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ICT Applications For Environmental Management in Korea: Park, Sang Hyun

The document summarizes several environmental monitoring systems developed in Korea that utilize information and communication technologies (ICTs). It describes an infectious waste management system using RFID to track waste from producers to disposal, a river monitoring system with sensors that detect water conditions and provide data to officials and citizens, an air pollution monitoring system with sensors in factory chimneys that transmit emissions data in real-time, and a coastal monitoring system in Jeju Island that uses sensors to detect sea surface temperature and dissolved oxygen. The conclusion states that Korea is working to develop remote environmental monitoring systems using technologies like ubiquitous sensor networks and RFID to prevent pollution and safely dispose of waste.

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Matthew Battle
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62 views24 pages

ICT Applications For Environmental Management in Korea: Park, Sang Hyun

The document summarizes several environmental monitoring systems developed in Korea that utilize information and communication technologies (ICTs). It describes an infectious waste management system using RFID to track waste from producers to disposal, a river monitoring system with sensors that detect water conditions and provide data to officials and citizens, an air pollution monitoring system with sensors in factory chimneys that transmit emissions data in real-time, and a coastal monitoring system in Jeju Island that uses sensors to detect sea surface temperature and dissolved oxygen. The conclusion states that Korea is working to develop remote environmental monitoring systems using technologies like ubiquitous sensor networks and RFID to prevent pollution and safely dispose of waste.

Uploaded by

Matthew Battle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

OECD Workshop on ICTs and Environmental Challenges

ICT Applications for


Environmental Management in Korea

May 22, 2008

Park, Sang Hyun


Senior Researcher, Ph.D. ([email protected])
National Information Society Agency

www.nia.or.kr

Table of Contents
I

Introduction

II

Infectious Waste Management System

III

River Monitoring System

IV

Air Pollution Monitoring System

Jeju Island Coast Monitoring System

VI

Conclusion
www.nia.or.kr

Introduction
Environmental damage from industrialization is becoming increasingly
serious.
Actually, once destroyed, it is hard to recover the environment.

Accordingly, the paradigm of environmental management is shifting


from recovery and mitigation to prevention.

www.nia.or.kr

Introduction
Environmental monitoring is the most basic and necessary activity of
preventing environmental damage. ICTs are expected to play a major
role in preventing environmental damages by detecting them in
advance.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to build an information system for
monitoring environment and analyzing environmental information in
real-time.
1850

Source: IITA (2007)

1900

1950

2000

www.nia.or.kr

Introduction
Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) and RFID, in particular, are core
technologies of such an infrastructure, which enable intelligent
environmental management.
Korea has carried out a variety of projects for developing environmental
monitoring systems that use USN and RFID to monitor the air, rivers,
the seawater, waste, etc. in real-time, and some of those have already
been commercialized.
Sensor Node and Antenna

Source: NIA (2006)

Temperature and DO Sensor

Wind Power Generator

Solar Collector

www.nia.or.kr

Infectious Waste Management System

Infectious waste including contagious discarded


blood and contaminated medical supplies can inflict
deadly harm to humans as well as the environment
when they are discharged or left neglected.

www.nia.or.kr

Infectious Waste Management System


The introduction of RFID to the management of infectious waste,
ranging from delivery to disposal, enables a transparent, efficient, and
safe management of infectious waste.
In 2006, the nation developed the RFID-based infectious waste
management system for producers and disposers of infectious waste.

