
-454.6
At 0.25 a from Center
At 0.50 a from Center
-665.7
At 0.75 a from Center
-1017.5
At outside face of Silo
-1322.9
At midpoint outside Silo
-221.3
At end point outside Silo
0.0
Reinforcements for Tangential Moment
-947.1
At inner face of wall
-384.2
At Center
-419.4
At 0.25 a from Center
At 0.50 a from Center
-525.0
At 0.75 a from Center
-700.9
At outside face of Silo
-950.1
At midpoint outside Silo
-688.6
At end point outside Silo
-508.6

0.87*fy2 /
(fck*b)

Reinforcements Required
Steel

Top

Reinforcements Provided

Bottom

Steel

Top

Bottom

N/mm

N/mm3

mm2/M

s in mm

s in mm

5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343

15848.413
3747.607
4452.1788
6602.7459
10320.23
13699.528
2138.0981
0

25
32
32
32
32
25
25
25

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

s in mm
51
215
181
122
78
59
376
NA

mm2/M

1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1

16084.954
8042.4772
8042.4772
8042.4772
16084.954
16084.954
8042.4772
8042.4772

25
32
32
32
32
25
25
25

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

s in mm
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1
1047767.1

5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343
5.99343

9562.5302
3747.607
4099.1481
5162.7862
6966.7632
9594.2165
6839.4776
4996.6684

25
32
32
32
32
25
25
25

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

84
215
196
156
115
84
118
161

16084.954
8042.4772
8042.4772
8042.4772
16084.954
16084.954
8042.4772
8042.4772

25
32
32
32
32
25
25
25

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

No of
Layers

Provide equal reinforcements in two perpendicular directions

Maximum Shear Stress in Foundation
=
3.10
c(max)
Shear Force at a distance av from face of the Silo wall
v

=
=

0.303
0.8

x
pt

6.89
0.85

N/mm2
fck
=
x

pt

10.589636

sqrt (

0.8

>

0.2741131

fck)

x
( sqrt (
1+
5
6
x

Hence ok (Shear reinforcement is not required)

1)

0.3796027

1.0150527

Shear Force at a distance d from face of the Silo wall

v

=
=

0.829
0.8
6.89
0.85

N/mm2
fck

x
pt

pt

5.2948182

sqrt (

0.8

fck)

0.5482261

( sqrt (

1+

av

(As per IS 456 : 2000, Clause no. 40.5.1, where av = d)

>

Hence ok (Shear reinforcement is not required)

1)

2d

2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1

3.8

Pressure Calculation on Silo Wall

Design parameters to determine Bin Forces
(a)
A
= Horizontal Interior cross-section of the Silo ( Bin)
(b)
D
= Internal Diameter of the Silo ( Bin )
(c)
d
= Max. Dia. of the Circle that can be inscribed in the Bin
(d)
h
= Height of the Bin
(e)
U
= Internal perimeter of the Bin
(f)
R
= A/ U
(g)
W
= Bulk Density of Stored Material (As per TKII)
(i)
Z
= Depth below the av. fill level upto PCC filling at the bottom of Cone
(j)
= Angle of Internal friction of the stored material

(k)
= 1.0
x
f
(As per Table 2 of IS:4995 (Part-1), Powdery material)
e
f
e
f
e
H

(l)
(m)
(n)
(o)
(p)
(q)

1.0
x
(As per Table 2 of IS:4995 (Part-1), Powdery material)
(As per Table 2 of IS:4995 (Part-1), Powdery material)
(As per Table 2 of IS:4995 (Part-1), Powdery material)
tan f
tan e
Height of Fill considering level surface at top

314.15927 M2
20.00
M
20.00
M
65.79
M
62.83
M
5.00
M
1.40
T/M3
63.44
M
O
36
O
36

=
=
=
=
=
=

36
0.50
0.70
0.7265425
0.7265425
63.44

Determination of Lateral pressure in wall (Ph), Vertical pressure (Pv) and Frictional pressure (Pw)
Maximum pressure
Pw
=

WR

During Filling
7.00

T/M2

WR

During Emptying
=
7.00

T/M2

Ph

WR/ f

9.63

T/M2

WR/ e

9.63

T/M2

Pv
Zof

WR/ f /f

19.27

T/M2

WR/ e/e

13.76

T/M2

R/ff

13.76

Zoe

R/ee

9.83

Pi(z)

Toal vertical pressure at level Z =

1st Stage 2nd Stage 3rd Stage 4th Stage 5th Stage

1.

