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Installation Commissioning Manual REB670 1.2

Installation Commissioning Manual REB670 1.2

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
264 views194 pages

Installation Commissioning Manual REB670 1.2

Installation Commissioning Manual REB670 1.2

Uploaded by

sunny1725
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Relion 670 series

Busbar protection REB670


Installation and commissioning manual

Document ID: 1MRK 505 210-UEN


Issued: December 2012
Revision: C
Product version: 1.2

Copyright 2012 ABB. All rights reserved

Copyright
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third
party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose.
The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.

Trademarks
ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or
product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders.

Warranty
Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative.
ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Vsters
Sweden
Telephone: +46 (0) 21 32 50 00
Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
http://www.abb.com/substationautomation

Disclaimer
The data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept
or product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed
properties. All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this
manual must satisfy themselves that each intended application is suitable and
acceptable, including that any applicable safety or other operational requirements
are complied with. In particular, any risks in applications where a system failure and/
or product failure would create a risk for harm to property or persons (including but
not limited to personal injuries or death) shall be the sole responsibility of the
person or entity applying the equipment, and those so responsible are hereby
requested to ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or mitigate such risks.
This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be
completely ruled out. In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested
to notify the manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in
no event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from
the use of this manual or the application of the equipment.

Conformity
This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European
Communities on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning
electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive
2006/95/EC). This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in
accordance with the product standards EN 50263 and EN 60255-26 for the EMC
directive, and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low
voltage directive. The product is designed in accordance with the international
standards of the IEC 60255 series.

Table of contents

Table of contents
Section 1

Introduction.......................................................................9
Introduction to the installation and commissioning manual................9
About the complete set of manuals for an IED..............................9
About the installation and commissioning manual.......................10
Intended audience.......................................................................11
Revision notes.............................................................................11

Section 2

Safety information..........................................................13
Warning signs...................................................................................13
Caution signs....................................................................................14
Note signs.........................................................................................15

Section 3

Overview........................................................................17
Commissioning and installation overview.........................................17

Section 4

Unpacking and checking the IED...................................19


Taking delivery, unpacking and checking.........................................19

Section 5

Installing the IED............................................................21


Overview...........................................................................................21
Dimensions.......................................................................................22
Case without rear cover...............................................................22
Case with rear cover....................................................................24
Flush mounting dimensions.........................................................26
Side-by-side flush mounting dimensions.....................................27
Wall mounting dimensions...........................................................28
Mounting methods and details..........................................................28
Mounting the IED.........................................................................28
Flush mounting............................................................................30
Overview................................................................................30
Mounting procedure for flush mounting..................................31
19 panel rack mounting..............................................................32
Overview................................................................................32
Mounting procedure for 19 panel rack mounting...................33
Wall mounting..............................................................................34
Overview................................................................................34
Mounting procedure for wall mounting...................................34
How to reach the rear side of the IED....................................35
Side-by-side 19 rack mounting...................................................36
Overview................................................................................36
1

Installation and commissioning manual

Table of contents

Mounting procedure for side-by-side rack mounting..............37


IED in the 670 series mounted with a RHGS6 case...............37
Side-by-side flush mounting........................................................38
Overview................................................................................38
Mounting procedure for side-by-side flush mounting.............39
Making the electrical connection......................................................40
IED connectors............................................................................40
Overview................................................................................40
Front side connectors.............................................................42
Rear side connectors.............................................................43
Connecting to protective earth.....................................................49
Connecting the power supply module.........................................50
Connecting to CT and VT circuits................................................51
Configuration for analog CT inputs.........................................51
Connecting the binary input and output signals...........................51
Making the screen connection.....................................................53
Making the optical connections........................................................54
Connecting station communication interfaces.............................54
Connecting remote communication interfaces LDCM.................55
Installing the serial communication cable for RS485........................56
RS485 serial communication module..........................................56
Installing the serial communication cable for RS485 SPA/
IEC...............................................................................................59
Data on RS485 serial communication module cable...................61
Installing the GPS antenna...............................................................61
Antenna installation.....................................................................61
Electrical installation....................................................................63
Lightning protection.....................................................................63

Section 6

Checking the external optical and electrical


connections....................................................................65
Overview...........................................................................................65
Checking VT circuits.........................................................................65
Checking CT circuits.........................................................................66
Checking the power supply..............................................................66
Checking the binary I/O circuits........................................................67
Binary input circuits.....................................................................67
Binary output circuits...................................................................67
Checking optical connections...........................................................67

Section 7

Energizing the IED.........................................................69


Checking the IED operation..............................................................69
Energizing the IED............................................................................69
Design..............................................................................................70

2
Installation and commissioning manual

Table of contents

Checking the self supervision signals...............................................72


Reconfiguring the IED.................................................................72
Setting the IED time.....................................................................72
Checking the self supervision function........................................72
Determine the cause of an internal failure..............................72
Self supervision HMI data............................................................73

Section 8

Set up the PCM600 communication link per IED...........75


Setting up communication between PCM600 and the IED...............75

Section 9

Configuring the IED and changing settings....................81


Overview...........................................................................................81
Entering settings through the local HMI............................................82
Configuring analog CT inputs...........................................................82
Writing settings and configuration from a PC...................................83
Writing an application configuration to the IED............................83

Section 10 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IECcommunication ..............................................................85


Entering settings...............................................................................85
Entering SPA settings..................................................................85
Entering IEC settings...................................................................86
Verifying the communication............................................................86
Verifying SPA communication.....................................................86
Verifying IEC communication......................................................87
Fibre optic loop.................................................................................87
Optical budget calculation for serial communication with SPA/
IEC ...................................................................................................88

Section 11 Establishing connection and verifying the LON


communication ..............................................................89
Communication via the rear ports ....................................................89
LON communication....................................................................89
The LON Protocol........................................................................90
Hardware and software modules.................................................91
Optical budget calculation for serial communication with LON ........93

Section 12 Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850


communication...............................................................95
Overview...........................................................................................95
Setting the station communication....................................................95
Verifying the communication............................................................96

Section 13 Verifying settings by secondary injection ......................97


Overview...........................................................................................97
Preparing for test..............................................................................98
3
Installation and commissioning manual

Table of contents

Preparing the IED to verify settings.............................................98


Preparing the connection to the test equipment..........................99
Activating the test mode............................................................100
Connecting the test equipment to the IED.................................101
Verifying analog primary and secondary measurement............101
Releasing the function to be tested...........................................102
Disturbance report.....................................................................103
Introduction...........................................................................103
Disturbance report settings..................................................103
Disturbance recorder (DR)...................................................103
Event recorder (ER) and Event list (EL)...............................104
Identifying the function to test in the technical reference
manual ......................................................................................105
Exit test mode............................................................................105
Basic IED functions........................................................................105
Parameter setting group handling SETGRPS...........................105
Verifying the settings............................................................105
Completing the test..............................................................106
Differential protection......................................................................106
Busbar differential protection.....................................................106
General.................................................................................106
Operation of the differential protection from CTx input.........107
Stability of the busbar differential protection........................108
Operation of fast open CT detection algorithm.....................110
Operation of slow open CT detection algorithm...................111
Completing the test..............................................................112
Check of trip circuits and circuit breakers ............................112
Current protection...........................................................................112
Four step phase overcurrent protection OC4PTOC..................112
Verifying the settings............................................................113
Completing the test..............................................................114
Four step single phase overcurrent protection PH4SPTOC......114
Verifying the settings............................................................114
Completing the test..............................................................115
Thermal overload protection, two time constants TRPTTR ......115
Checking operate and reset values......................................115
Completing the test..............................................................116
Breaker failure protection CCRBRF..........................................116
Checking the phase current operate value, IP>...................116
Checking the residual (earth fault) current operate value
IN> set below IP>.................................................................117
Checking the re-trip and back-up times................................117
Verifying the re-trip mode.....................................................117
Verifying the back-up trip mode............................................118
4
Installation and commissioning manual

Table of contents

Verifying instantaneous back-up trip at CB faulty


condition...............................................................................119
Verifying the case RetripMode = Contact.............................120
Verifying the function mode Current&Contact......................120
Completing the test..............................................................121
Breaker failure protection, single phase version
CCSRBRF ................................................................................121
Checking the phase current operate value IP>....................122
Checking the re-trip and back-up times................................122
Verifying the re-trip mode.....................................................122
Verifying the back-up trip mode............................................123
Verifying instantaneous back-up trip at CB faulty
condition ..............................................................................123
Verifying the case FunctionMode = Contact.........................124
Verifying the function mode Curr&Cont Check.....................124
Completing the test..............................................................125
Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP .........................125
Verifying the settings............................................................125
Completing the test..............................................................127
Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP ...........................127
Verifying the settings............................................................127
Completing the test..............................................................128
Capacitor bank protection CBPGAPC.......................................128
Verifying the settings and operation of the function.............129
Completing the test..............................................................132
Voltage protection...........................................................................133
Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV ...........................133
Verifying the settings............................................................133
Completing the test..............................................................133
Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV .............................134
Verifying the settings............................................................134
Completing the test..............................................................134
Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV ............134
Verifying the settings............................................................134
Completing the test..............................................................134
Voltage differential protection VDCPTOV .................................135
Check of undervoltage levels...............................................135
Check of voltage differential trip and alarm levels................137
Check of trip and trip reset timers........................................138
Final adjustment of compensation for VT ratio
differences ...........................................................................139
Completing the test..............................................................139
Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV .............................................139
Measuring the operate limit of set values.............................139
5
Installation and commissioning manual

Table of contents

Completing the test..............................................................140


Frequency protection......................................................................140
Underfrequency protection SAPTUF ........................................140
Verifying the settings............................................................140
Completing the test..............................................................141
Overfrequency protection SAPTOF ..........................................141
Verifying the settings............................................................141
Completing the test..............................................................142
Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC ........................142
Verifying the settings............................................................142
Completing the test..............................................................143
Multipurpose protection..................................................................143
General current and voltage protection CVGAPC.....................143
Built-in overcurrent feature (non-directional)........................144
Overcurrent feature with current restraint.............................145
Overcurrent feature with voltage restraint............................145
Overcurrent feature with directionality..................................145
Over/Undervoltage feature...................................................146
Completing the test..............................................................146
Secondary system supervision.......................................................146
Fuse failure supervision SDDRFUF..........................................146
Checking that the binary inputs and outputs operate as
expected ..............................................................................147
Measuring the operate value for the negative sequence
function ................................................................................147
Measuring the operate value for the zero-sequence
function ................................................................................148
Checking the operation of the du/dt and di/dt based
function ................................................................................149
Completing the test..............................................................149
Control............................................................................................149
Autorecloser SMBRREC ..........................................................149
Preparation of the verification ..............................................151
Switching the autorecloser function to On and Off...............152
Verifying the autorecloser function SMBRREC ...................152
Checking the reclosing conditions .......................................153
Completing the test..............................................................155
Apparatus control APC..............................................................155
Interlocking................................................................................156
Single command SingleCommand16Signals............................156
Monitoring.......................................................................................156
Event counter CNTGGIO...........................................................156
Event function EVENT...............................................................156
Metering..........................................................................................157
6
Installation and commissioning manual

Table of contents

Pulse counter PCGGIO.............................................................157


Station communication...................................................................157
Multiple command and transmit MultiCmd/MultiTransm............157
Remote communication..................................................................157
Binary signal transfer BinSignReceive, BinSignTransm............157

Section 14 Primary injection testing...............................................161


Primary injection testing.................................................................161
Operation of the busbar differential protection..........................161
Stability of the busbar differential protection..............................162

Section 16 Commissioning and maintenance of the fault


clearing system............................................................167
Commissioning tests......................................................................167
Periodic maintenance tests............................................................167
Visual inspection........................................................................168
Maintenance tests.....................................................................168
Preparation...........................................................................169
Recording.............................................................................169
Secondary injection..............................................................169
Alarm test.............................................................................169
Self supervision check..........................................................170
Trip circuit check..................................................................170
Measurement of service currents.........................................170
Restoring..............................................................................171

Section 17 Fault tracing and repair................................................173


Fault tracing....................................................................................173
Information on the local HMI......................................................173
Using front-connected PC.........................................................174
Repair instruction............................................................................176
Repair support................................................................................177
Maintenance...................................................................................177

Section 18 Glossary.......................................................................179

7
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 1
Introduction

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 1

Introduction

About this chapter


This chapter introduces the user to the manual.

1.1

Introduction to the installation and commissioning


manual

1.1.1

About the complete set of manuals for an IED

Decommissioning
deinstalling & disposal

Maintenance

Operation

Commissioning

Installing

Engineering

Planning & purchase

The users manual (UM) is a complete set of five different manuals:

Engineeringmanual
Installation and
Commissioning manual
Operators manual
Application manual
Technical reference
manual
IEC09000744-1-en.vsd
IEC09000744 V1 EN

The Application Manual (AM) contains application descriptions, setting


guidelines and setting parameters sorted per function. The application manual
should be used to find out when and for what purpose a typical protection function
could be used. The manual should also be used when calculating settings.
The Technical Reference Manual (TRM) contains application and functionality
descriptions and it lists function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals,

9
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 1
Introduction

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

setting parameters and technical data sorted per function. The technical reference
manual should be used as a technical reference during the engineering phase,
installation and commissioning phase, and during normal service.
The Installation and Commissioning Manual (ICM) contains instructions on
how to install and commission the protection IED. The manual can also be used as
a reference during periodic testing. The manual covers procedures for mechanical
and electrical installation, energizing and checking of external circuitry, setting and
configuration as well as verifying settings and performing directional tests. The
chapters are organized in the chronological order (indicated by chapter/section
numbers) in which the protection IED should be installed and commissioned.
The Operators Manual (OM) contains instructions on how to operate the
protection IED during normal service once it has been commissioned. The
operators manual can be used to find out how to handle disturbances or how to
view calculated and measured network data in order to determine the cause of a fault.
The Engineering Manual (EM) contains instructions on how to engineer the IEDs
using the different tools in PCM600. The manual provides instructions on how to
set up a PCM600 project and insert IEDs to the project structure. The manual also
recommends a sequence for engineering of protection and control functions, LHMI
functions as well as communication engineering for IEC 61850 and DNP3.