From August 2008, a total of about 50,000 producers, deliverers, and


disposers of infectious waste will be required to adopt the RFID system.
The infectious waste management system using RFID was expanded to
Allbaro System (
) to manage hazardous waste, hazardous
chemical materials, construction waste, etc.
As of December 2007, more than 80% (2,182,000 ton) of hazardous
waste were managed under Allbaro System (
).

www.nia.or.kr

Infectious Waste Management System

Med-Large sized Hospitals


Issue a tag by using a tag issuing
machine
Automatic measurement of waste
weight (Electronic scale)
Waste warehouse management (Fixed
reader)
Producer certification (Certification
card)

Deliverers
Issue tags for wastes produced by the
rest of hospitals
(Tag issuing machine)
Collect and deliver waste (Portable
reader)

Small sized Hospitals


Deliverer receives waste
(Portable reader)
Input the weight written by
producer to the reader
Producer certification (Certification
card)

Disposal Companies
Receive waste and manage disposal
record (Fixed reader)
Manage delivery trucks
(Vehicle reader)

www.nia.or.kr

Infectious Waste Management System

www.nia.or.kr

Infectious Waste Management System

Source: Ministry of Environment

www.nia.or.kr

River Monitoring System

River monitoring system is a system, which monitors pH,


DO*, water temperature, the water level, etc.
USN-based river monitoring systems are installed on
seven bridges in three rivers in Daejeon metropolitan city.
Collected data are provided to public officials in charge and citizens
through electric bulletin boards and the city's website in real-time.
If there are abnormal signs such as environmental pollution,
temperature rise, and too high UV* index levels, the related information
is delivered to people in charge through text messages.
The networks are test-operated during the year of 2008, and will be run
in earnest from 2009.
* DO: dissolved oxygen * UV: ultraviolet

www.nia.or.kr

River Monitoring System


USN Zigbee Network
- 2.4Ghz
- Sensor/Router/Gateway

Department of
the Environment
Real-time pollution detection

CDMA

7Cluster

UV Index : 5
Humidity : fine
Good for jogging

Send messages
to the e-bulletin board

Environment
monitoring system
through accumulation
and analysis of river
ecosystem-related data

River Health Index : 9


River Stage : normal

Sensing of atmospheric temperature, illumination, humidity,


UV rays, water level and temperature, and dissolved oxygen,
etc

Source: NIA (2007)

River Management Office

www.nia.or.kr

River Monitoring System

Temperature : 4.96 oC
Intensity of illumination :
3 lux
Humidity : 27.96%
UV Index : 1 UV

www.nia.or.kr

Air Pollution Monitoring System

Air pollution monitoring system is a system, which


monitors air-polluting materials produced by places of
business and creates basic statistical data for calculation
of emission charges and for administrative disposition.
A key component of the system is a wireless sensor installed in the
chimney of a factory, which senses emissions and sends the related
information to the control center in real-time.

In Korea, a place of business that emits more than 10 tons of air


polluting gases per year is required to equip itself with an air pollution
monitoring system.
www.nia.or.kr

Air Pollution Monitoring System


Place of Business
(Factory)
Installation and operation of wireless
sensors

Levying of emission charges


Administrative disposition
Crackdown on places of business that
discharge polluting materials

Local Governments

Environmental Management
Corporation (EMC)
Operation of a control center
Provision of information to local
governments
Provision of technical support to places
of business

General management
Development of air pollution policy
Improvement of laws and regulations

Ministry of Environment (ME)


www.nia.or.kr

Air Pollution Monitoring System


Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd (KOMIPO) monitors its emission of air
polluting materials through air pollution monitoring system.
Wireless sensors installed in plant chimneys measure SOx, NOx, dust,
flux, temperature, etc. in real-time.
Data collected through the real-time measurement are sent to the
central control room of KOMIPO, Ministry of Environment and local
governments on a real-time basis.
Based on the data, they monitor whether the plant observes the
environmental laws.
In case, due to an abnormal operation, the amount of polluting materials
exceeds its own standard, the central control room gives an alarm and
sends a text message to a person in charge, establishing a system
enabling a quick response to the danger.
www.nia.or.kr

Air Pollution Monitoring System

Measuring
Instrument

Field Monitoring
Data Collector

Chimney

Intermediate
Data Collector

Wireless Modem

Server

Internal TV

SMS
Source: KOMIPO

Environment Monitoring System

PC

Environmental Chemical Information

www.nia.or.kr

Jeju Island Coast Monitoring System


As marine ecosystem has been much affected by rapid global climate
change and marine pollution, there is an increasing need for real-time

ocean management to secure cleanness of marine products.