=
=
=
=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Z / Z0e

Z / Z0f

(1 - e -Z/Zoe)

(1 - e -Z/Zof)

(M)
0.35
4.85
9.56
9.63
14.60
19.56
19.63
23.59
27.56
27.63
33.60
39.56
39.63
51.54
63.44
46.12

0.036
0.493
0.972
0.980
1.485
1.990
1.997
2.399
2.803
2.810
3.418
4.024
4.031
5.242
6.453
4.691

0.025
0.352
0.695
0.700
1.061
1.421
1.426
1.714
2.002
2.007
2.441
2.874
2.879
3.745
4.609
3.351

0.03497
0.38941
0.62183
0.62451
0.77351
0.86324
0.86422
0.90923
0.93939
0.93982
0.96721
0.98212
0.98224
0.99471
0.99842
0.99082

0.02511
0.29698
0.50071
0.50325
0.65380
0.75856
0.75978
0.81984
0.86498
0.86567
0.91294
0.94354
0.94383
0.97635
0.99004
0.96494

Frictinal Pres. (T/M2)

Filling
0.176
2.079
3.505
3.523
4.577
5.310
5.318
5.739
6.055
6.060
6.391
6.605
6.607
6.834

Emptying
0.245
2.726
4.353
4.372
5.415
6.043
6.050
6.365
6.576
6.579
6.770
6.875
6.876
6.963

(1 - e ( -Z/Zo ) )

Z
(M)
0.35
4.85
9.56
9.63
14.60
19.56
19.63
23.59
27.56
27.63
33.60
39.56
39.63
51.54

(Pi)max

Total Vertical Load due to

friction on Wall (T)
5.38
425.35
1472.77
1491.95
3019.94
4805.24
4831.84
6376.24
7990.18
8019.11
10522.80
13077.73
13107.97
18285.90

Lateral Pressure (T/M2)

During Emptying
0.3370
3.7518
5.9911
6.0170
7.4525
8.3171
8.3264
8.7602
9.0507
9.0549
9.3188
9.4624
9.4636
9.5837
9.6195
9.5463

During Filling
0.24191
2.86133
4.82421
4.84861
6.29919
7.30844
7.32024
7.89890
8.33382
8.34042
8.79590
9.09069
9.09345
9.40686
9.53871
9.29690

63.44

6.930

6.989

23501.83

Patch Loads & Eccentric Loads

The feed and discharge of materials to and from the silo are symmetrical with respect to the silo.
As such, no additional load need be considered on these accounts.
Pneumatic emptying loads
There will be no further increment in pressure for pneumatic emptying as the maximum aeration pressure provided
through air-slides is around 0.7/0.8 bar which is less than the material pressure calculated at that level.
3.9

Calculation of Vertical Stresses in Silo Wall above Inverted Cone Bottom

DL + LL + ML + SL / WL
Net area of concrete in wall without
30.278
M2
=
reinf. at bottom(A )
c

Area of vertical reinforcement at

bottom(As)

M2

0.27618

Modular Ratio (m)

9.33
= 280/3/cbc =
Section Modulus
Z
=
168.18
M3
Axial Load
W
=
29056
T
(Total Axial Load=Total vertical load on wall due to friction+Selfweight of silo wall+Self weight of roof slab & equipments+Live load on roof)
Bending Moment
M
=
32277
TM
(Maximum bending moment due to wind & seismic at top of ring beam)
Eccentricity
e
=
M/W
1.111 M
<
3.413
M Therefore, the whole section is under comp
Shell Thickness
t
=
0.475
M
Dmean =
Mean dia.
20.475
M
M 30 Grade of Concrete

Maximum allowable compressive force in concrete wall

Maximum compressive stress in concrete shell

30050

10.55

N/mm

>
<

10.64

29056
OK

Including moment for wind/seismic load. So 33.33% allowable stress will increase
Minm. % of Vertical Rebars to be provided as per code

As reqd.

0.20

3.10

475

mm2

Provide 16 @ 120 c/c (IF), 20 @ 120 c/c (OF) upto 3 stage & 12 @ 120 c/c (IF), 16 @ 120 c/c(OF) above 3 stage of wall
Design against Hoop Tension due to Load Ph
rd

Kd

Dead Load Factor

1.0

Kl

live Load Factor

Lateral Pressure ( Ph)

Height

1st Stage 2nd Stage 3rd Stage 4th Stage 5th Stage

rd

1.0

Overpressure Co-efficient

Rebars (IF) (for hoop tension)

Design

Factored

Hoop Tension
T = Ph * D / 2

Steel

from top

Reqd.

s reqd.

s prov.