1.1.2

About the installation and commissioning manual


The installation and commissioning manual contains the following chapters:

The chapter Safety information presents warning and note signs, that the user
should pay attention to.
The chapter Overview is a summary of the major tasks faced when installing
and commissioning an IED.
The chapter Unpacking and checking the IED explains how to take delivery of
the IED.
The chapter Installing the IED explains how to install the IED.
The chapter Checking the external optical and electrical connections explains
how to check that the IED is properly connected to the protection system.
The chapter Energizing the IED explains how to start the IED.
The chapter Set up PCM 600 communication link per IED describes the
communication between PCM600 and the IED.
The chapter Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IECcommunication contains explains how to enter SPA/IEC settings and
verifying the communication.
The chapter Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication
contains a reference to another document.
The chapter Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850
communication contains explains how to enter IEC 61850 settings and
verifying the communication.
The chapter Configuring the IED and changing settings explains how to
write settings and configure the IED.

10
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 1
Introduction

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

The chapter Verifying settings by secondary injection contains instructions on


how to verify that each included function operates correctly according to the
set values.
The chapter Primary injection testing describes a test with primary current
through the protected zone.
The chapter Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system
discusses maintenance tests and other periodic maintenance measures.
The chapter Fault tracing and repair explains how to troubleshoot.
The chapter Glossary is a list of terms, acronyms and abbreviations used in
ABB technical documentation.

1.1.3

Intended audience
General
The installation and commissioning manual addresses the personnel responsible for
the installation, commissioning, maintenance and taking the protection in and out
of normal service.

Requirements
The installation and commissioning personnel must have a basic knowledge in
handling electronic equipment. The commissioning and maintenance personnel
must be well experienced in using protection equipment, test equipment, protection
functions and the configured functional logics in the protection.

1.1.4

Revision notes
Revision

Description

Minor corrections made

Updates made for REB670 1.2.4

Maintenance updates, PR corrections

11
Installation and commissioning manual

12

Section 2
Safety information

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 2

Safety information

About this chapter


This chapter contains safety information. Warning signs are presented which urge
the user to be careful during certain operations in order to avoid injuries to humans
or damage to equipment.

2.1

Warning signs
Strictly follow the company and country safety regulations.
Working in a high voltage environment requires serious approach
to avoid human injuries and damage to equipment.

Do not touch circuitry during operation. Potentially lethal voltages


and currents are present.

Always avoid touching the circuitry when covers are removed. The
product contains electronic circuits which can be damaged if
exposed to static electricity (ESD). Lethal high voltage circuits are
also exposed when covers are removed.

Always use suitable isolated test pins when measuring signals in


open circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present.

Never connect or disconnect a wire and/or a connector to or from a


IED during normal operation. Hazardous voltages and currents are
present that may be lethal. Operation may be disrupted and IED and
measuring circuitry may be damaged.

Always connect the IED to protective earth, regardless of the


operating conditions. This also applies to special occasions such as
bench testing, demonstrations and off-site configuration. Operating
the IED without proper earthing may damage both IED and
measuring circuitry and may cause injuries in case of an accident.
13
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 2
Safety information

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Never disconnect the secondary connection of current transformer


circuit without short-circuiting the transformers secondary
winding. Operating a current transformer with the secondary
winding open will cause a massive potential build-up that may
damage the transformer and may cause injuries to humans.

Never remove any screw from a powered IED or from a IED


connected to powered circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and
currents are present.

Take adequate measures to protect the eyes. Never look into the
laser beam.

2.2

Caution signs
Always transport PCBs (modules) using certified conductive bags.
Always handle modules using a conductive wrist strap connected to
protective ground and on a suitable antistatic surface. Electrostatic
discharge (ESD) may cause damage to the module since electronic
circuits are sensitive to this phenomena.

Do not connect live wires to the IED. Internal circuitry may be


damaged

Always use a conductive wrist strap connected to protective ground


when replacing modules. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) may
damage the module and IED circuitry.

Take care to avoid electrical shock if accessing wiring and


connection IEDs when installing and commissioning.

Changing the active setting group will inevitably change the IEDs
operation. Be careful and check regulations before making the
change.

14
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 2
Safety information

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

2.3

Note signs
The protection assembly is designed for a maximum continuous
current of four times rated value.

15
Installation and commissioning manual

16

Section 3
Overview

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 3

Overview

About this chapter


This chapter outlines the installation and commissioning of the IED.

3.1

Commissioning and installation overview


The settings for each function must be calculated before the commissioning task
can start. A configuration, done in the configuration and programming tool, must
also be available if the IED does not have a factory configuration downloaded.
The IED is unpacked and visually checked. It is preferably mounted in a cubicle or
on a wall. The connection to the protection system has to be checked in order to
verify that the installation is successful.

17
Installation and commissioning manual

18

Section 4
Unpacking and checking the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 4

Unpacking and checking the IED

About this chapter


This chapter describes the delivery and the unpacking of the IED

4.1

Taking delivery, unpacking and checking


Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

Remove the transport casing.


Visually inspect the IED.
Check that all items are included in accordance with the delivery documents.
Once the IED has been started make sure that the software functions ordered
have been included in the delivery.
Check for transport damages.
If transport damage is discovered appropriate action must be taken against the
latest carrier and the nearest ABB office or representative should be
informed. ABB should be notified immediately if there are any discrepancies
in relation to the delivery documents.
Storage
If the IED is to be stored before installation, this must be done in the original
transport casing in a dry and dust free place. Observe the environmental
requirements stated in the technical data.

19
Installation and commissioning manual

20

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 5

Installing the IED

About this chapter


This chapter describes how to install the IED.

5.1

Overview
The mechanical and electrical environmental conditions at the installation site must
be within the limits described in the IED technical data. Dusty, damp places, places
susceptible to rapid temperature variations, powerful vibrations and shocks, surge
voltages of high amplitude and fast rise time, strong induced magnetic fields or
similar extreme conditions should be avoided.
Sufficient space must be available in front of and at the rear of the IED to allow
access for maintenance and future modifications. Flush mounted IEDs should be
mounted so that IED modules can be added and replaced without excessive
dismantling.

21
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.2

Dimensions

5.2.1

Case without rear cover

A
D

C
xx08000164.vsd

IEC08000164 V1 EN

Figure 1:

Case without rear cover

22
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

K
F

G
H

J
xx08000166.vsd

IEC08000166 V1 EN

Figure 2:
Case size (mm) A

Case without rear cover with 19 rack mounting kit

6U, 1/2 x 19

265.9

223.7

201.1

252.9

205.7

190.5

203.7

187.6

6U, 3/4 x 19

265.9

336.0

201.1

252.9

318.0

190.5

316.0

187.6

6U, 1/1 x 19

265.9

448.3

201.1

252.9

430.3

190.5

428.3

465.1

187.6

482.6

The H and K dimensions are defined by the 19 rack mounting kit

23
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED
5.2.2

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Case with rear cover

C
xx08000163.vsd

IEC08000163 V1 EN

Figure 3:

Case with rear cover

24
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

K
F

G
H

J
xx08000165.vsd

IEC08000165 V1 EN

Figure 4:

Case with rear cover and 19 rack mounting kit

xx05000503.vsd
IEC05000503 V1 EN

Figure 5:
Case size (mm) A

Rear cover case with details


D

6U, 1/2 x 19

265.9

223.7

242.1

255.8

205.7

190.5

203.7

228.6

6U, 3/4 x 19

265.9

336.0

242.1

255.8

318.0

190.5

316.0

228.6

6U, 1/1 x 19

265.9

448.3

242.1

255.8

430.3

190.5

428.3

465.1

228.6

482.6

The H and K dimensions are defined by the 19 rack mounting kit.

25
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED
5.2.3

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Flush mounting dimensions

E
D
xx08000162.vsd
IEC08000162 V1 EN

Figure 6:

Case size
Tolerance

Flush mounting
Cut-out dimensions (mm)
A
+/-1

B
+/-1

6U, 1/2 x 19"

210.1

254.3

4.0-10.0

12.5

6U, 3/4 x 19"

322.4

254.3

4.0-10.0

12.5

6U, 1/1 x 19"

434.7

254.3

4.0-10.0

12.5

E = 188.6 mm without rear protection cover, 229.6 mm with rear protection cover

26
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.2.4

Side-by-side flush mounting dimensions

xx06000182.vsd
IEC06000182 V1 EN

Figure 7:

A 1/2 x 19 size 670 series IED side-by-side with RHGS6.

C
xx05000505.vsd
IEC05000505 V1 EN

Figure 8:

Case size (mm) A


Tolerance
1

B
1

Panel-cut out dimensions for side-by-side flush mounting

C
1

D
1

E
1

F
1

G
1

6U, 1/2 x 19

214.0

259.3

240.4

190.5

34.4

13.2

6.4 diam

6U, 3/4 x 19

326.4

259.3

352.8

190.5

34.4

13.2

6.4 diam

6U, 1/1 x 19

438.7

259.3

465.1

190.5

34.4

13.2

6.4 diam

27
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED
5.2.5

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Wall mounting dimensions

A
B
E

en04000471.vsd
IEC04000471 V1 EN

Figure 9:

Case size (mm)

Wall mounting

6U, 1/2 x 19

292.0

267.1

272.8

390.0

243.0

6U, 3/4 x 19

404.3

379.4

272.8

390.0

243.0

6U, 1/1 x 19

516.0

491.1

272.8

390.0

243.0

5.3

Mounting methods and details

5.3.1

Mounting the IED


The IED can be rack, wall or flush mounted with the use of different mounting kits,
see figure 10.
The different mounting kits contain all parts needed including screws and assembly
instructions. The following mounting kits are available:

28
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Flush mounting kit


19 Panel (rack) mounting kit
Wall mounting kit
Side-by-side mounting kit

The same mounting kit is used for side-by-side rack mounting and side-by-side
flush mounting.
The mounting kits must be ordered separately when ordering an
IED. They are available as options on the ordering sheet in
Accessories for 670 series IED, see section "".

Generally, all the screws included in delivered mounting kits are of Torx type and a
screwdriver of the same type is needed (Tx10, Tx15, Tx20 and Tx25).
IEC02000684
V1 EN

If other type of screws are to be used, be sure to use the dimensions


of the screws that are given in this guide.

IEC06000147 V1 EN

Figure 10:

Different mounting methods

Description
A

Flush mounting

19 Panel rack mounting

C Wall mounting
D Side-by-side rack or flush mounting

29
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.3.2

Flush mounting

5.3.2.1

Overview
The flush mounting kit are utilized for case sizes:

1/2 x 19
3/4 x 19
1/1 x 19
1/4 x 19 (RHGS6 6U)

Only a single case can be mounted in each cut-out on the cubicle panel, for class
IP54 protection.
Flush mounting cannot be used for side-by-side mounted IEDs
when IP54 class must be fulfilled. Only IP20 class can be obtained
when mounting two cases side-by-side in one (1) cut-out.

To obtain IP54 class protection, an additional factory mounted


sealing must be ordered when ordering the IED.

30
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.3.2.2

Mounting procedure for flush mounting


1

5
2

6
3

xx08000161.vsd
IEC08000161 V1 EN

Figure 11:

Flush mounting details.

PosNo Description

Quantity Type

Sealing strip, used to obtain IP54 class. The sealing strip is factory
mounted between the case and front plate.

Fastener

Groove

Screw, self tapping

2.9x9.5 mm

Joining point of sealing strip

Panel

Procedure
1.

Cut an opening in the panel (6).

31
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

2.

3.
4.

See section "Flush mounting dimensions" regarding dimensions.


Carefully press the sealing strip (1) around the IEDs collar. Cut the end of the
sealing strip a few mm to long to make the joining point (5) tight.
The sealing strip is delivered with the mounting kit. The strip is long enough
for the largest available IED.
Insert the IED into the opening (cut-out) in the panel.
Add and lock the fasteners (2) to the IED.
Thread a fastener into the groove at the back end of the IED. Insert and
lightly fasten the locking screw (4). Next, thread a fastener on the other side
of the IED, and lightly fasten its locking screw. Lock the front end of the
fastener in the panel, using the M5x25 screws.
Repeat the procedure with the remaining two fasteners.

5.3.3

19 panel rack mounting

5.3.3.1

Overview
All IED sizes can be mounted in a standard 19 cubicle rack by using the for each
size suited mounting kit which consists of two mounting angles and fastening
screws for the angles.
Please note that the separately ordered rack mounting kit for side-byside mounted IEDs, or IEDs together with RHGS cases, is to be
selected so that the total size equals 19.

When mounting the mounting angles, be sure to use screws that


follows the recommended dimensions. Using screws with other
dimensions than the original may damage the PCBs inside the IED.

32
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.3.3.2

Mounting procedure for 19 panel rack mounting


2
1a

1b

xx08000160.vsd
IEC08000160 V1 EN

Figure 12:
Pos

19 panel rack mounting details


Description

Quantity

Type

1a, 1b

Mounting angels, which can be mounted, either to


the left or right side of the case.

Screw

M4x6

Procedure
1.
2.
3.

Carefully fasten the mounting angles (1a, 1b) to the sides of the IED.
Use the screws (2) supplied in the mounting kit.
Place the IED assembly in the 19 panel.
Fasten the mounting angles with appropriate screws.

33
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.3.4

Wall mounting

5.3.4.1

Overview
All case sizes, 1/2 x 19, 3/4 x 19,1/1 x 19, can be wall mounted. It is also
possible to mount the IED on a panel or in a cubicle.
When mounting the side plates, be sure to use screws that follows
the recommended dimensions. Using screws with other dimensions
than the original may damage the PCBs inside the IED.

