Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 87 views

    Functional Anatomy Handout

    Uploaded by

    powerliftermilo
    The document discusses concepts in functional anatomy and muscle function from the perspective of the National Academy of Sports Medicine. It describes how muscles work synergistically as stabilizers and mobilizers to efficiently produce, reduce, and control forces during multi-planar movement. Imbalances between these muscle groups can lead to compensation patterns that increase injury risk by disrupting normal joint function and recruitment patterns. The focus is on developing functional strength and neuromuscular efficiency through integrated, multi-planar exercise rather than isolated movements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Functional Anatomy Handout

    Uploaded by

    powerliftermilo
    87 views10 pages
    The document discusses concepts in functional anatomy and muscle function from the perspective of the National Academy of Sports Medicine. It describes how muscles work synergistically as stabilizers and mobilizers to efficiently produce, reduce, and control forces during multi-planar movement. Imbalances between these muscle groups can lead to compensation patterns that increase injury risk by disrupting normal joint function and recruitment patterns. The focus is on developing functional strength and neuromuscular efficiency through integrated, multi-planar exercise rather than isolated movements.

    Original Description:

    Functional Anatomy Handout

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses concepts in functional anatomy and muscle function from the perspective of the National Academy of Sports Medicine. It describes how muscles work synergistically as stabilizers and mobilizers to efficiently produce, reduce, and control forces during multi-planar movement. Imbalances between these muscle groups can lead to compensation patterns that increase injury risk by disrupting normal joint function and recruitment patterns. The focus is on developing functional strength and neuromuscular efficiency through integrated, multi-planar exercise rather than isolated movements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views10 pages

    Functional Anatomy Handout

    Uploaded by

    powerliftermilo
    The document discusses concepts in functional anatomy and muscle function from the perspective of the National Academy of Sports Medicine. It describes how muscles work synergistically as stabilizers and mobilizers to efficiently produce, reduce, and control forces during multi-planar movement. Imbalances between these muscle groups can lead to compensation patterns that increase injury risk by disrupting normal joint function and recruitment patterns. The focus is on developing functional strength and neuromuscular efficiency through integrated, multi-planar exercise rather than isolated movements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    The National Academy of Sports Medicine

    Current Concepts in Functional Anatomy

    Focus on Function

    Functional Fitness, Performance Enhancement,


    Injury Prevention, Reconditioning, and
    Rehabilitation develops optimum levels of
    functional strength and neuromuscular
    efficiency

    Function

    Integrated, multi-planar (sagittal, frontal,


    transverse) movement that requires
    acceleration (concentric force production),
    deceleration (eccentric force reduction), and
    stabilization (Isometrics)

    Functional Strength

    The ability of the neuro-musculo-skeletal


    (NMS) system to perform dynamic eccentric,
    isometric, and concentric contractions upon
    demand in a smooth coordinated fashion
    during functional movements

    Neuromuscular Efficiency

    The ability of the NMS to allow agonists,


    antagonists, synergists, stabilizers, and
    neutralizers to work synergistically to produce
    force, reduce force, and dynamically stabilize
    the entire Kinetic Chain in all three planes of
    motion
    The ability of the NMS to produce the right
    amount of force, at the right joint, at the right
    time to allow for movement efficiency

    Focus on Function

    Traditional fitness, performance enhancement,


    reconditioning, and rehab and does not
    emphasize the development of functional
    strength or neuromuscular efficiency
    Primary emphasis is on force production in the
    sagittal plane
    Most injuries occur during force reduction in the
    transverse plane
    Does a traditional isolated approach really solve our
    problems?

    Muscle Function

    How do muscles work during dynamic


    functional movements???
    If we know what muscles do during functional
    movements, it becomes much easier to design
    functional exercises programs

    Muscle Function

    Key muscles have the ability to dominate in


    one plane of motion
    However, all muscles work in all planes of motion
    to allow optimal neuromuscular efficiency

    Muscle function is a highly complex, integrated


    neurophysiological event that is controlled by
    the Central Nervous System

    Muscle Function

    The CNS directs pre-programmed patterns of


    movement (Motor Programs) that can be
    modified in countless ways to react
    appropriately to the external environment

    Gravity
    Ground Reaction Forces
    Momentum
    External Load

    Muscle Function

    The CNS is designed to optimize the selection


    of muscle synergies and not individual muscle
    contractions

    Current Concepts in Functional Anatomy

    Two distinct yet interdependent muscle


    systems
    Stabilization System (Stabilizers)
    Local Stabilizers
    Global Stabilizers

