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Gas Field Engineering - Gas Well Performance

The document discusses methods for determining static and flowing bottom-hole pressures in gas wells. It provides equations and techniques for calculating static bottom-hole pressure using different methods that assume static conditions with no flow. These include using the basic energy equation and accounting for factors like well depth, temperature, and gas properties. Iterative techniques are described for the average temperature and z-factor method which assumes constant average temperature and z-factor to solve for bottom-hole pressure. The document also discusses determining flowing bottom-hole pressure based on conditions like separator pressure and piping configuration.

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Loh Chun Liang
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241 views20 pages

Gas Field Engineering - Gas Well Performance

The document discusses methods for determining static and flowing bottom-hole pressures in gas wells. It provides equations and techniques for calculating static bottom-hole pressure using different methods that assume static conditions with no flow. These include using the basic energy equation and accounting for factors like well depth, temperature, and gas properties. Iterative techniques are described for the average temperature and z-factor method which assumes constant average temperature and z-factor to solve for bottom-hole pressure. The document also discusses determining flowing bottom-hole pressure based on conditions like separator pressure and piping configuration.

Uploaded by

Loh Chun Liang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GAS FIELD ENGINEERING

Gas Well Performance

CONTENTS

6.1
6.2
6.3

Gas Well Performance


Static Bottom-hole Pressure(static BHP)
Flowing Bottom-hole Pressure(flowing BHP)

LESSON LEARNING OUTCOME

At the end of the session, students should be able to:


Determine static bottom-hole pressure(static BHP) using
different methods
Determine flowing bottom-hole pressure(flowing BHP) using
different methods

Gas Well Performance

Figure (6.1) Gas Production Schematic

Gas Well Performance


Deliverability

The ability of reservoir to deliver a certain quantity


of gas depends upon:
1. inflow performance relationship (IPR)
2. flowing bottom-hole pressure (FBHP)
Well & Facilities Performance

Flowing bottom-hole pressure depends upon:


1. Separator pressure

2. Configuration of the piping system

Gas Well Performance


These conditions can be expressed as:
(8.1)

(8.2)

Bottom-Hole Pressures (BHP)


The bottom hole pressure (BHP) must be known in order to
predict the productivity or absolute open flow potential (AOF) of
gas wells.
Preferred method is a BHP gauge (down-hole pressure gauge).
However, BHP can be estimated if following is known:

well head pressure,


well head temperature,
formation temperature,
well depth
gas specific gravity

Basic Energy Equation when no flow


For a static gas column, the basic energy balance is:

OR

Further assume that the local g equals


the g constant (g = gc) and re-arrange:

11

Static BHP for Slanted Wells


For slanted wells as shown below, total
length L and depth Z are related:

Relates Inclination to
Pipe Length & angle
12

BHP for slanted wells


In differential form:

Where dZ is the change in the elevation in the upward


direction and dL is positive upwards.
-- Assuming a single-phase fluid that obeys the real gas
equation of state (EOS), gas density can be expressed as a
function of pressure:

13

BHP for slanted wells


Combining the equations yields:

Combine with:

AND

To get:

14

Root of all methods for BHSP calc.

Relates the change in wellbore pressure


as a function of depth and gas density.
Derived from Energy Balance
Assumed static conditions (no kinetic
energy, friction loss or work done)
Replaced density with EOS (equation of
state)

Average Temp. & z-Factor Method

Both gas density & z factor are p & T


dependent and change with well depth
Solving the root equation is thus difficult
If T & z-factor are assumed constant then
a solution can be obtained as follows:

whose solution is

Solution Technique

Because depends on p which is unknown,


solution requires an iterative process.
1. Assume a value of BHSP,
, A good
guess can be obtained from:

2. Compute avg pressure & temperature & use it


to find avg z-factor
3. Calculate
with the earlier equation.
4. Iterate on steps 2 through 4 until
converges.

Example for Class Participation

Since depends on p which is unknown,


solution requires an iterative process.
1. Assume a value of BHSP,
. A good
guess can be obtained from:

2. Compute avg pressure & temperature


& use it to find avg z-factor
3. Calculate
with the earlier equation.
4. Iterate on steps 2 to 4 until
converges.

Example Solution

Example Solution

Because of the simplifying assumptions made in its


development, this method is not accurate for deeper
wells and alternate methods should be used.

Q&A

24

Thank You

25

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