If fiber cables are bent too much, the signal can be weakened. Wall
mounting is therefore not recommended for communication
modules with fiber connection; Serial SPA/IEC 60870-5-103,
DNP3 and LON communication module (SLM),Optical Ethernet
module (OEM) and Line data communication module (LDCM).

5.3.4.2

Mounting procedure for wall mounting


3
4

2
1

5
6

xx04000453.vs d

DOCUMENT127716-IMG2265 V1 EN

Figure 13:

Wall mounting details.

34
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

PosNo

Description

Quantity

Type

Bushing

Screw

M4x10

Screw

M6x12 or
corresponding

Mounting bar

Screw

M5x8

Side plate

Procedure
1.

2.
3.
4.

5.3.4.3

Mount the mounting bars onto the wall (4).


See section "Wall mounting dimensions" for mounting dimensions.
Depending on the wall different preparations may be needed like drilling and
inserting plastic or expander plugs (concrete/plasterboard walls) or threading
(metal sheet wall).
Make all electrical connections to the IED terminal.
It is much easier to do this without the unit in place.
Mount the side plates to the IED.
Mount the IED to the mounting bars.

How to reach the rear side of the IED


The IED can be equipped with a rear protection cover, which is recommended to
use with this type of mounting. See figure 14.
To reach the rear side of the IED, a free space of 80 mmis required on the unhinged
side.

35
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

View from above


3

80 mm

en06000135.vsd
IEC06000135 V1 EN

Figure 14:

How to reach the connectors on the rear side of the IED.

PosNo

Description

Type

Screw

M4x10

Screw

M5x8

Rear protection cover

Procedure
1.
2.
3.

Remove the inner screws (1), upper and lower on one side.
Remove all three fixing screws (2), on the opposite side, from wall support.
The IED can now be swung out for access to the connectors, after removing
any rear protection.

5.3.5

Side-by-side 19 rack mounting

5.3.5.1

Overview
IED case sizes, 1/2 x 19 or 3/4 x 19 and RHGS cases, can be mounted side-byside up to a maximum size of 19. For side-by-side rack mounting, the side-by-side
mounting kit together with the 19 rack panel mounting kit must be used. The
mounting kit has to be ordered separately.
When mounting the plates and the angles on the IED, be sure to use
screws that follows the recommended dimensions. Using screws
with other dimensions than the original may damage the PCBs
inside the IED.

36
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.3.5.2

Mounting procedure for side-by-side rack mounting


2
1

xx04000456.vsd
IEC04000456 V1 EN

Figure 15:

Side-by-side rack mounting details.

PosNo

Description

Quantity

Type

Mounting plate

2, 3

Screw

16

M4x6

Mounting angle

Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

5.3.5.3

Place the two IEDs next to each other on a flat surface.


Fasten a side-by-side mounting plate (1).
Use four of the delivered screws (2, 3).
Carefully turn the two IEDs up-side down.
Fasten the second side-by-side mounting plate.
Use the remaining four screws.
Carefully fasten the mounting angles (4) to the sides of the IED.
Use the screws available in the mounting kit.
Place the IED assembly in the rack.
Fasten the mounting angles with appropriate screws.

IED in the 670 series mounted with a RHGS6 case


An 1/2 x 19 or 3/4 x 19 size IED can be mounted with a RHGS (6 or 12
depending on IED size) case. The RHGS case can be used for mounting a test
switch of type RTXP 24. It also has enough space for a terminal base of RX 2 type
for mounting of, for example, a DC-switch or two trip IEDs.

37
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

xx06000180.vsd
IEC06000180 V1 EN

Figure 16:

IED in the 670 series (1/2 x 19) mounted with a RHGS6 case
containing a test switch module equipped with only a test switch
and a RX2 terminal base

5.3.6

Side-by-side flush mounting

5.3.6.1

Overview
It is not recommended to flush mount side by side mounted cases if IP54 is
required. If your application demands side-by-side flush mounting, the side-by-side
mounting details kit and the 19 panel rack mounting kit must be used. The
mounting kit has to be ordered separately. The maximum size of the panel cut out
is 19.
With side-by-side flush mounting installation, only IP class 20 is
obtained. To reach IP class 54, it is recommended to mount the
IEDs separately. For cut out dimensions of separately mounted
IEDs, see section "Flush mounting".

When mounting the plates and the angles on the IED, be sure to use
screws that follows the recommended dimensions. Using screws
with other dimensions than the original may damage the PCBs
inside the IED.

38
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Please contact factory for special add on plates for mounting FT


switches on the side (for 1/2 19" case) or bottom of the relay.

5.3.6.2

Mounting procedure for side-by-side flush mounting


1

3
4

xx06000181.vsd
IEC06000181 V1 EN

Figure 17:

Side-by-side flush mounting details (RHGS6 side-by-side with 1/2 x


19 IED).

PosNo

Description

Quantity

Type

Mounting plate

2, 3

Screw

16

M4x6

Mounting angle

Procedure
1.
2.

3.

Make a panel cut-out.


For panel cut out dimension, see section "Side-by-side flush mounting
dimensions".
Carefully press the sealing strip around the IED collar. Cut the end of the
sealing strip a few mm to long to make the joining point tight.
Repeat the same procedure with the second case.
The sealing strip is delivered with the mounting kit. The strip is long enough
for the largest available IED.
Place the two IEDs next to each other on a flat surface.

39
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Fasten a side-by-side mounting plate (1).


Use four of the delivered screws (2, 3).
Carefully turn the two IEDs up-side down.
Fasten the second side-by-side mounting plate.
Use the remaining four screws.
Carefully fasten the mounting angles (4) to the sides of the IED.
Use the fixing screws available in the mounting kit.
Insert the IED into the cut-out.
Fasten the mounting angles with appropriate screws.

5.4

Making the electrical connection

5.4.1

IED connectors

5.4.1.1

Overview
The quantity and designation of connectors depend upon the type and size of the
IED. The rear cover plates are prepared with space for the maximum of HW
options for each case size and the cut-outs that are not in use are covered with a
plate from factory.

Overview
Table 1:

Basic modules

Module

Description

Combined backplane module (CBM)

A backplane PCB that carries all internal signals


between modules in an IED. Only the TRM (when
included) is not connected directly to this board.

Universal backplane module (UBM)

A backplane PCB that forms part of the IED


backplane with connectors for TRM (when
included), ADM etc.

Power supply module (PSM)

Including a regulated DC/DC converter that


supplies auxiliary voltage to all static circuits.

An internal fail alarm output is available.

Numerical module (NUM)

Module for overall application control. All


information is processed or passed through this
module, such as configuration, settings and
communication.

Local Human machine interface (LHMI)

The module consists of LED:s, an LCD, a push


button keyboard and an ethernet connector used
to connect a PC to the IED.

Transformer input module (TRM)

Transformer module that galvanically separates


the internal circuits from the VT and CT circuits. It
has 12 analog inputs.

Analog digital conversion module (ADM)

Slot mounted PCB with A/D conversion.

40
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Table 2:

Application specific modules

Module

Description

Binary input module (BIM)

Module with 16 optically isolated binary inputs

Binary output module (BOM)

Module with 24 single outputs or 12 double-pole


command outputs including supervision function

Binary I/O module (IOM)

Module with 8 optically isolated binary inputs, 10


outputs and 2 fast signalling outputs.

Line data communication modules (LDCM),


short range, medium range, long range, X21

Modules used for digital communication to remote


terminal.

Serial SPA/LON/IEC 60870-5-103/DNP3


communication modules (SLM)

Used for SPA/LON/IEC 608705103/DNP3


communication

Optical ethernet module (OEM)

PMC board for IEC 61850 based communication.

mA input module (MIM)

Analog input module with 6 independent,


galvanically separated channels.

GPS time synchronization module (GTM)

Used to provide the IED with GPS time


synchronization.

Static output module (SOM)

Module with 6 fast static outputs and 6 change


over output relays.

IRIG-B Time synchronization module (IRIG-B)

Module with 2 inputs. One is used for handling


both pulse-width modulated signals and
amplitude modulated signals and one is used for
optical input type ST for PPS time synchronization.

41
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED
5.4.1.2

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Front side connectors

IEC06000179 V1 EN

Figure 18:

IED front side connector

PosNo Description
1

IED serial communication port with RJ45 connector

Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors

The cable between PC and the IED serial communication port shall
be a crossed-over Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors. If the
connection are made via a hub or switch, a standard Ethernet cable
can be used.

42
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.4.1.3
Table 3:

Rear side connectors


Designations for 1/2 x 19 casing with 1 TRM slot

Module

Rear Positions

PSM

X11

BIM, BOM, SOM, IOM or


MIM

X31 and X32 etc. to X51


and X52

SLM

X301:A, B, C, D

LDCM, IRIG-B or RS485

X302

LDCM or RS485

X303

OEM

X311:A, B, C, D

LDCM, RS485 or GTM

X312, 313

TRM

X401

1MRK002801-AC-2-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

43
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

Table 4:

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Designations for 3/4 x 19 casing with 1 TRM slot

Module

Rear Positions

PSM

X11

BIM, BOM, SOM, IOM or


MIM

X31 and X32 etc. to


X101 and X102

SLM

X301:A, B, C, D

LDCM, IRIG-B or RS485

X302

LDCM or RS485

X303

OEM

X311:A, B, C, D

LDCM, RS485 or GTM

X312, X313

TRM

X401

1MRK002801-AC-3-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

44
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Table 5:

Designations for 1/1 x 19 casing with 2 TRM slots

Module

Rear Positions

PSM

X11

BIM, BOM,
SOM, IOM or
MIM

X31 and X32 etc. to X131


and X132

SLM

X301:A, B, C, D

LDCM, IRIG-B or
RS485

X302

LDCM or RS485

X303

OEM

X311:A, B, C, D

LDCM, RS485 or
GTM

X312, X313, X322, X323

TRM 1

X401

TRM 2

X411

1MRK002801-AC-6-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

1MRK002801-AC-10-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 19:

Transformer input module (TRM)

Indicates high polarity


CT/VT-input designation according to figure 19

Table continues on next page


45
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

AI02

AI03

AI04

AI05

AI06

AI07

AI08

AI09

AI10

AI11

AI12

12I, 1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

12I, 5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

9I+3U, 1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

9I+3U, 5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

6I+6U, 1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

1A

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

6I+6U, 5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

5A

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

110-220
V

Current/voltage
configuration
(50/60 Hz)

AI01

Note that internal polarity can be adjusted by setting of analog input CT neutral direction and/or on SMAI pre-processing function blocks.

1MRK002801-AC-15-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 21:

mA input
module (MIM)

1MRK002801-AC-11-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 20:

Binary input module (BIM).


Input contacts named XA
corresponds to rear position
X31, X41, and so on, and
input contacts named XB to
rear position X32, X42, and so
on.

46
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1MRK002801-AC-8-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 22:

IED with basic functionality and communication interfaces

1MRK002801-AC-7-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 23:

Power supply module (PSM)

47
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1MRK002801-AC-12-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 24:

Binary output module (BOM). Output contacts named XA


corresponds to rear position X31, X41, and so on, and output
contacts named XB to rear position X32, X42, and so on.

1MRK002801-AC-13-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 25:

Static output module (SOM)

48
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1MRK002801-AC-14-670-1.2-PG V1 EN

Figure 26:

5.4.2

Binary in/out module (IOM). Input contacts named XA corresponds


to rear position X31, X41, and so on, and output contacts named
XB to rear position X32, X42, and so on.

Connecting to protective earth


Connect the protective earthing screw (pos 1 in figure 27) on the rear of the IED to
the closest possible earthing point in the cubicle. Electrical codes and standards
require that protective earth cables are green/yellow conductors with a cross
section area of at least 2.5 mm2 (AWG14). The Power supply module (PSM),
Transformer input modules (TRM) and the enclosure are all separately earthed, see
figure 27 below.
The cubicle must be properly connected to the station earthing system. Use a
conductor with a core cross section area of at least 4 mm2 (AWG 12).

49
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

3
1

en05000509.vsd
IEC05000509 V1 EN

Figure 27:

Rear view of IED showing earthing points.

Pos

Description

Main protective earth to chassis

Earthing screw to Power supply module (PSM)

Earthing screw to Transformer input module (TRM). (There is one


earth connection per TRM)

Use the main protective earth screw (1) for connection to the
stations earthing system. Earthing screws for PSM module (2) and
TRM module (3) must be fully tightened to secure protective earth
connection of these modules.

5.4.3

Connecting the power supply module


The wiring from the cubicle terminal block to the IED terminals (see figure 23 for
PSM connection diagram) must be made in accordance with the established
guidelines for this type of equipment. The wires from binary inputs and outputs and
the auxiliary supply must be routed separately from the current transformer cables
between the terminal blocks of the cubicle and the IED's connections. The
connections are made on connector X11. For location of connector X11, refer to
section "Rear side connectors".

50
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.4.4

Connecting to CT and VT circuits


CTs and VTs are connected to the 24pole connector of the Transformer input
module (TRM) on the rear side of the IED. Connection diagram for TRM is shown
in figure 19.
Use a solid conductor with a cross section area between 2.5-6 mm2 (AWG14-10)
or a stranded conductor with a cross section area between 2.5-4 mm2 (AWG14-12).
If the IED is equipped with a test-switch of type RTXP 24, COMBIFLEX wires
with 20 A sockets must be used to connect the CT and VT circuits.
Connectors on TRM (for location see section "Rear side connectors") for current
and voltage transformer circuits are so called feed-through IED blocks and are
designed for conductors with cross sectional area up to 4 mm2 (AWG 12). The
screws used to fasten the conductors should be tightened with a torque of 1Nm.
Connector terminals for CT and VT circuits, as well as terminals for binary input
and output signals, can be of either ringlug or compression connection type,
depending on ANSI/IEC standards, or customers choice.
Table 6:

CT and VT circuit connectors

Connector type

5.4.4.1

Rated voltage and current

Maximum conductor area

Screw compression type

250 V AC, 20 A

4 mm2 (AWG12)
2 x 2.5 mm2 (2 x AWG14)

Terminal blocks suitable for


ring lug terminals

250 V AC, 20 A

4 mm2 (AWG12)

Configuration for analog CT inputs


The secondary rated current of the CT (that is, 1A or 5A) determines the choice of
TRM in the IED. Two TRMs are available, One is dimensioned for an input current
of 5A and the other for an input of 1A. If the CT rated secondary current does not
match the TRM input current rating adjustments can be made in settings depending
on the tolerance of the TRM.

