How To Conduct A Good Interview
How To Conduct A Good Interview
Article 1:
Tips for the interviewer
By Tom Whitley
Network World on Careers, 03/01/99
In response to a recent column, several readers asked for more tips on how to
approach an interview from the interviewerʹs viewpoint. Here is a list of
suggestions to be used as a starting point.
¾ Be sure you know what skills, traits, attitudes, etc. you want in the people
you hire. Write a complete job description if one doesnʹt already exist.
¾ Define the areas most important to the position. For example ‐ technical
skills, attitude, motivation, initiative, work habits, social skills, analytical
ability, etc.
¾ Rank the areas in their order of importance top to bottom.
¾ Learn how to ask interview questions. My suggestion would be to learn a
currently popular but very effective technique called ʺbehavioral
interviewingʺ. In essence, it involves asking the candidate how they reacted
in a real situation instead of a theoretical one. Rather than ʺhow do you
react to stress?ʺ you might say ʺdescribe for me a recent situation when you
were under a lot of stress and tell me how you reacted to it.ʺ
¾ Develop a repertoire of questions to spotlight each area you defined earlier
as being important.
¾ Prepare an interview ʺplan sheetʺ that lists all the information you want to
tell candidates. Also, prepare a checklist of important areas that you want to
discuss with them.
¾ Learn how to listen to what the person is really telling you. Donʹt try to
formulate your next question while halfheartedly listening.
¾ Take notes during or immediately after the interview.
¾ If more than one person will interview the candidate, give each of them a
copy of the plan sheet and ensure that they know why they are interviewing
the candidate. Meet with them and review their notes as soon after the
interview as you can.
¾ Consider using a commercially available ʺpersonality trait assessment
systemʺ. We use one that can be completed by the candidate in a matter of
minutes and immediately
¾ evaluated by PC based software. It wonʹt tell you everything you need to
know but it is a good tool when used properly. I evaluated myself and
quickly became a believer ‐ it was very accurate!
¾ Develop a personal interviewing style or system, you will be more
organized and at ease if you do this. By following the same path through
each interview, you will be able to compare candidates using consistent
data.
¾ Commit to yourself and the candidate that you will make a go or a no‐go
decision within 48 hours of the interview (go means to the next level in the
process). That commitment will force everyone involved to prepare for the
interview, to conduct the interview and to make a decision ‐ not waffle.
Indecision is enemy #1 in the hiring process. You owe yourself and the
candidate the courtesy of an expedient decision.
I have hardly scratched the surface ... we may need to revisit this area. Comments?
Article 2:
INTERVIEW TIPS FOR THE INTERVIEWER
Choosing Questions to Ask
The Interview
‐‐ Establishing Goodwill
‐‐ Suggested Questions to Ask
‐‐ Topics to Avoid
‐‐ Inquiry and Listening Tools
‐‐ Checking References
The first crucial step in the interviewing process is to review the job description for
the position. You develop your list of questions based on the skills, education, and
experience requirements of the position. Here are some tips:
• Create several questions which related to a specific skill. Include questions
which will introduce levels of competence in that specific area.
• Make sure that the questions are focused on the important competencies
required for that position.
• Have a clear idea of correct responses. If you are not familiar with the area,
do not ask the questions. Leave others who are technically competent to ask
the questions and measure the response.
• Ask general questions which could not be answered without knowledge of
your specific industry.
• Be prepared for and anticipate second and third party questions based on
the candidateʹs responses.
ESTABLISHING GOODWILL
It is important to give the interviewee a realistic and positive impression of the
position, department, and University. Remember, you are looking for the person
that is the best fit and the applicant is looking for the same. Misleading the
applicant will not benefit anyone. In an effort to establish goodwill:
Do Donʹt
• Tell prospective employees
• Give assurances of a job, job
that the University
security or continued
(department)is a good place to
employment. Never use
work, that it is a progressive
phrases such as, ʺas long as you
employer and that it is
do a good job,ʺ or ʺuntil youʹre
concerned about the welfare of
ready to retire.ʺ
its employees.
• Tell prospective employees • Try to induce individuals away
that the past and present from other employment with
history of the University assurances and promises, such
(department) has been the fair as ʺyouʹll have a permanent job
treatment of its employees. here.ʺ
• Tell prospective employees
what procedures supervisors
• Promise or imply that
usually follow for informing
employment will not be
them of
terminated.
unsatisfactory/satisfactory
performance of the job.
• Provide any additional
• Tell the prospective employee
assurance of job security as
who in management has the
described above, on promotion
authority to review any
or transfer to other jobs within
employment decisions.
the University.
SUGGESTED QUESTIONS TO ASK
Always ask open‐ended questions so that you will be able to gather more
information. Open‐ended questions begin with words like: How, What, Why,
Describe, Tell me, Explain, and When. Here are some examples of questions you
might want to ask:
• Tell me about yourself.
• What are your five most significant accomplishments?
• What three adjectives best describe you?
• Why should we hire you?
• What specialized skills or talents do you offer?
• Why are you leaving your current job?
• What did you like most/least about your last job?
• What is your favorite job to date and why?
• Do you prefer to work on a team or on your own?
• What kind of management style do you prefer?
• What kind of manager are you?
• What new skills/experiences do you want from your next job?
• Describe some of the most significant responsibilities you have managed in
a work environment.
• Name some performance achievements of which you are proud.
• Describe a situation in which your work was criticized and how you
handled it.
• Give me an example of a time when you were:
‐‐especially hard working.
‐‐not motivated to work hard.
‐‐proud of your ability to cope.
‐‐disappointed with your coping skills.
‐‐especially adaptable.
‐‐especially stubborn.
‐‐motivated by a ʺgoodʺ boss.
‐‐de motivated by a ʺbadʺ boss.
‐‐especially creative.
‐‐not able to use your creative skills.
‐‐able to accept change.
‐‐resistant to change.
‐‐motivated to take charge and be a leader.
‐‐motivated to sit back and be a follower.
TOPICS to AVOID
• arrest records
• gender and marital status
• length of residence
• place of birth
• religion
• weight
• age
• prior illnesses/hospitalizations
• disabilities
• lawsuits or legal complaints
• workersʹ compensation claims
In short, if it isnʹt related to the job... DONʹT ASK!!!!
Inquiry and Listening Tools
1. Follow the 70/30 rule. This means that the interviewer should listen 70% of
the time during the interview and only talk 30% of the time.
2. Use echoes. Paraphrase the intervieweeʹs answers to show that you are
listening and understand. This gives them the chance to better explain if
they need to do so.
3. Be conversational! An interview should not be like an interrogation!
Checking References
Anytime you are considering someone for employment, it is wise to check their
references. This is one way to get good, solid, information about the applicant.
Some tips for collecting reference information are:
• During the interview, tell the applicant that you will be checking references.
Gather names of several job‐related references not listed on the candidateʹs
own reference list.
• Ask applicants to name individuals who should not be contacted for
references and get them to explain why.
• Ask applicants to provide copies of past performance reviews.
• Conduct reference checking as the last step in the hiring process.
• Check more than one reference.
• Ask open‐ended questions about employment history, job performance, and
potential problems.
• Evaluate negative references fairly. A negative response from one
individual doesnʹt necessarily mean the candidate is unqualified or difficult
to work with.