The three tissue systems in vascular plants are the dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. The dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, and features like the epidermis, stomata and cuticle help control gas exchange and prevent water loss. The vascular tissues transport water, minerals and organic compounds through two types of tissues - xylem and phloem. Xylem carries water and minerals upwards, while phloem transports sugars and other compounds throughout the plant. Ground tissue fills much of the inside of the plant, surrounds and supports the vascular tissue, and its cells specialize based on location to perform functions like photosynthesis, storage, and support.
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The three tissue systems in vascular plants are the dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. The dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, and features like the epidermis, stomata and cuticle help control gas exchange and prevent water loss. The vascular tissues transport water, minerals and organic compounds through two types of tissues - xylem and phloem. Xylem carries water and minerals upwards, while phloem transports sugars and other compounds throughout the plant. Ground tissue fills much of the inside of the plant, surrounds and supports the vascular tissue, and its cells specialize based on location to perform functions like photosynthesis, storage, and support.
The three tissue systems in vascular plants are the dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. The dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, and features like the epidermis, stomata and cuticle help control gas exchange and prevent water loss. The vascular tissues transport water, minerals and organic compounds through two types of tissues - xylem and phloem. Xylem carries water and minerals upwards, while phloem transports sugars and other compounds throughout the plant. Ground tissue fills much of the inside of the plant, surrounds and supports the vascular tissue, and its cells specialize based on location to perform functions like photosynthesis, storage, and support.
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The three tissue systems in vascular plants are the dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. The dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, and features like the epidermis, stomata and cuticle help control gas exchange and prevent water loss. The vascular tissues transport water, minerals and organic compounds through two types of tissues - xylem and phloem. Xylem carries water and minerals upwards, while phloem transports sugars and other compounds throughout the plant. Ground tissue fills much of the inside of the plant, surrounds and supports the vascular tissue, and its cells specialize based on location to perform functions like photosynthesis, storage, and support.
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Plant Tissue Systems
Key Ideas As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What three types of tissue are found in vascular plants? • What is the dermal tissue system? • What are two types of vascular tissue? • What is ground tissue? • How is a Plant’s Body Organized Like your body, a plant’s body is made of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. However, in plants, tissues are also arranged into tissue systems. The three tissue systems of vascular plants are: • The dermal tissue system • The vascular tissue system • The ground tissue system
What is Dermal Tissue?
Dermal tissue covers and protects a plant. The functions of the dermal tissue system include: • Protection • Gas exchange • Absorption of minerals
Dermal System Features
Feature Description Function Epidermis A single layer of flat cells Covers and protects the plant covering the nonwoody parts of a plant. Root hairs Hairlike extensions of Help the plant absorb water epidermal cells covering root tips. Cork Several layers of dead cells Helps prevent water loss covering woody stems and roots. Cuticle Coats the epidermis of leaves Helps protect the leaves and and nonwoody stems stem and prevents water loss Stomata (singular, stoma) Tiny pores typically found on Allow gases, such as carbon the surfaces leaves dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor, to enter and leave the plant. Guard cells A pair of cells that borders Open and close the stoma. each stoma
What is Vascular Tissue?
Vascular tissue carries materials such as water, minerals, and organic compounds through a plant. The minerals, and organic compounds through a plant. The cells that make up vascular tissue are stacked end to end like sections of pipe. Vascular tissues let plants grow much taller than plants that do not have vascular tissues. The two kinds of vascular tissue are xylem and ploem.
Xylem
Xylem carries water and minerals from the roots up to the leaves. Xylem is made up of cells called tracheids and vessel elements. These cells are dead, and only the cell walls remain. As a result, water can pass through these cells easily.
Phloem
Phloem carries organic compounds, such as sugars, from the leaves to the rest of the plant. Phloem is made up of sieve-tube members and companion cells. Sieve-tube members are specialized for moving materials from one cell to the next. Companion cells carry out cellular processes, such as respiration, for themselves and the sieve-tube members. Unlike the cells that make up xylem, the cells that make up phloem are living. What is Ground Tissue? Much of the inside of the nonwoody parts of a plant is made up of ground tissue. Ground tissue surrounds and supports vascular tissue.
Ground tissue contains many different cell types. Each type has a particular function depending on where the cell is found in the plant. For example, the ground tissue in leaves is made up of cells that have many chloroplasts. These cells are specialized for photosynthesis. The ground tissue in stems and roots is specialized for support and storage of water and nutrients. The cells of these ground tissues typically have large vacuoles for storage.