5.4.5

Connecting the binary input and output signals


Auxiliary power and signals are connected using voltage connectors. Signal wires
are connected to a female connector, see figure 28, which is then plugged into the
corresponding male connector, see figure 29, located at the rear of the IED. For
location of BIM, BOM and IOM refer to section "Rear side connectors".
Connection diagrams for BIM, BOM and IOM are shown in figure 20, figure 24
and figure 26.

51
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

If the IED is equipped with a test-switch of type RTXP 24, COMBIFLEX wires
with 20 A sockets, 1.5mm (AWG16) conductor area must be used to connect the
auxiliary power.
Procedure
1.

2.
3.

Connect signals to the female connector


All wiring to the female connector should be done before it is plugged into
the male part and screwed to the case. The conductors can be of rigid type
(solid, stranded) or of flexible type.
The female connectors accept conductors with a cross section area of 0.2-2.5
mm2 (AWG 24-14). If two conductors are used in the same terminal, the
maximum permissible cross section area is 0.2-1 mm2 (AWG 24-18).
If two conductors, each with area 1.5 mm2 (AWG 16) need to be connected to
the same terminal, a ferrule must be used, see figure 30. This ferrule, is
applied with the by Phoenix recommended crimping tool.The fastening screw
shall be tightened with a torque of 0.4 Nm (This torque applies to all binary
connectors).
Plug the female connector to the corresponding back-side mounted male
connector
Lock the female connector by fastening the lock screws

xx02000742.vsd
IEC02000742 V1 EN

Figure 28:

A female connector

IEC04000167 V1 EN

Figure 29:

Board with male connectors

52
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1
2

xx06000168.vsd
IEC06000168 V1 EN

Figure 30:

Cable connectors

PosNo Description
1

Is ferrule,

A bridge connector, is used to jump terminal points in a connector.

Table 7:

Binary I/O connection system

Connector type

Rated voltage

Maximum conductor area

Screw compression type

250 V AC

2.5 mm2 (AWG14)


2 1 mm2 (2 x AWG18)

Terminal blocks suitable for


ring lug terminals

300 V AC

3 mm2 (AWG14)

Because of limitations of space, when ring lug terminal is ordered


for Binary I/O connections, one blank slot is necessary between two
adjacent IO cards. Please refer to the ordering particulars for details.

5.4.6

Making the screen connection


When using screened cables always make sure screens are earthed and connected
according to applicable engineering methods. This may include checking for
appropriate earthing points near the IED, for instance, in the cubicle and/or near the
source of measuring. Ensure that earth connections are made with short (max. 10

53
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

cm) conductors of an adequate cross section, at least 6 mm2 (AWG10) for single
screen connections.
3
Lc

Cc

Lc

Rx

Tx

IED

Tx

Rx

Sc

Sc

External
Equipment

en06000190.vsd

IEC06000190 V1 EN

Figure 31:

Communication cable installation.

PosNo Description
1

Outer shield

Protective earth screw

Inner shield

Inner shielding of the cable shall be earthed at the external


equipment end only. At the IED terminal end, the inner shield must
be isolated from protective earth.

5.5

Making the optical connections

5.5.1

Connecting station communication interfaces


The IED can be equipped with an optical ethernet module (OEM), see figure 22,
needed for IEC 61850 communication and a serial communication module (SLM),
see figure 22 for LON, SPA, IEC 608705103 or DNP3 communication. In such
cases optical ports are provided on the rear side of the case for connection of the
optical fibers. For location of OEM and SLM, refer to section "Rear side
connectors".

Optical ports X311: A, B (Tx, Rx) and X311: C, D (Tx, Rx) on OEM are used
for IEC 61850-8-1 communication. Both ports AB and CD shall be connected
when redundant IEC 61850-8-1 communication is used. Connectors are of ST

54
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

type. When OEM is used, the protection plate for the galvanic connection must
not be removed.
Optical port X301: A, B (Tx, Rx) on SLM module is used for SPA, IEC
60870-5-103 or DNP3 communication. Connectors are of ST type (glass) or
HFBR Snap in (plastic).
Optical port X301: C, D (Tx, Rx) on SLM module is used for LON
communication. Connectors are of ST type (glass) or HFBR Snap in (plastic).

The optical fibers have Transmission (Tx) and Reception (Rx) connectors, and they
should be attached to the Tx and Rx connectors of OEM and SLM module (Tx
cable to Rx connector, Rx cable to Tx connector).
Connectors are generally color coded; connect blue or dark grey cable connectors
to blue or dark grey (receive) back-side connectors. Connect black or grey cable
connectors to black or grey (transmit) back-side connectors.
The fiber optical cables are very sensitive to handling. Do not bend
too sharply. The minimum curvature radius is 15 cm for the plastic
fiber cables and 25 cm for the glass fiber cables. If cable straps are
used to fix the cables, apply with loose fit.
Always hold the connector, never the cable, when connecting or
disconnecting optical fibers. Do not twist, pull or bend the fiber.
Invisible damage may increase fiber attenuation thus making
communication impossible.

Please, strictly follow the instructions from the manufacturer for


each type of optical cables/connectors.

5.5.2

Connecting remote communication interfaces LDCM


The Line Data Communication Module (LDCM), see figure 22 is the hardware
used for the transfer of binary and analog signal data between IEDs in different
protection schemes on the IEEE/ANSI C37.94 protocol. The optical ports on the
rear side of the IED are X312 and X313. For location of LDCM, refer to section
"Rear side connectors".
When LDCM is used for binary signal exchange between IEDs in the same station
or even within the same panel (that is, between three one-phase REB670) the fiber
optic cables can be quite short (that is, 1-2 meters). In such installation it is of
outmost importance to set the LDCM setting parameter OptoPower = LowPower.

55
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

5.6

Installing the serial communication cable for RS485

5.6.1

RS485 serial communication module


Angle
bracket

Screw
terminal
X3

Screw
terminal
X1

1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6

RS485
PWB

Backplate

en07000140.vsd
IEC07000140 V1 EN

Figure 32:

The connection plate to the backplate with connectors and screws.


This figure also shows the pin numbering from the component side

Pin

Name 2-wire

Name 4-wire

Description

x3:1

soft ground

x3:2

soft ground

x1:1

RS485 +

TX+

Receive/transmit high
or transmit high

x1:2

RS485

TX-

Receive/transmit low
or transmit low

x1:3

Term

T-Term

Termination resistor
for transmitter (and
receiver in 2-wire
case) (connect to TX+)

x1:4

reserved

R-Term

Termination resistor
for receiver (connect to
RX+)

x1:5

reserved

RX-

Receive low

x1:6

reserved

RX+

Receive high

2wire:

Connect pin X1:1 to


pin X1:6 and pin X1:2
to pin X1:5.

Termination (2-wire):

Connect pin X1:1 to


pin X1:3

Termination (4-wire):

Connect pin X1:1 to


pin X1:3 and pin X1:4
to pin X1:6

56
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

The distance between earth points should be < 1200 m (3000 ft), see figure 33 and
34. Only the outer shielding is connected to the protective earth at the IED. The
inner and outer shieldings are connected to the protective earth at the external
equipment. Use insulating tape for the inner shield to prevent contact with the
protective earth. Make sure that the terminals are properly earthed with as short
connections as possible from the earth screw, for example to an earthed frame.
The IED and the external equipment should preferably be connected to the same
battery.
Cc

1 2 3 4 5 6

Cc

1)

2)

1 2 3 4 5 6
X1

X1

IED

External
Equipment (PC)

IED

PE

PE

PE

PE 1) 3)

en07000141.vsd

IEC07000141 V1 EN

Figure 33:

Communication cable installation, 2-wire

Where:
1

The inner shields shall be connected together (with an isolated terminal block) and only
have one earthing point in the whole system, preferably at the external equipment (PC).
The outer shield shall be connected to Protective Earth (PE) in every cable end that is, to PE
at all IED terminals and to PE at External equipment (PC). The first IED will have only one
cable end but all others of course two.

Connect according to installation instructions for the actual equipment, observe the 120
ohms termination.

The protective earth should be close to the external equipment (< 2m)

Cc

Communication cable

PE

Protective earth screw

57
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Cc

Cc

1)

1)

1 2 3 4 5 6

2)

1 2 3 4 5 6
X1

X1

IED

External
Equipment (PC)

IED

PE

PE

PE

PE 1) 3)

en07000142.vsd

IEC07000142 V1 EN

Figure 34:

Communication cable installation, 4-wire

Where:
1

The inner shields shall be connected together (with an isolated terminal block) and only
have one earthing point in the whole system, preferably at the external equipment (PC).
The outer shield shall be connected to Protective Earth (PE) in every cable end that is, to PE
at all IED terminals and to PE at External equipment (PC). The first IED will have only one
cable end but all others of course two.

Connect according to installation instructions for the actual equipment, observe the 120
ohms termination.

The protective earth should be close to the external equipment (< 2m)

Cc

Communication cable

PE

Protective earthscrew

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Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

en03000110.vsd
IEC03000110 V1 EN

Figure 35:

Cable contact, Phoenix: MSTB2.5/6-ST-5.08 1757051

Where:
1

is cable

is screw

Pair separator
Pair Shield
Drain wire

Conductor

Overall shield
Separator
Jacket
en07000139.vsd
IEC07000139 V1 EN

Figure 36:

Cross section of communication cable

The EIA standard RS-485 specifies the RS485 network. An informative excerpt is
given in section "Installing the serial communication cable for RS485 SPA/IEC".

5.6.2

Installing the serial communication cable for RS485 SPA/IEC


Informative excerpt from EIA Standard RS-485 - Electrical Characteristics of
Generators and Receivers for Balanced Digital Multipoint Systems
RS-485 Wire - Media dependent Physical layer

59
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Normative references

EIA Standard RS-485 - Electrical Characteristics of Generators and Receivers for Balanced Digital
Multipoint Systems
2

Transmission method

RS-485 differential bipolar signaling


2.1

Differential signal levels

Two differential signal levels are defined:


A+ =line A positive with respect to line B
A- =line A negative with respect to line B
2.2

Galvanic isolation

The RS485 circuit shall be isolated from earth by:


Riso 10 MW
Ciso 10 pF
Three isolation options exist:
a) The entire node electronics can be galvanically isolated
b) The bus interface circuit can be isolated form the rest of node electronics by
optoisolators, transformer coupling or otherwise.
c) The RS485 chip can include built-in isolation
2.3

Bus excitation and signal conveyance

2.3.1

Requirements
a) The RS485 specification requires the Signal A and Signal B wires.
b) Each node also requires (5 V) Excitation of the RS485 termination network.
c) Vim - the common mode voltage between any pair of RS485 chips may not exceed 10 V.
d) A physical ground connection between all RS485 circuits will reduce noise.

2.3.2

Bus segment termination network

The termination network below required at each end of each Bus Ph-segment.

ExV+
Ru = 390 ohm
1/4 W, 2%
Signal B
Rt = 220 ohm
1/4 W, 2%
Signal A
Rd = 390 ohm
1/4 W, 2%
DGND
ExV is supplied by the Node at end of the Bus Segment
en03000112.vsd
IEC03000112 V1 EN

Figure 37:

RS-485 bus segment termination

Table continues on next page

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Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

ExV is supplied by the Node at end of the Bus Segment


The specifications of the components are:

2.3.3

a) Ru

+ 5 V to Signal B

= 390 W, 0.25 W 2.5%

b) Rt

Signal B to Signal A

= 220 W, 0.25 W 2.5%

c) Rd

Signal A to GND

= 390 W, 0.25 W 2.5%

Bus power distribution

The end node in each Ph-segment applies 5 V bus excitation power to the Termination network via
the Excitation pair (ExV+ and GND) used in the Type 3 Physical layer specification.

5.6.3

Data on RS485 serial communication module cable


Type:

Twisted-pair S-STP (Screened Screened Twisted Pair)

Shield:

Individual foil for each pair with overall copper braid

Length:

Maximum 1200 m (3000 ft) from one system earth to the next system earth
(includes length from platform point to system earth on both sides)

Temp:

According to application

Impedance:

120 W

Capacitance:

Less than or equal to 42 pF/m

Example:

Belden 9841,Alpha wire 6412, 6413

5.7

Installing the GPS antenna

5.7.1

Antenna installation
The antenna is mounted on a console for mounting on a horizontal or vertical flat
surface or on an antenna mast.

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Installation and commissioning manual

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Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

2
3

xx05000510.vsd
IEC05000510 V1 EN

PosNO Description
1

GPS antenna

TNC connector

Console, 78x150 mm

Mounting holes 5.5 mm

Tab for securing of antenna cable

Vertical mounting position (on antenna mast etc.)

Horizontal mounting position

Mount the antenna and console clear of flat surfaces such as buildings walls, roofs
and windows to avoid signal reflections. If necessary, protect the antenna from
animals and birds which can affect signal strength. Also protect the antenna against
lightning.
Always position the antenna and its console so that a continuous clear line-of-sight
visibility to all directions is obtained, preferably more than 75%. A minimum of
50% clear line-of-sight visibility is required for un-interrupted operation.