    Movement System (Mobilizers)


    Global Mobilizers

    Understanding Muscle Function


    Stabilization Group
    Local Stabilizers
    Muscles

    Multifidus
    Transverse Abdominus
    Transversospinalis
    Deep Neck Flexors

    Function

    Neuromuscular control (Proprioception)


    Continuous activity (contractions) throughout movement
    Independent of direction of movement
    Stabilization (Isometric) contraction (minimal length change)
    Controls neutral positions

    Understanding Muscle Function


    Stabilization Group
    Global Stabilizers
    Muscles

    Internal Oblique
    Quadratus Lumborum
    Gluteus Medius
    Gluteus Maximus
    Rotator Cuff
    Scapular Stabilizers

    Function
    Generates force to control ROM
    Low load eccentric deceleration
    Non-continuous contraction (activity)
    Activity is direction dependent

    Understanding Muscle Function


    Movement Group
    Global Mobilizers
    Muscles

    Gastrocnemius
    Hamstring
    Quadriceps
    Adductors
    External Oblique
    Rectus Abdominus
    Erector Spinae
    Latissimus Dorsi

    Function

    Force production/torque production (Concentric)


    Concentric acceleration (Primarily saggital plane)
    Non-continuous (Phasic) contraction
    Direction dependent

    Results of Muscle Imbalances?


    Stabilizers
    Delayed recruitment
    Reacts to pain and
    pathology with inhibition
    Loss of joint
    stabilizations
    Leads to synergistic
    dominance

    Mobilizers
    Become overactive
    Reacts to pain and
    pathology with spasm
    Develops myofascial
    adhesions which alter
    (Length-Tension, and
    Joint Arthrokinematics)

    Force-couple Relationships

    Muscles work synergistically to reduce force,


    dynamically stabilize and concentrically
    produce force in all three planes of motion
    The CNS is designed to optimize the selection
    of muscle synergies

    Lateral Sub-system
    Muscles Involved

    Gluteus Medius
    Tensor Fascia Latae
    Adductor Complex
    Quadratus Lumborum

    Function
    Frontal plane stability

    Posterior-Oblique Sub-system
    Muscles Involved
    Latissimus Dorsi
    Thoracolumbar Fascia
    Gluteus Maximus

    Function
    Transverse plane
    stabilization

    Anterior-Oblique Sub-system
    Muscles Involved
    Internal Oblique and Hip
    Adductor Complex
    External Oblique and
    Hip External Rotators

    Function
    Transverse plane
    stabilization

    Deep Longitudinal Sub-system


    Muscles Involved

    Erector Spinae
    Thoracolumbar Fascia
    Gluteus Maximus
    Biceps Femoris
    Peroneals

    Function
    Force transmission
    longitudinally from the
    ground to the trunk

    Result of Kinetic Chain Dysfunction

    Reciprocal Inhibition
    Synergistic Dominance
    Arthrokinetic Inhibition
    Relative Flexibility
    Pattern Overload

    Reciprocal (altered) Inhibition


    Increased neural drive
    or decreased
    extensibility of an
    agonist will decrease
    the neural drive to its
    functional antagonist
    Leads to synergistic
    dominance

    Synergistic Dominance
    The neuromuscular
    phenomenon that
    occurs when synergists
    and stabilizers
    compensate for prime
    movers during
    functional movement
    patterns

    Arthrokinetic Inhibition
    The process of
    inhibition that occurs
    from lack of proper
    joint arthrokinematics

    Relative Flexibility
    The Kinetic Chain will
    take the path of least
    resistance
    The body will always find
    motion, but is it coming
    from the right joint, at
    the right time?

    Pattern Overload
    Repetitive recruitment
    of the same muscle
    fibers, in the same
    range and plane of
    motion and at the same
    speed creates tissue
    overload and eventually
    injury

    Summary
    Muscles function with one another to synergistically reduce
    force, stabilize forces and produce force.
    Efficient movement is achieved through a fragile balance of
    normal muscle length, and recruitment patterns to utilize the
    right muscle, at the right joint, producing the right amount of
    force, in the right plane of motion, at the right speed of
    motion.
    Inability for the human movement system to perform efficient
    tasks through all planes of motion produces compensation,
    altered joint and muscle function, increased tissue and joint
    stress, and increases injury risk.

    The National Academy of Sports Medicine

    Thank you

    10

    You might also like