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Communication Model

The document is an assignment on communication models that contains three paragraphs. It defines communication as the transfer of information between two entities, and notes that digital communication represents messages as strings of 0s and 1s. It then outlines the key aspects of a communication system: ensuring the message reaches the correct destination (reliability), delivering the data accurately (reliability), and transmitting it quickly (speed). The document concludes by describing the five components of a basic communication model: the user, transmitter, communication channel, receiver, and destination. It provides examples of different types of communication channels and transmission media.

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112 views3 pages

Communication Model

The document is an assignment on communication models that contains three paragraphs. It defines communication as the transfer of information between two entities, and notes that digital communication represents messages as strings of 0s and 1s. It then outlines the key aspects of a communication system: ensuring the message reaches the correct destination (reliability), delivering the data accurately (reliability), and transmitting it quickly (speed). The document concludes by describing the five components of a basic communication model: the user, transmitter, communication channel, receiver, and destination. It provides examples of different types of communication channels and transmission media.

Uploaded by

SonaNoor
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name:

Rafique Ahmed Khaki


Roll No:

02

Subject
Data Communication
Assignment No:
01
Assignment Topic:
Communication Model
Date:
28/04/2012

Teacher Remarks

Signature

What is Communication.?
Communication is defined as transfer of information, such as thoughts and messages between
two entities. The invention of telegraph, radio, telephone, and television made possible
instantaneous communication over long distances.
In the context of computers and information technology (IT), the data are represented by binary
digit or bit has only two values 0s and 1s. In fact anything the computer deals with are 0s and 1s
only. Due to this it is called discrete or digital. In the digital world messages, thoughts,
numbers.. etc can be epresented in different streams of 0s and 1s.
Data communications concerns itself with the transmission (sending and receiving) of
information between two locations by means of electrical signals. The two types of electrical
signals are analog and digital. Data communication is the name given to the communication
where exchange of information takes place in the form of 0s and 1s over some kind of media
such as wire or wireless. The subject-Data Communications deals with the technology, tools,
products and equipment to make this happen.
Entire data communication system revolves around three fundamental concepts.
Destiny: The system should transmit the message to the correct intended destination. The
destination can be another user or another computer.
Reliability: The system should deliver the data to the destiny faithfully. Any unwanted
signals (noise) added along with the original data may play havoc!
Fast: The system should transmit the data as fast as possible within the technological
constraints. In case of audio and video data they must be received in the same order as they are
produced without adding any significant delays.

Communication model
The communication model has five sub systems viz., user, transmitter, communication channel,
receiver and destiny.
User: There will be a source that generates the message and a transducer that converts the
message into an electrical signal. The source can be a person in front of a microphone or a
computer itself sending a file. The user terminal is known as data terminal equipment (DTE).
Transmitter: Can be a radio frequency modulator combining the signal coming out of the data
equipment terminal. Here the radio frequency is acting as the carrier for the data signal. Or in
case of direct digital transmission the transmitter can be Manchester encoder transmitting digital
signals directly.

Communication channel: Can be guided media (twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic.,) or
unguided media (air, water .,). In both the cases communication is in the form of electromagnetic
waves. With guided media the electromagnetic waves are guided along a physical path.
Unguided media also called wireless the transmitting electromagnetic waves are not guided
along with a physical path. They are radiated through air/vacuum/water., etc.
Receiver: The receiver amplifies the received signals removes any unwanted signals (noise)
introduced by the communication channel during propagation of the signal and feeds to the
destiny.
Destiny: The user at the other end finally receives the message through the data terminal
equipment stationed at the other side.

Fig 1.1 (a) The block diagram of a data communication model


(b) A typical dial-up network
Fig 1.1 (b) shows a typical dial-up network setup. The data communication equipment (DCE) at
the transmitting end converts the digital signals into audio tones (modulation) so that the voice
grade telephone lines can be used as guided media during transmission. At the far end the
receiving audio tones, they are converted back to digital signals (Demodulation) by the data
communication equipment (DCE) and fed to the far end data terminal equipment (DTE).

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