62
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 5
Installing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

99001046.vsd
IEC99001046 V1 EN

Figure 38:

5.7.2

Antenna line-of-sight

Electrical installation
Use a 50 ohm coaxial cable with a male TNC connector on the antenna end and a
male SMA connector on the receiver end to connect the antenna to the IED.
Choose cable type and length so that the total attenuation is max. 26 dB at 1.6
GHz. A suitable antenna cable is supplied with the antenna.
The antenna has a female TNC connector to the antenna cable. For location of GPS
time module (GTM), refer to section "Rear side connectors". Connection diagram
for GTM is shown in figure 22.
Make sure that the antenna cable is not charged when connected to
the antenna or to the receiver. Short-circuit the end of the antenna
cable with some metal device, then connect to the antenna. When
the antenna is connected to the cable, connect the cable to the
receiver. The IED must be switched off when the antenna cable is
connected.

5.7.3

Lightning protection
The antenna should be mounted with adequate lightning protection, that is the
antenna mast must not rise above a neighboring lightning conductor.

63
Installation and commissioning manual

64

Section 6
Checking the external optical and electrical connections

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 6

Checking the external optical and


electrical connections

About this chapter


This chapter describes what to check to ensure correct connection to the external
circuitry, such as the auxiliary power supply, CTs and VTs. These checks must be
made with the protection IED de-energized.

6.1

Overview
The user must check the installation which includes verifying that the IED is
connected to the other parts of the protection system. This is done with the IED and
all connected circuits de-energized.

6.2

Checking VT circuits
Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied connection diagram.
Correct possible errors before continuing to test the circuitry.

Test the circuitry.

Polarity check
VT circuit voltage measurement (primary injection test)
Earthing check
Phase relationship
Insulation resistance check

The polarity check verifies the integrity of circuits and the phase relationships. The
check must be performed as close to the IED as possible.
The primary injection test verifies the VT ratio and the wiring all the way from the
primary system to the IED. Injection must be performed for each phase-to-neutral
circuit and each phase-to-phase pair. In each case, voltages in all phases and
neutral are measured.

65
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 6
Checking the external optical and electrical connections

6.3

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Checking CT circuits
Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied
connection diagram.
The CTs must be connected in accordance with the circuit diagram provided with
the IED, both with regards to phases and polarity. The following tests shall be
performed on every primary CT connected to the IED:

Primary injection test to verify the current ratio of the CT, the correct wiring
up to the protection IED and correct phase sequence connection (that is L1,
L2, L3.)
Polarity check to prove that the predicted direction of secondary current flow
is correct for a given direction of primary current flow. This is an essential test
for the proper operation of the differential function.
CT secondary loop resistance measurement to confirm that the current
transformer secondary loop DC resistance is within specification and that there
are no high resistance joints in the CT winding or wiring.
CT excitation test in order to confirm that the current transformer is of the
correct accuracy rating and that there are no shorted turns in the current
transformer windings. Manufacturer's design curves must be available for the
current transformer to compare the actual results.
Earthing check of the individual CT secondary circuits to verify that each threephase set of main CTs is properly connected to the station earth and only at
one electrical point.
Insulation resistance check.
Phase identification of CT shall be made.
Both the primary and the secondary sides must be disconnected
from the line and the IED when plotting the excitation characteristics.

If the CT secondary circuit earth connection is removed without the


current transformer primary being de-energized, dangerous voltages
may result in the secondary CT circuits.

6.4

Checking the power supply


Check that the auxiliary supply voltage remains within the permissible input
voltage range under all operating conditions. Check that the polarity is correct
before powering the IED.

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Installation and commissioning manual

Section 6
Checking the external optical and electrical connections

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

6.5

Checking the binary I/O circuits

6.5.1

Binary input circuits


Preferably, disconnect the binary input connector from the binary input cards.
Check all connected signals so that both input level and polarity are in accordance
with the IED specifications.

6.5.2

Binary output circuits


Preferably, disconnect the binary output connector from the binary output cards.
Check all connected signals so that both load and polarity are in accordance with
IED specifications.

6.6

Checking optical connections


Check that the Tx and Rx optical connections are correct.
An IED equipped with optical connections requires a minimum
depth of 180 mm for plastic fiber cables and 275 mm for glass fiber
cables. Check the allowed minimum bending radius from the
optical cable manufacturer.

67
Installation and commissioning manual

68

Section 7
Energizing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 7

Energizing the IED

About this chapter


This chapter describes the start-up sequence and what to check once the IED has
been energized.

7.1

Checking the IED operation


Check all connections to external circuitry to ensure correct installation, before
energizing the IED and carrying out the commissioning procedures.
The user could also check the software version, the IED's serial number and the
installed modules and their ordering number to ensure that the IED is according to
delivery and ordering specifications.
Energize the power supply of the IED to start it up. This could be done in a number
of ways, from energizing a whole cubicle to energizing a single IED. The user
should re-configure the IED to activate the hardware modules in order to enable the
self supervision function to detect possible hardware errors. Set the IED time if no
time synchronization source is configured. Check also the self-supervision function
in Main menu/Diagnostics/Monitoring menu in local HMI to verify that the IED
operates properly.

7.2

Energizing the IED


When the IED is energized, the green LED starts flashing instantly. After
approximately 55 seconds the window lights up and the window displays IED
Startup. The main menu is displayed and the upper row should indicate Ready
after about 90 seconds. A steady green light indicates a successful startup.

69
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 7
Energizing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

t1

t2

t (s)

xx04000310-1-en.vsd
IEC04000310 V2 EN

Figure 39:

Typical IED start-up sequence

1 IED energized. Green LED instantly starts flashing


2 LCD lights up and "IED startup" is displayed
3 The main menu is displayed. A steady green light indicates a successful startup.

If the upper row in the window indicates Fail instead of Ready and the green
LED flashes, an internal failure in the IED has been detected. See section
"Checking the self supervision function" in this chapter to investigate the fault.
An example of the local HMI is shown in figure 40.

7.3

Design
The different parts of the medium size local HMI are shown in figure 40. The local
HMI exists in an IEC version and in an ANSI version. The difference is on the
keypad operation buttons and the yellow LED designation.

70
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 7
Energizing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

IEC06000146-CALLOUT V1 EN

Figure 40:

Medium size graphic HMI

1 Status indication LEDs


2 LCD
3 Indication LEDs
4 Label
5 Local/Remote LEDs
6 RJ45 port
7 Communication indication LED
8 Keypad

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Installation and commissioning manual

Section 7
Energizing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

7.4

Checking the self supervision signals

7.4.1

Reconfiguring the IED


I/O modules configured as logical I/O modules (BIM, BOM or IOM) are supervised.
I/O modules that are not configured are not supervised.
Each logical I/O module has an error flag that indicates signal or module failure.
The error flag is also set when the physical I/O module of the correct type is not
detected in the connected slot.

7.4.2

Setting the IED time


This procedure describes how to set the IED time from the local HMI.

1.
2.

3.

Display the set time dialog.


Navigate to Main menu/Settings/Time/System time
Press the E button to enter the dialog.
Set the date and time.
Use the Left and Right arrow buttons to move between the time and date
values (year, month, day, hours, minutes and seconds). Use the Up and Down
arrow buttons to change the value.
Confirm the setting.
Press the E button to set the calendar and clock to the new values.

7.4.3

Checking the self supervision function

7.4.3.1

Determine the cause of an internal failure


This procedure describes how to navigate the menus in order to find the cause of an
internal failure when indicated by the flashing green LED on the HMI module.
Procedure
1.
2.

Display the general diagnostics menu.


Navigate the menus to:
Diagnostics/IED status/General
Scroll the supervision values to identify the reason for the failure.
Use the arrow buttons to scroll between values.

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Installation and commissioning manual

Section 7
Energizing the IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

7.4.4

Self supervision HMI data


Table 8:

Signals from the General menu in the diagnostics tree.

Indicated result

Possible reason

Proposed action

InternFail OK

No problem detected.

None.

InternFail Fail

A failure has occurred.

Check the rest of the indicated results to find


the fault.

InternWarning OK

No problem detected.

None.

InternWarning Warning

A warning has been


issued.

Check the rest of the indicated results to find


the fault.

NUM-modFail OK

No problem detected.

None.

NUM-modFail Fail

The main processing


module has failed.

Contact your ABB representative for service.

NUM-modWarning OK

No problem detected.

None.

NUM-modWarning
Warning

There is a problem with:

Set the clock.


If the problem persists, contact your ABB
representative for service.

ADC-module OK

No problem detected.

None.

ADC-module Fail

The AD conversion
module has failed.

Contact your ABB representative for service.

CANP 9 BIM1 Fail

IO module has failed.

Check that the IO module has been


configured and connected to the IOP1- block.
If the problem persists, contact your ABB
representative for service.

RealTimeClock OK

No problem detected.

None.

RealTimeClock Warning

The real time clock has


been reset.

Set the clock.

TimeSync OK

No problem detected.

None.

TimeSync Warning

No time synchronization.

Check the synchronization source for


problems.
If the problem persists, contact your ABB
representative for service.

the real time clock.


the time
synchronization.

73
Installation and commissioning manual

74

Section 8
Set up the PCM600 communication link per IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 8

Set up the PCM600 communication link


per IED

About this chapter


This chapter describes the communication between the IED and PCM600.

8.1

Setting up communication between PCM600 and


the IED
The communication between the IED and PCM600 is independent of the
communication protocol used within the substation or to the NCC.
The communication media is always Ethernet and the used protocol is TCP/IP.
Each IED has an RJ-45 Ethernet interface connector on the front and on the rear
side. The Ethernet connector can be used for communication with PCM600.
When an Ethernet-based station protocol is used, PCM600 communication can use
the same Ethernet port and IP address.
To connect PCM600 to the IED, two basic variants must be considered.

Direct point-to-point link between PCM600 and the IED front port. The front
port can be seen as a service port.
Indirect link via a station LAN or from remote via a network.

The physical connection and the IP address must be configured in both cases to
enable communication.
The communication procedures are the same in both cases.
1.
2.
3.
4.

If needed, set the IP address for the IEDs.


Set up the PC or workstation for a direct link (point-to-point), or
Connect the PC or workstation to the LAN/WAN network.
Configure the IED IP addresses in the PCM600 project for each IED to match
the IP addresses of the physical IEDs.

Setting up IP addresses
The IP address and the corresponding mask must be set via the LHMI for each
available Ethernet interface in the IED. Each Ethernet interface has a default

75
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 8
Set up the PCM600 communication link per IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

factory IP address when the IED is delivered. This is not given when an additional
Ethernet interface is installed or an interface is replaced.

The default IP address for the IED front port is 10.1.150.3 and the
corresponding subnetwork mask is 255.255.255.0, which can be set via the
local HMI path Main menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/
Ethernet configuration/Front port.
The default IP address for the IED rear port is 192.168.1.10 and the
corresponding subnetwork mask is 255.255.255.0, which can be set via the
local HMI path Main menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/
Ethernet configuration/Rear OEM - port AB and Rear OEM - port CD.
The front and rear port IP addresses cannot belong to the same
subnet or communication will fail. It is recommended to change the
IP address of the front port, if the front and rear port are set to the
same subnet.

Setting up the PC or workstation for point-to-point access to IEDs


front port
A special cable is needed to connect two physical Ethernet interfaces together
without a hub, router, bridge or switch in between. The Tx and Rx signal wires
must be crossed in the cable to connect Tx with Rx on the other side and vice
versa. These cables are known as cross over cables. The maximum length should
be about 2 m. The connector type is RJ-45.

IED

RJ-45

PCM600

Tx

Tx

Rx

Rx
IEC09000096-1-en.vsd

IEC09000096 V1 EN

Figure 41:

Point-to-point link between IED and PCM600 using a null-modem


cable

The following description is an example valid for standard PCs using Microsoft
Windows operating system. The example is taken from a Laptop with one Ethernet
interface.
Administrator rights are required to change the PC communication
setup. Some PCs have the feature to automatically detect that Tx
signals from the IED are received on the Tx pin on the PC. Thus, a
straight (standard) Ethernet cable can be used.

76
Installation and commissioning manual

Section 8
Set up the PCM600 communication link per IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1.

Select Network Connections in the PC.

IEC09000355-1-en.vsd
IEC09000355 V1 EN

Figure 42:

2.

Select: Network connections

Select Properties in the status window.

IEC09000356-1-en.vsd
IEC09000356 V1 EN

Figure 43:

3.

Right-click Local Area Connection and select Properties

Select the TCP/IP protocol from the list of configured components using this
connection and click Properties.

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Installation and commissioning manual

Section 8
Set up the PCM600 communication link per IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

IEC09000357-1-en.vsd
IEC09000357 V1 EN

Figure 44:

4.

Select the TCP/IP protocol and open Properties

Select Use the following IP address and define IP address and Subnet mask if
the front port is used and if the IP address is not set to be obtained
automatically by the IED, see Figure 45. The IP address must be different from
the IP address chosen for the IED.

IEC09000658-1-en.vsd
IEC09000658 V1 EN

Figure 45:

5.
6.

Select: Use the following IP address

Use the ping command to verify connectivity with the IED.


Close all open windows and start PCM600.

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Section 8
Set up the PCM600 communication link per IED

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Setting up the PC to access the IED via a network


This task depends on the used LAN/WAN network.
The PC and IED must belong to the same subnetwork for this setup to work.

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80

Section 9
Configuring the IED and changing settings

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 9

Configuring the IED and changing settings

About this chapter


This chapter describes how to change IED settings, either through a PC or the local
HMI, and download a configuration to the IED in order to make commissioning
possible.
The chapter does not contain instructions on how to create a configuration or
calculate settings. Please consult the application manual for further information
about how to calculate settings.