(M)
0.35
4.85
9.56
9.63
14.60
19.56
19.63
23.59
27.56
27.63
33.60
39.56
39.63
51.54
63.44

T/M
0.337
3.752
5.991
6.017
7.453
8.317
8.326
8.760
9.051
9.055
9.319
9.462
9.464
9.584
9.619

T/M
0.590
6.566
10.484
10.530
13.042
14.555
14.571
15.330
15.839
15.846
16.308
16.559
16.561
16.772
16.834

T/M of Height
6.037
67.216
107.334
107.797
133.516
149.006
149.173
156.944
162.149
162.223
166.951
169.524
169.546
171.699
172.339

mm /m
257.41081
2866.0219
4576.6441
4596.3915
5693.0243
6353.4755
6360.6165
6691.9603
6913.9006
6917.0655
7118.6631
7228.3698
7229.3036
7321.0766
7348.3919

mm
16
16
16
16
16
16
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20

mm (c/c)
1562
140
88
87
71
63
99
94
91
91
88
87
87
86
86

mm (c/c)
90
90
90
70
70
70
75
75
75
75
75
75
65
65
65

mm
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25

Rebars (OF

3.11 Temperature Change through Bin Wall (refer IS: 4995 Part II - 1974)
o
o
i
o
C
C
=
90
=
5
( i

t
Cc

1
Ca

t
Cc

M
c

Therefore,

=
=

5000

/
1
Cs

1
15

c
x

SQRT cu/2

893098.96 cm4
M
= 13.067839 T-M/M
Ast
= 1419.6211 mm2/M

46.14

0.475
2

1
7.5

0.4375
where,

136930.639376 kg/cm

0.000011

per degree cent

i)

Calculation of Crack-Width for Silo Wall (refer IS: 4995 Part II - 1974)
'
cr
) sa
=
10^(-6)
( 4
po
'

po

As

2.00
As
Act

cm
=

118.46

0.05

sa

Act

4750.00

cm2

3610.5

mm

OK

0.003

6
x

po

)2

sa

2.494
cm2

ii) Minimum thickness of Silo Wall (refer IS: 4995 Part II - 1974)
t
= 10 + 2.5 * ( D - 3 ) / 3
=
241.67
mm
= 10 + 2.5 * ( h - 6 ) / 12
=
219.67
mm
t
=
150
mm (Minimum for Slipform Concrete)
t

t(min)

241.67

mm

Provided

475.00

iii) Minimum thickness of Silo Wall (refer IS: 4995 Part II - 1974)
(n*Es + sa - mt')
t(min) =
* (Ty)st
(100*sa*t')

3.12

n
Es

Concrete shrinkage coefficient

Modulus of elasticity of reinforcing steel

2000000 kg/cm2

sa

Stress in reinforcing steel

1454.8665 kg/cm2

Modular ratio

280/3/cbc

cbc

Permissible bending stress in concrete

100

t'

Tensile strength of concrete

(Ty)st

Static ring tensile force per unit length

t(min)

134.38

9.333

kg/cm

1.19*sqrt(cu)
1723

6.52

kg/cm3

kg/cm

mm

Design of Silo Wall upto Inverted Cone L

a Design Loads , Moments and Shear
i) DL+ LL+ML+ SL
i.e. at Top of Base
M2
Area of shell
A
=
53.674
Section Modulus
Z
=
269.712 M3
Axial Load
W
=
34872
T
(Total Axial Load = Total selt weight of structure + Material weight + Equipment load + Live load on structure)
Bending Moment
M
=
47165
TM
(Maximum bending moment due to wind & seismic at top of foundation)
Shear Force
S
=
824.6
T
Eccentricity
e
=
M/W
= 1.3525249175 M
M
Shell Thickness
t
=
0.850
Mean Radius

Max. Compr. Stress

Max. Compr. Stress

10.05

=
=

6.50
8.25

M
N/mm2

<
<

N/mm2

8.0
10.64

OK
OK

Including moment for wind/seismic load. So 33.33% allowable stress will increase
Minm. % of Vertical Rebars to be provided as per code

Provide
16
@
120
on each face of the silo
Minm. % of Circumferential Rebars to be provided as per code

Provide
25
@
120
on each face of the silo
3.13

=
=

Determination of Pressure in Inverted Cone :--Temp. Moment =Ec*h^2*c*t/(1-)

Eff. Thickness
Temp. Steel Reqd.
Maxm. Mom without comp. Steel & N.A at .6
Tensile Stress
Factor for Addl. Hor. Pressure
Normal Pressure coeff (Cn)

17.42

Tm/m

450
1897.4
66.0
339.9
340.5
1.35
0.75625

mm
mm2/m

As reqd.