In 2005, NIA (National Information Society Agency) and Jeju Knowledge
Industry Promotion Agency (Jeju KIPA) in Korea developed and test-

operated a monitoring system for Jeju Island coast.

www.nia.or.kr

Jeju Island Coast Monitoring System


The system uses Zigbee, a wireless network that operates in 2.45GHz,
to collect and analyze environmental information such as sea surface
temperature and DO.

During the test operation of the system, NIA and Jeju KIPA carried out
experiments on sensors' durability, water resistance and corrosion
resistance, and tried to find any possible problems that might occur in
the construction of the system.
It also checked whether the field data in coastal waters and the sensorsmeasured data were identical.

As a result of the test operation, it was proved that it is possible to


conduct real-time remote monitoring of marine information like sea
surface temperature and DO.
www.nia.or.kr

Jeju Island Coast Monitoring System


Sink node

Data collection
(Collection node)

230m

Zigbee comm.
Broad casting
Farms
Fishing community
office
Ethernet comm.

Sensor nodes
Solar cell
Zigbee board

Source: NIA (2006)

DO sensor
Temp. sensor

Ad-hoc networking
- 2.45GHz
- Self routing
- 230m communication
coverage

Data-using Centers
- Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute
- Korea Meteorological Administration
- Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM)

www.nia.or.kr

Jeju Island Coast Monitoring System


However, a few problems were found with sensor reliability and power
supply, so the agency improved on the system.
For example, sensors attached buoys in sea water were detached from
the buoys, lost, and broken, so the attachment method has been
changed.
In addition, the supply of power using solar heat was not stable.
Therefore, the power supply source has been changed from the sun to
the wind.
Sensor nodes

Source: NIA (2006)

Installed sensor nodes

Collection node

Sink node

www.nia.or.kr

Conclusion
At the national level, Korea has endeavored to develop remote
monitoring systems, which use USN or RFID technologies to prevent
the pollution of the air, rivers, and the sea, and to dispose waste safely.

Although many of the systems are just in the test operation phase, their
commercialization and application are being accelerated.
In the future, environmental monitoring systems will have to evolve into
more intelligent, autonomous ones, which not only collect
environmental information but also analyze collected data, give an early
warning, and prevent environmental disasters.

Furthermore, environmental monitoring has to be done in real-time from


everywhere because environmental pollution can occur everywhere in
the air, the sea, or in the soil, and pollution is not limited to any specific
area.
www.nia.or.kr

Conclusion

Expansion direction

State-of-the-art technologies including USN and RFID will enable


reliable and thorough environmental monitoring.
Vegetation mgt.
-Monitor growth of animals and plants
designated as precious natural products
-Manage street afforestaton

Air pollution mgt.


-Tele monitoring systems
(SOx, Nox, COx )
-Ozone, dioxin warning center
Waste mgt.
-Track and manage
infectious waste
-Track and manage food
waste and collect costs
of disposing them

RFID/USN based
intelligent
environment
management
system

Soil mgt.
-Monitor and warn heavy metal pollution of
soil
-Monitor and warn oil leakage of gas station

Micro-mini smart tag


(2010)
Environment
information
sensing
(2008)

RFID
(2006)

Wireless recognition/record mgt.

Water mgt.
-River monitoring systems
-Coast monitoring systems
-Monitor discharge of waste water
-Monitor and warn about oil spill

Integrate sensors

Disaster mgt.
-Track and monitor circulation of
hazardous chemicals and warn against
their leakage
-Monitor forest fire

Autonomous sensor network

www.nia.or.kr

Thank You !

National Information Society Agency (NIA)


Since its establishment in 1987, NIA sowed the first seeds
in an information barren land starting with the construction
of the National Basic Systems (NBIS) and has for the past
21 years, continued in its efforts to solidify the foundation
upon which Korea could transform itself into a nation
strong in knowledge and information it has become today.

www.nia.or.kr

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