9.1

Overview
The customer specific values for each setting parameter and a configuration file
have to be available before the IED can be set and configured, if the IED is not
delivered with a configuration.
Use the configuration tools in PCM600 to verify that the IED has the expected
configuration. A new configuration is done with the application configuration tool.
The binary outputs can be selected from a signal list where the signals are grouped
under their function names. It is also possible to specify a user-defined name for
each input and output signal.
Each function included in the IED has several setting parameters, which have to be
set in order to make the IED behave as intended. A factory default value is
provided for each parameter. A setting file can be prepared using the Parameter
Setting tool, which is available in PCM600.
All settings can be

Entered manually through the local HMI.


Written from a PC, either locally or remotely using PCM600. Front or rear
port communication has to be established before the settings can be written to
the IED.
It takes a minimum of three minutes for the IED to save the new
settings, during this time the DC supply must not be turned off.

The IED uses a FLASH disk for storing configuration data and process data like
counters, object states, Local/Remote switch position etc. Since FLASH memory is
used, measures have been taken in software to make sure that the FLASH disk is
not worn out by too intensive storing of data. These mechanisms make it necessary
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Configuring the IED and changing settings

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

to think about a couple of issues in order to not loose configuration data, especially
at commissioning time.
After the commissioning is complete, the configuration data is always stored to
FLASH, so that is not an issue. But other things, like objects states and the Local/
Remote switch position is stored in a slightly different way, where the save of data
to FLASH is performed more and more seldom to eliminate the risk of wearing out
the FLASH disk. In worst case, the time between saves of this kind of data is
around one hour.
This means, that to be absolutely sure that all data have been saved to FLASH, it is
necessary to leave the IED with auxiliary power connected after all the
commissioning is done (including setting the Local/Remote switch to the desired
position) for at least one hour after the last commissioning action performed on the
IED.
After that time has elapsed, it will be safe to turn the IED off, no data will be lost.

9.2

Entering settings through the local HMI


Procedure
1.
2.
3.

Set each function included in the IED in the local HMI.


Browse to the function to be set and enter the appropriate value.
Find the parameters for each function in the local HMI

The operator's manual is structured in a similar way to the local HMI and provides
a detailed guide to the use of the local HMI including paths in the menu structure
and brief explanations of most settings and measurements. See the technical
reference manual for a complete list of setting parameters for each function. Some
of the included functions may not be used. In this case the user can set the
parameter Operation = Off to disable the function.

9.3

Configuring analog CT inputs


The analog input channels must be configured to get correct measurement results
as well as correct protection functionality. Because all protection algorithms in the
IED utilize the primary system quantities, it is extremely important to make sure
that connected current transformer settings are done properly. These data are
calculated by the system engineer and normally set by the commissioner from the
local HMI or from PCM600.
The analog inputs on the transformer input module are dimensioned for either 1A
or 5A. Each transformer input module has a unique combination of current and

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Configuring the IED and changing settings

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

voltage inputs. Make sure the input current rating is correct and that it matches the
order documentation.
The primary CT data are entered via the HMI menu under Main menu/Settings/
General Settings/Analog modules/AnalogInputs
The following parameter shall be set for every current transformer connected to the
IED:
Table 9:

CT configuration

Parameter description
Rated CT primary current in A

Parameter name
CT Prim Input

Range
from -10000 to +10000

Default
0

This parameter defines the primary rated current of the CT. For two set of CTs with
ratio 1000/1 and 1000/5 this parameter is set to the same value of 1000 for both CT
inputs. Negative values (that is -1000) can be used in order to reverse the direction
of the CT current by software for the differential function. This might be necessary
if two sets of CTs have different star point locations in relation to the protected
busbar. It is recommended that this parameter is set to zero, for all unused CT inputs.
For main CTs with 2A rated secondary current, it is recommended to connect the
secondary wiring to the 1A input and to set the rated primary current to one half
times its true value. For example, a CT with a primary secondary current ratio of
1000/2A can be treated as a 500/1A CT.
Take the rated permissive overload values for the current inputs
into consideration.

9.4

Writing settings and configuration from a PC

9.4.1

Writing an application configuration to the IED


When writing a configuration to the IED with the application configuration tool,
the IED is automatically set in configuration mode. When the IED is set in
configuration mode, all functions are blocked. The red LED on the IED flashes,
and the green LED is lit while the IED is in the configuration mode.
When the configuration is written and completed, the IED is automatically set into
normal mode. For further instructions please refer to the users manuals for
PCM600.

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84

Section 10
Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC- communication

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 10

Establishing connection and verifying the


SPA/IEC- communication

About this chapter


This chapter contains instructions on how to establish connection and verify that
the SPA/IEC-communication operates as intended, when the IED is connected to a
monitoring or control system via the rear SPA/IEC port.

10.1

Entering settings
If the IED is connected to a monitoring or control system via the rear SPA/IEC
port, the SPA/IEC port has to be set either for SPA or IEC use.

10.1.1

Entering SPA settings


The SPA/IEC port is located on the rear side of the IED. Two types of interfaces
can be used:

for plastic fibres with connector type HFBR


for glass fibres with connectors type ST

When using the SPA protocol, the rear SPA/IEC port must be set for SPA use.
Procedure
1.

2.

Set the operation of the rear optical SPA/IEC port to SPA.


The operation of the rear SPA port can be found on the local HMI under
Main menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/SLM
configuration/Rear optical SPA-IEC-DNP port/Protocol selection
When the setting is entered the IED restarts automatically. After the restart
the SPA/IEC port operates as a SPA port.
Set the slave number and baud rate for the rear SPA port
The slave number and baud rate can be found on the local HMI under Main
menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/SLM configuration/Rear
optical SPA-IEC-DNP port/SPA
Set the same slave number and baud rate as set in the SMS system for the IED.

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Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC- communication
10.1.2

Entering IEC settings


When using the IEC protocol, the rear SPA/IEC port must be set for IEC use.
Two types of interfaces can be used:

for plastic fibres with connector type HFBR


for glass fibres with connectors type ST

Procedure
1.

2.

10.2

Set the operation of the rear SPA/IEC port to IEC.


The operation of the rear SPA/IEC port can be found on the local HMI under
Main menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/SLM
configuration/Rear optical SPA-IEC-DNP port/Protocol selection
When the setting is entered the IED restarts automatically After the restart the
selected IEC port operates as an IEC port.
Set the slave number and baud rate for the rear IEC port
The slave number and baud rate can be found on the local HMI under Main
menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/SLM configuration/Rear
optical SPA-IEC-DNP port/IEC608705103
Set the same slave number and baud rate as set in the IEC master system for
the IED.

Verifying the communication


To verify that the rear communication with the SMS/SCS system is working, there
are some different methods. Choose one of the following.

10.2.1

Verifying SPA communication


Procedure
1.
2.

Use a SPA-emulator and send RF to the IED. The answer from the IED
should be IED 670 .
Generate one binary event by activating a function, which is configured to an
event block where the used input is set to generate events on SPA. The
configuration must be made with the PCM600 software. Verify that the event
is presented in the SMS/SCS system.

During the following tests of the different functions in the IED, verify that the
events and indications in the SMS/SCS system are as expected.

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Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC- communication

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

10.2.2

Verifying IEC communication


To verify that the IEC communication with the IEC master system is working,
there are some different methods. Choose one of the following.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.

Check that the master system time-out for response from the IED, for
example after a setting change, is > 40 seconds.
Use a protocol analyzer and record the communication between the IED and
the IEC master. Check in the protocol analyzers log that the IED answers the
master messages.
Generate one binary event by activating a function that is configured to an
event block where the used input is set to generate events on IEC. The
configuration must be made with the PCM600 software. Verify that the event
is presented in the IEC master system.

During the following tests of the different functions in the IED, verify that the
events and indications in the IEC master system are as expected.

10.3

Fibre optic loop


The SPA communication is mainly used for SMS. It can include different
numerical IEDs with remote communication possibilities. The fibre optic loop can
contain < 20-30 IEDs depending on requirements on response time. Connection to
a personal computer (PC) can be made directly (if the PC is located in the
substation) or by telephone modem through a telephone network with ITU
(CCITT) characteristics.
Table 10:

Max distances between IEDs/nodes

glass

< 1000 m according to optical budget

plastic

< 25 m (inside cubicle) according to optical budget

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Section 10
1MRK 505 210-UEN C
Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC- communication

Remote monitoring
system with
PCM600

Local monitoring
system with
PCM600

IED

Teleph
one
modem

IED

IED

Teleph
one
modem

Optical to electrical
converter, e.g. SPA-ZC 22
or Fiberdata modem

en05000672.vsd

IEC05000672 V2 EN

Figure 46:

Example of SPA communication structure for a station monitoring


system

Where:
1

10.4

A separate minute pulse synchronization from station clock to obtain 1 ms accuracy for
time tagging within the substation might be required.

Optical budget calculation for serial communication


with SPA/IEC
Table 11:

Example
Distance 1 km
Glass

Distance 25 m
Plastic

Maximum attenuation

- 11 dB

- 7 dB

4 dB/km multi mode: 820 nm - 62.5/125 um

4 dB

0.16 dB/m plastic: 620 nm - 1mm

4 dB

Margins for installation, aging, and so on

5 dB

1 dB

Losses in connection box, two contacts (0.5 dB/contact)

1 dB

Losses in connection box, two contacts (1 dB/contact)

2 dB

Margin for 2 repair splices (0.5 dB/splice)

1 dB

Maximum total attenuation

11 dB

7 dB

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Section 11

Section 11
Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication

Establishing connection and verifying the


LON communication

About this chapter


This chapter explains how to set up LON communication and how to verify that
LON communication is up and running.

11.1

Communication via the rear ports

11.1.1

LON communication
LON communication is normally used in substation automation systems. Optical
fiber is used within the substation as the physical communication link.
The test can only be carried out when the whole communication system is installed.
Thus, the test is a system test and is not dealt with here.
The communication protocol Local Optical Network (LON) is available for 670
IED series as an option.

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Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Control Center

Station HSI
MicroSCADA

Gateway

Star coupler
RER 111

IED

IED

IED

IEC05000663-1-en.vsd
IEC05000663 V2 EN

Figure 47:

Example of LON communication structure for a substation


automation system

An optical network can be used within the substation automation system. This
enables communication with the IEDs in the 670 series through the LON bus from
the operators workplace, from the control center and also from other IEDs via bayto-bay horizontal communication.
The fibre optic LON bus is implemented using either glass core or plastic core fibre
optic cables.
Table 12:

Specification of the fibre optic connectors


Glass fibre

11.2.1

Plastic fibre

Cable connector

ST-connector

snap-in connector

Cable diameter

62.5/125 m

1 mm

Max. cable length

1000 m

10 m

Wavelength

820-900 nm

660 nm

Transmitted power

-13 dBm (HFBR-1414)

-13 dBm (HFBR-1521)

Receiver sensitivity

-24 dBm (HFBR-2412)

-20 dBm (HFBR-2521)

The LON Protocol


The LON protocol is specified in the LonTalkProtocol Specification Version 3
from Echelon Corporation. This protocol is designed for communication in control
networks and is a peer-to-peer protocol where all the devices connected to the
network can communicate with each other directly. For more information of the bayto-bay communication, refer to the section Multiple command function.

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11.2.2

Section 11
Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication
Hardware and software modules
The hardware needed for applying LON communication depends on the
application, but one very central unit needed is the LON Star Coupler and optical
fibres connecting the star coupler to the IEDs. To interface the IEDs from
MicroSCADA, the application library LIB670 is required.
The HV Control 670 software module is included in the LIB520 high-voltage
process package, which is a part of the Application Software Library within
MicroSCADA applications.
The HV Control 670 software module is used for control functions in IEDs in the
670 series. This module contains the process picture, dialogues and a tool to
generate the process database for the control application in MicroSCADA.
Use the LON Network Tool (LNT) to set the LON communication. This is a
software tool applied as one node on the LON bus. To communicate via LON, the
IEDs need to know

The node addresses of the other connected IEDs.


The network variable selectors to be used.

This is organized by LNT.


The node address is transferred to LNT via the local HMI by setting the parameter
ServicePinMsg = Yes. The node address is sent to LNT via the LON bus, or LNT
can scan the network for new nodes.
The communication speed of the LON bus is set to the default of 1.25 Mbit/s. This
can be changed by LNT.
The setting parameters for the LON communication are set via the local HMI.
Refer to the technical reference manual for setting parameters specifications.
The path to LON settings in the local HMI is Main menu/Settings/General
settings/Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical LON port
If the LON communication from the IED stops, caused by setting of illegal
communication parameters (outside the setting range) or by another disturbance, it
is possible to reset the LON port of the IED.
By setting the parameter LONDefault = Yes, the LON communication is reset in
the IED, and the addressing procedure can start from the beginning again.
Path in the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/General settings/
Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical LON port
These parameters can only be set with the LON Network Tool (LNT).

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Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication

Table 13:

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Setting parameters for the LON communication

Parameter

Range

Default

Unit

Parameter description

DomainID

Domain identification number

SubnetID*

0 - 255
Step: 1

Subnet identification number

NodeID*

0 - 127
Step: 1

Node identification number

*Can be viewed in the local HMI

Path in the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/General settings/


Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical LON port
These parameters can only be set with the LON Network Tool (LNT).
Table 14:

LON node information parameters

Parameter

Range

Default

Unit

Parameter description

NeuronID*

0 - 12

Not loaded

Neuron hardware identification


number in hexadecimal code

Location

0-6

No value

Location of the node

*Can be viewed in the local HMI

Path in the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/General settings/


Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical LON port
Table 15:
Name

ADE Non group settings (basic)


Values (Range)

Unit

Step

Default

Description

Operation

Off
On

Off

Operation

TimerClass

Slow
Normal
Fast

Slow

Timer class

Path in the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/General settings/


Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical LON port
Table 16:
Command
ServicePinMsg

LON commands
Command description
Command with confirmation. Transfers the node address to the LON Network Tool.