0.20
0.25

=
As reqd.

850
=

mm2
1062.5

Tangential Pressure coeff (Ct)

0.14073

Friction Coeff =Cn/Ct

0.18609

Depth
0.77
2.30
3.83
5.36
6.89
8.43
9.96
11.49
13.02
14.55
Total

Dia

Ph

Pv

Normal

Tangent

0.88
2.65
4.42
6.19
7.96
9.73
11.50
13.27
15.04
16.81

11.86
11.89
11.89
11.85
11.77
11.60
11.33
10.91
10.26
9.24

23.73
23.77
23.78
23.71
23.53
23.21
22.66
21.81
20.51
18.48

17.95
17.98
17.98
17.93
17.80
17.55
17.14
16.50
15.51
13.98

3.34
3.35
3.35
3.34
3.31
3.27
3.19
3.07
2.89
2.60

Cantilever Mom
Diff. In Mom. (Temp. Codn.)
Diff. In Mom. (Cantilever Codn.)
Design Mom
Axial Force (imposed)
Net Axial Force
Net Vertical Force (F)
Eff. Depth
Mom about Tensile Steel
Maxm. Mom without comp. Steel
Comp. Steel Reqd
Tensile Steel Reqd.

41.6
2.0
12.6
38.8
15
111.7
112.9
450.0
61.2
56.3
1000
985.9

TM
TM
TM
TM
T
T
T
MM
TM
TM
mm2
mm2

2000

mm

Friction
Vert. Wl
6.85
6.86
6.86
6.84
6.79
6.70
6.54
6.30
5.92
5.34
99.60

Mom abt
Ten. Steel
20.77
27.20
33.63
40.00
46.19
52.07
57.38
61.79
64.69
65.03

Tensile St
Reqd.
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36
1897.36

Comp.St.
Reqd.
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00
1000.00

Comp.
Force
16.76
48.92
81.07
112.89
143.88
173.24
199.83
221.85
236.39
238.06

3.14 Design of Ring Beam

Size of beam
577
=
Hoop Tension (T)=F*D/2/Tan()

651.867532754
Tensile Steel=T*10/.23
28342.067 mm2
This force will be resisted by hoop steel in ring beam and in part of wall adjacent to ring beam (effective height 2M)
Reinf in Wall :- 25 @70 c/c + 25 @ 140 c/c + 20 @140 c/c =
25014.9315 mm2
Reinf in Ring Beaml :- 10-20 f +12-25 f =
12867.96351 mm2
Total
37882.89501 OK
3.15 Design of Bracket
Total material weight =
Frictional Forces =
Weight of Upper wall =

38012
6258
7776

Moment from the left side

Effective moment in bracket

=
=
=

0.87*fy*d
0.87*fy^2/(fck*b)
Area of Steel required for torsion
Area required for hoop tension
Total reinforcement area required
Reinforcement provided

=
=

123.76

T
T
T
85.5

475

T-m/m
T-m/m

100.75
337942.8 N/mm
4.7476473 N/mm3
3117.6853 mm2

=
=

6099.1929 mm2

21-32 + 15-25
24252.31 mm2

505.37
99.60

9216.8782 mm

763

517
202

850
OK

(1 - e ( -Z/Zo ) )
Lateral Pressure (T/M2)
During Filling
0.24191
2.86133
4.82421
4.84861
6.29919
7.30844
7.32024
7.89890
8.33382
8.34042
8.79590
9.09069
9.09345
9.40686
9.53871
9.29690

Therefore, the whole section is under compression

OK

Overpressure Co-efficient

1.75

Rebars (OF) (for HT & temp.)

s reqd.

s prov.

mm
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25

mm (c/c)
203
110
85
85
74
68
68
66
64
101
99
98
98
97
96

mm (c/c)
90
90
90
70
70
70
60
60
60
75
75
75
70
70
70

per degree centigrade

0.01458677

<

0.02
OK

mm2

Comp.
Force
16.76
48.92
81.07
112.89
143.88
173.24
199.83
221.85
236.39
238.06

Allowable
Force
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00
375.00

202

800

25.31

Vertical
Force
29.16
175.29
292.20
407.94
520.63
627.44
724.13
804.22
857.08
863.17
5301.26