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11.2

Section 11
Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication

Optical budget calculation for serial communication


with LON
Table 17:

Example
Distance 1 km
Glass

Distance10 m
Plastic

Maximum attenuation

-11 dB

- 7 dB

4 dB/km multi mode: 820 nm - 62.5/125 um

4 dB

0.3 dB/m plastic: 620 nm - 1mm

3 dB

Margins for installation, aging, and so on

5 dB

2 dB

Losses in connection box, two contacts (0.75 dB/contact)

1.5 dB

Losses in connection box, two contacts (1dB/contact)

2 dB

Margin for repair splices (0.5 dB/splice)

0.5 dB

Maximum total attenuation

11 dB

7 dB

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94

Section 12
Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850 communication

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 12

Establishing connection and verifying the


IEC 61850 communication

About this chapter


This chapter contains instructions on how to establish connection and verify that
the IEC 61850 communication operates as intended, when the IED is connected to
an Ethernet network via the optical ports of the OEM.

12.1

Overview
The rear OEM ports are used for substation bus (IEC 61850-8-1) communication.
For IEC 61850-8-1 redundant communication, both rear OEM ports are utilized. In
this case IEC 61850-9-2LE communication can not be used.
IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus communication is not supported in
the IED.

12.2

Setting the station communication


To enable IEC 61850 communication the corresponding OEM ports must be
activated. The rear OEM port AB and CD is used for IEC 61850-8-1
communication. For IEC 61850-8-1 redundant communication, both OEM port AB
and CD are used exclusively.
To enable IEC 61850 station communication:
1.

Enable IEC 61850-8-1 (substation bus) communication for port AB.


1.1. Set values for the rear port AB.
Navigate to: Main menu/Settings/general settings/Communication/
Ethernet configuration/Rear OEM - port AB
Set values for Mode, IPAddress and IPMask. Mode must be set to
Normal.
Check that the correct IP address is assigned to the port.
1.2. Enable IEC 61850-8-1 communication.
Navigate to: Main menu/Settings/General settings/Communication/
Station communication/IEC 61850-8-1

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Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850 communication

Set Operation to On and GOOSE to the port used (for example


OEM311_AB).
2.

Enable redundant IEC 61850-8-1 communication for port AB and CD


2.1. Enable redundant communication.
Navigate to: Main menu/Settings/general settings/Communication/
Ethernet configuration/Rear OEM - redundant PRP
Set values for Operation, IPAddress and IPMask. Operation must be set
to On.
The IED will restart after confirmation. Menu items Rear OEM - port
AB and Rear OEM - port CD are hidden in local HMI after restart but
are visible in PST where the values for parameter Mode is set to Duo.

12.3

Verifying the communication


Connect your PC to the substation network and ping the connected IED and the
Substation Master PC, to verify that the communication is working (up to the
transport layer).
The best way to verify the communication up to the application layer is to use
protocol analyzer ITT600 connected to the substation bus, and monitor the
communication.

Verifying redundant IEC 61850-8-1 communication


Ensure that the IED receives IEC 61850-8-1 data on both port AB and CD. Browse
in the local HMI to Main menu/Diagnostics/Communication/Redundant PRP
and check that both signals LAN-A-STATUS and LAN-B-STATUS are shown as
Ok. Remove the optical connection to one of the ports AB or CD. Verify that either
signal LAN-A-STATUS or LAN-B-STATUS (depending on which connection that
was removed) are shown as Error and the that other signal is shown as Ok. Be sure
to re-connect the removed connection after completed verification.

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Section 13
Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 13

Verifying settings by secondary injection

About this chapter


This chapter describes how to verify that protection functions operate correctly and
according to their settings. It is preferable that only the tested function is in operation.

13.1

Overview
IED test requirements:

Calculated settings
Application configuration diagram
Signal matrix (SMT) configuration
Terminal diagram
Technical reference manual
Three-phase test equipment
PCM600

The setting and configuration of the IED must be completed before the testing can
start.
The terminal diagram, available in the technical reference manual, is a general
diagram of the IED.
Note that the same diagram is not always applicable to each
specific delivery (especially for the configuration of all the binary
inputs and outputs).
Therefore, before testing, check that the available terminal diagram corresponds to
the IED.
The technical reference manual contains application and functionality summaries,
function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameters and
technical data sorted per function.
The test equipment should be able to provide a three-phase supply of voltages and
currents. The magnitude of voltage and current as well as the phase angle between
voltage and current must be variable. The voltages and currents from the test
equipment must be obtained from the same source and they must have minimal
harmonic content. If the test equipment cannot indicate the phase angle, a separate
phase-angle measuring instrument is necessary.

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Prepare the IED for test before testing a particular function. Consider the logic
diagram of the tested protection function when performing the test. All included
functions in the IED are tested according to the corresponding test instructions in
this chapter. The functions can be tested in any order according to user preferences
and the test instructions are therefore presented in alphabetical order. Only the
functions that are used (Operation is set to On) should be tested.
The response from a test can be viewed in different ways:

Binary outputs signals


Service values on the local HMI (logical signals or phasors)
A PC with PCM600 application configuration software in debug mode

All setting groups that are used should be tested.


This IED is designed for a maximum continuous current of four
times the rated current.

Please observe the measuring accuracy of the IED, the test


equipment and the angular accuracy for both of them.

Please consider the configured logic from the function block to the
output contacts when measuring the operate time.

After intense testing, it is important that the IED is not immediately


restarted, which might cause a faulty trip due to flash memory
restrictions. Some time must pass before the IED is restarted. For
more information about the flash memory, refer to section
Configuring the IED and changing settings.

13.2

Preparing for test

13.2.1

Preparing the IED to verify settings


If a test switch is included, start preparation by making the necessary connections
to the test switch. This means connecting the test equipment according to a specific
and designated IED terminal diagram.
Put the IED into the test mode to facilitate the test of individual functions and
prevent unwanted operation caused by other functions. The busbar differential

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

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protection is not included in the test mode and is not prevented to operate during
the test operations. The test switch should then be connected to the IED.
Verify that analog input signals from the analog input module are measured and
recorded correctly by injecting currents and voltages required by the specific IED.
To make testing even more effective, use PCM600. PCM600 includes the Signal
monitoring tool, which is useful in reading the individual currents and voltages,
their amplitudes and phase angles. In addition, PCM600 contains the Disturbance
handling tool. The content of reports generated by the Disturbance handling tool
can be configured which makes the work more efficient. For example, the tool may
be configured to only show time tagged events and to exclude analog information
and so on.
Check the disturbance report settings to ensure that the indications are correct.
For test functions and test and signal parameter names, see the technical reference
manual. The correct initiation of the disturbance recorder is made on start and/or
release or trip from a function. Also check that the wanted recordings of analog
(real and calculated) and binary signals are achieved.
Parameters can be entered into different setting groups. Make sure
to test functions for the same parameter setting group. If needed,
repeat the tests for all different setting groups used. The difference
between testing the first parameter setting group and the remaining
is that there is no need for testing the connections.
During testing, observe that the right testing method, that corresponds to the actual
parameters set in the activated parameter setting group, is used.
Set and configure the function(s) before testing. Most functions are highly flexible
and permit a choice of functional and tripping modes. The various modes are
checked at the factory as part of the design verification. In certain cases, only
modes with a high probability of coming into operation need to be checked when
commissioned to verify the configuration and settings.

13.2.2

Preparing the connection to the test equipment


The IED can be equipped with a test switch of type RTXP8, RTXP18 or RTXP24.
The test switch and its associated test plug handle (RTXH8, RTXH18 or RTXH24)
are a part of the COMBITEST system, which provides secure and convenient
testing of the IED.
When using the COMBITEST, preparations for testing are automatically carried
out in the proper sequence, that is, for example, blocking of tripping circuits, short
circuiting of CTs, opening of voltage circuits, making IED terminals available for
secondary injection. Terminals 1 and 8, 1 and 18 as well as 1 and 12 of the test
switches RTXP8, RTXP18 and RTXP24 respectively are not disconnected as they
supply DC power to the protection IED.
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1MRK 505 210-UEN C

The RTXH test-plug handle leads may be connected to any type of test equipment
or instrument. When a number of protection IEDs of the same type are tested, the
test-plug handle only needs to be moved from the test switch of one protection IED
to the test switch of the other, without altering the previous connections.
Use COMBITEST test system to prevent unwanted tripping when the handle is
withdrawn, since latches on the handle secure it in the half withdrawn position. In
this position, all voltages and currents are restored and any re-energizing transients
are given a chance to decay before the trip circuits are restored. When the latches
are released, the handle can be completely withdrawn from the test switch,
restoring the trip circuits to the protection IED.
If a test switch is not used, perform measurement according to the provided circuit
diagrams.
Never disconnect the secondary connection of a current transformer
circuit without first short-circuiting the transformer's secondary
winding. Operating a current transformer with the secondary
winding open will cause a massive potential build up that may
damage the transformer and cause personal injury.

13.2.3

Activating the test mode


Put the IED into the test mode before testing. The test mode blocks all protection
functions and some of the control functions in the IED, and the individual functions
to be tested can be unblocked to prevent unwanted operation caused by other
functions. In this way, it is possible to test slower back-up measuring functions
without the interference from faster measuring functions. The busbar differential
protection is not included in the test mode and is not prevented to operate during
the test operations. The test switch should then be connected to the IED.Test mode
is indicated when the yellow StartLED flashes.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Browse to the TestMode menu and press E.


The TestMode menu is found on the local HMI under Main menu/Test/IED
test mode/TestMode
Use the up and down arrows to choose On and press E.
Press the left arrow to exit the menu.
The dialog box Save changes appears.
Choose Yes, press E and exit the menu.
The yellow startLED above the LCD will start flashing when the IED is in
test mode.

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13.2.4

Connecting the test equipment to the IED


Connect the test equipment according to the IED specific connection diagram and
the needed input and output signals for the function under test. An example of a
connection is shown in figure 48.
Connect the current and voltage terminals. Pay attention to the current polarity.
Make sure that the connection of input and output current terminals and the
connection of the residual current conductor is correct. Check that the input and
output logical signals in the logic diagram for the function under test are connected
to the corresponding binary inputs and outputs of the IED under test.

IL1
IL2
IL3
IN (I4,I5)

IL1
IL2
IL3
IN

UL1
UL2
UL3
UN
UN (U4,U5)
TRIP L1
TRIP L2
TRIP L3

UL1
UL2
UL3
UN

IED

Test equipment

To ensure correct results, make sure that the IED as well as the test
equipment are properly earthed before testing.

IEC 61850
IEC09000652-1-en.vsd
IEC09000652 V1 EN

Figure 48:

13.2.5

Connection example of the test equipment to the IED when test


equipment is connected to the transformer input module

Verifying analog primary and secondary measurement


Verify that the connections are correct and that measuring and scaling is done
correctly. This is done by injecting current and voltage to the IED.
Apply input signals as needed according to the actual hardware and
the application configuration.

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1.
2.

3.

4.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Inject a symmetrical three-phase voltage and current at rated value.


Compare the injected value with the measured values.
The voltage and current phasor menu in the local HMI is located under Main
menu/Measurements/Analog primary values and Main menu/
Measurements/Analog secondary values.
Compare the frequency reading with the set frequency and the direction of the
power.
The frequency and active power are located under Main menu/
Measurements/Monitoring/ServiceValues(MMXN)/CVMMXN:x. Then
navigate to the bottom of the list to find the frequency.
Inject an unsymmetrical three-phase voltage and current, to verify that phases
are correctly connected.

If some setting deviates, check the analog input settings under


Main menu/Settings/General settings/Analog modules

13.2.6

Releasing the function to be tested


Release or unblock the function to be tested. This is done to ensure that only the
function or the chain of functions to be tested are in operation and that other
functions are prevented from operating. Release the tested function(s) by setting
the corresponding Blocked parameter under Function test modes to No in the local
HMI.
When testing a function in this blocking feature, remember that not only the actual
function must be activated, but the whole sequence of interconnected functions
(from measuring inputs to binary output contacts), including logic must be
activated. Before starting a new test mode session, scroll through every function to
ensure that only the function to be tested (and the interconnected ones) have the
parameters Blocked and eventually EvDisable set to No and Yes respectively.
Remember that a function is also blocked if the BLOCK input signal on the
corresponding function block is active, which depends on the configuration. Ensure
that the logical status of the BLOCK input signal is equal to 0 for the function to be
tested. Event function blocks can also be individually blocked to ensure that no
events are reported to a remote station during the test. This is done by setting the
parameter EvDisable to Yes.
Any function is blocked if the corresponding setting in the local
HMI under Main menu/Test/Function test modes menu remains
On, that is, the parameter Blocked is set to Yes and the parameter
TestMode under Main menu/Test/IED test mode remains active.
All functions that were blocked or released in a previous test mode
session, that is, the parameter Test mode is set to On, are reset when
a new test mode session is started.
Procedure

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1.
2.
3.

Click the Function test modes menu.


The Function test modes menu is located in the local HMI under Main menu/
Test/Function test modes.
Browse to the function instance that needs to be released.
Set parameter Blocked for the selected function to No.

13.2.7

Disturbance report

13.2.7.1

Introduction
The following sub-functions are included in the disturbance report function:

Disturbance recorder
Event list
Event recorder
Trip value recorder
Indications

If the disturbance report is set on, then its sub-functions are also set up and so it is
not possible to only switch these sub-functions off. The disturbance report function
is switched off (parameter Operation = Off) in PCM600 or the local HMI under
Main menu/Settings/General settings/Monitoring/DisturanceReport/
DisturbanceReport(RDRE).

13.2.7.2

Disturbance report settings


When the IED is in test mode, the disturbance report can be made active or
inactive. If the disturbance recorder is turned on during test mode, recordings will
be made. When test mode is switched off all recordings made during the test
session are cleared.
Setting OpModeTest for the control of the disturbance recorder during test mode
are located on the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/General settings/
Monitoring/DisturbanceReport/DisturbanceReport(RDRE).

13.2.7.3

Disturbance recorder (DR)


A Manual Trig can be started at any time. This results in a recording of the actual
values from all recorded channels.
The Manual Trig can be initiated in two ways:
1.

From the local HMI under Main menu/Disturbance records.


1.1. Enter on the row at the bottom of the HMI called Manual trig.

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The newly performed manual trig will result in a new row.


1.2. Navigate to General information or to Trip values to obtain more
detailed information.
2.

Open the Disturbance handling tool for the IED in the plant structure in
PCM600.
2.1. Right-click and select Execute manual Trig in the window Available
recordings in IED.
2.2. Read the required recordings from the IED.
2.3. Refresh the window Recordings and select a recording.
2.4. Right-click and select Create Report or Open With to export the
recordings to any disturbance analyzing tool that can handle Comtrade
formatted files.

Evaluation of the results from the disturbance recording function requires access to
a PC either permanently connected to the IED or temporarily connected to the
Ethernet port (RJ-45) on the front. The PCM600 software package must be
installed in the PC.
Disturbance upload can be performed by the use of PCM600 or by any third party
tool with IEC 61850 protocol. Reports can automatically be generated from
PCM600. Disturbance files can be analyzed by any tool reading Comtrade
formatted disturbance files.
It could be useful to have a printer for hard copies. The correct start criteria and
behavior of the disturbance recording function can be checked when IED
protective functions are tested.
When the IED is brought into normal service it is recommended to delete all
recordings, made during commissioning to avoid confusion in future fault analysis.
All recordings in the IED can be deleted in two ways:
1.
2.

13.2.7.4

in the local HMI under Main menu/Reset/Reset disturbances, or


in the Disturbance handling tool in PCM600 by selecting Delete all recordings
in the IED... in the window Available Recordings in IED.

Event recorder (ER) and Event list (EL)


The result from the event recorder and event list can be viewed on the local HMI
or, after upload, in PCM600 as follows:
1.
2.

on the local HMI under Main menu/Events, or in more details via


the Event Viewer in PCM600.
The internal FIFO register of all events will appear when the event viewer is
launched.

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When the IED is brought into normal service it is recommended to delete all events
resulting from commissioning tests to avoid confusion in future fault analysis. All
event in the IED can be cleared in the local HMI under Main Menu//Reset/Reset
internal event list or Main menu/Reset/Reset process event list. It is not possible
to clear the event lists from PCM600.
When testing binary inputs, the event list (EL) might be used instead. No uploading
or analyzing of registrations is then needed since the event list keeps running,
independent of start of disturbance registration.

13.2.8

Identifying the function to test in the technical reference


manual
Use the technical reference manual (to identify function blocks, logic diagrams,
input and output signals, setting parameters and technical data.

13.2.9

Exit test mode


The following procedure is used to return to normal operation.
1.
2.
3.

Navigate to the test mode folder.


Change the On setting to Off. Press the 'E' key and the left arrow key.
Answer YES, press the 'E' key and exit the menus.

13.3

Basic IED functions

13.3.1

Parameter setting group handling SETGRPS


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.3.1.1

Verifying the settings


1.
2.

3.
4.

Check the configuration of binary inputs that control the selection of the
active setting group.
Browse to the ActiveGroup menu to achieve information about the active
setting group.
The ActiveGroup menu is located on the local HMI underMain menu/Test/
Function status/Setting groups/ActiveGroup
Connect the appropriate dc voltage to the corresponding binary input of the
IED and observe the information presented on the local HMI.
The displayed information must always correspond to the activated input.
Check that the corresponding output indicates the active group.

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Operating procedures for the PC aided methods of changing the active setting
groups are described in the corresponding PCM600 documents and
instructions for the operators within the SCS are included in the SCS
documentation.

13.3.1.2

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.4

Differential protection

13.4.1

Busbar differential protection

13.4.1.1

General
Secondary injection testing is a normal part of the commissioning. The operating
value of all protection functions, the output to the proper trip and alarm contacts
and the operation of binary input signals is checked and documented for future
reference.
The connection of the test set to REB670 is greatly simplified if the RTXP 24 test
switch is included.When the test handle RTXH 24 is inserted in the test switch,
preparations for testing are automatically carried out in the proper sequence, that is,
blocking of the tripping circuits, short-circuiting of the current circuits on the
transformer side, opening of current transformer circuits and making IED terminals
accessible from the terminals on the test plug handle.
If the REB670 is not provided with a test switch, the IED has to be tested in the
proper way from external circuit terminals. Make sure that the instrument
transformers are isolated from the circuits connected to the test set. The secondary
phase terminals of the current transformers must be short-circuited to neutral
before the circuit is opened if any current can flow on the primary side. The testing
requires a good understanding of the protection functionality of the REB670. A
testing instruction is given for each type of protection function.
Note that CT inputs for the REB670 are designed for a maximum
continuous current of four times rated value.

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13.4.1.2

Operation of the differential protection from CTx input


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
The typical connection between the three-phase current test set and REB670 IEDs
is shown in figure 49.
3-Phcurrent
T estSet
L1

REB 670

AI03

REB 670

RT XP24/Ph-L1
6A
6B
7A
7B

REB 670

X401
5
6
AI03

X401
5

RT XP24/Ph-L2

6B
7B

6
AI03

X401
5
6

L2

L3

RT XP24/Ph-L3

6A
7A
6B
7B

6A
7A

en01000112.vsd
IEC01000112 V1 EN

Figure 49:

Typical test connection for CT3 current input when COMBITEST


RTXP 24 test switch is delivered together with one-phase REB670
IED

Testing will be explained from one general current input CTx (that is x=1, 2,...,
Nmax; where Nmax is equal to the maximum number of used CT inputs). Follow
the following test instructions for all used current inputs in the REB670 IED.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.

Connect the test set for injection of three-phase current (or if not available onephase current) to the current terminals of CTx input of REB670 terminal.
Check and write down the value for the configuration parameter CT Prim
Input x, which should correspond to the rated primary CT current of the main
CT connected to CTx current input.
Check the value for the configuration parameter ZoneSel/CTx. If this value is
Fixed to ZA, Fixed to ZB or Fixed to ZA & - ZB, proceed with next point. (If
this value is CtrlIncludes, energize the binary input CTRLZA to include the
current from this current input into ZA measurement.)
If this value is CtrlExcludes, de-energize the binary input CTRLZA to include
the current from this current input into ZA measurement.
Make sure that the check zone is properly set and enabled, when used.
Increase the current in phase L1 until the correct differential function (that is,
either ZA or ZB) operates and note the incoming and differential currents at
the moment of operation.
Check that trip and alarm contacts operate according to the scheme wiring.

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8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Check that trip information is stored in the event list (if connected).
Switch off the current.
Check that trip reset information is stored in the event list (if connected).
Check in the same way the function by injecting current in phases L2 and L3.
Inject a symmetrical three-phase current and note the operate value (possible
with three-phase test set only).
Connect the timer and set the current to five times the set value for
DiffOperLevel parameter.
Switch on the current and note the operate time.
If the value for the configuration parameter ZoneSel/CTx is CtrlIncludes, deenergize the binary input CTRLZA and now energize the binary input
CTRLZB to include the current from this current input into ZB measurement.
If the value for the configuration parameter ZoneSel/CTx is CtrlExcludes,
energize the binary input CTRLZA and now de-energize binary input CTRLZB
to include the current from this current input into ZB measurement.
Repeat the steps from 4 to 12 for zone ZB
If the value for the configuration parameter ZoneSel/CTx is CtrlIncludes,
energize now both binary inputs CTRLZA and CTRLZB to include the current
from this current input into both measuring zone simultaneously.
If the value for the configuration parameter ZoneSel/CTx is CtrlExcludes, deenergize now both the binary inputs CTRLZA and CTRLZB to include the
current from this current input into both measuring zone simultaneously.
Make sure that the dedicated binary output ACTIVE from the Zone
Interconnection block has the logical value One.
Repeat the steps from 4 to 12.
Note that now both zones shall operate during these tests.

22. Check in the same way that the differential function properly operates for all
used and connected CT inputs.

13.4.1.3

Stability of the busbar differential protection


For stability test one current input shall always be used as a reference input. The
reference current input then shall be tested for stability against all other current
inputs in the IED. It is recommended to use current input CT1 as the reference
current input. The typical connection between the three-phase current test set and
the IED for this type of tests is shown in figure 50.

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3-Ph current
Test Set
L1

I1
REB 670

AI03

REB 670

REB 670

RT XP24/Ph-L1

X401
5

6B
7B

6
AI03

RT XP24/Ph-L2

7B

6B
7B

2B
3B

2
AI01

X401
1

AI01

7A

3A

3B

X401
1

6A

2A

2B

RT XP24/Ph-L3

7A

X401
5

X401
1

I2

6A

AI01

7A
6B

AI03

L3

6A

X401
5
6

L2

2A
3A
2B
3B

2A
3A

en01000113.vsd
IEC01000113 V1 EN

Figure 50:

Typical test connection for CT3 and CT1 current input phase L1
when COMBITEST RTXP 24 test switch is delivered together with
the one-phase IED

The connections are shown for phase L1 only. Similar connection shall be used for
testing phase L2 and L3 also.
Testing will be explained for one general current input CTx (that is x=2,
3,...,Nmax; where Nmax is equal to the maximum number of used CT inputs).
Follow the following test instructions to perform this type of test.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

Connect the currents I1 and I2 from the three-phase test set to the current
terminals of CT1 and CTx inputs of the IED as shown in figure 50.
Make sure that current measurement from CT1 and CTx inputs are included
into the same differential zone (see previous test instruction for more details).
Set the current I2 (that is, current connected to reference current input CT1)
to the nominal value of 1A (or to 5A if CT1 is connected to a main CT with
5A secondary rating) at 0.
Set the current I1 (that is, connected to current input CTx) to the value
calculated by the following formula:

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Figure 51:

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

I1 = IXr (CT Prim Input1/CT Prim Inputx)

where:
IXr

is rated secondary current of the current input CTx (that is, normally 1A or 5A)

CT Prim Input1 is the rated primary CT current of the main CT connected to CT1 current input
CT Prim Inputx

5.

6.
7.
8.

13.4.1.4

is the rated primary CT current of the main CT connected to CTx current input

Set the phase angle of current I1 to 180 if both current inputs (that is, CT1
and CTx) has the same sign for entered configuration parameters CT Prim
Input1 and CT Prim Input3 (that is, both positive or both negative). Otherwise
set the phase angle of current I1 to 0.
Inject these two currents into the IED. Differential function shall be stable.
Write down the service values for incoming and differential currents for
phase L1. Differential current should be very small.
Switch off the currents.
Repeat the same test procedure for phases L2 and L3.

Operation of fast open CT detection algorithm


For open CT test two current inputs shall always be used. The typical connection
between the three-phase current test set and the IED for this type of tests is shown
in figure 50.
The connections are shown for phase L1 only. Similar connection shall be used for
testing phase L2 and L3 also.
Follow the following test instructions to perform this type of test.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

Connect the currents I1 and I2 from the three-phase test set test set to the
current terminals of CT1 and CT3 inputs of the IED as shown in figure 50.
Make sure that current measurement from CT1 and CT3 inputs are included
into the same differential zone (see previous test instructions for more details).
Set the current I2 (that is, current connected to input CT1) to the nominal
value of 1A (or to 5A if CT1 is connected to a main CT with 5A secondary
rating) at zero degree.
Set the current I1 (that is, connected to current input CT3) to the value
calculated by the following formula:
Figure 52:

I1= I3r (CT Prim Input1/CT Prim Input3)

where:
I3r

is rated secondary current of the current input CT3 (that is, normally 1A or 5A)

CT Prim Input1 is the rated primary CT current of the main CT connected to CT1 current input
CT Prim Input3 is the rated primary CT current of the main CT connected to CT3 current input

5.

Check that the value of the product I1 CT Prim Input3 is bigger than the
value of the product 1.1 Open CT Level (this is just a check to see that

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6.

7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

13.4.1.5

enough current will be disconnected later during testing in order for open CT
algorithm to operate).
Set the phase angle of current I1 to 180 degrees if both current inputs (that is,
CT1 and CT3) have the same sign for entered configuration parameters CT
Prim Input1 and CT Prim Input3 (that is, both positive or both negative).
Otherwise set the phase angle of current I1 to 0.
Inject these two currents into the IED for approximately 5s. Differential
function shall be stable. Write down the service values for incoming and
differential currents for phase L1. Differential current should be very small.
Then switch off the current I2 only (that is, set its magnitude back to 0A).
Open CT condition shall be detected by the IED. The differential function
will be blocked.
Check that open CT alarm contacts operate accordingly to the scheme wiring.
Check that open CT information is stored in the event list (if connected).
Switch off the currents.
Reset the open CT blocking in the reset menu of the local HMI.
Check that open CT reset information is stored in the event list (if connected).
Repeat the same test procedure for phases L2 and L3.

Operation of slow open CT detection algorithm


For open CT test two current inputs shall be always used. The typical connection
between the three-phase current test set and the IED for this type of tests is shown
in figure 50.
The connections are shown for phase L1 only. Similar connection shall be used for
testing phase L2 and L3 also.
Follow the following test instructions to perform this type of test.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

Connect the currents I1 and I2 from the three-phase test set to the current
terminals of CT1 and CT3 inputs of the IED as shown in figure 50.
Make sure that current measurement from CT1 and CT3 inputs are included
into the same differential zone (see previous test instructions for more details).
Set the current I2 (that is, current connected to current input CT1) to the
nominal value of 1A (or to 5A if CT1 is connected to a main CT with 5A
secondary rating) at zero degree.
Set the current I1 (that is, connected to current input CT3) to the value
calculated by the following formula:
Figure 53:

I1= 0.85 I3r (CT Prim Input1/CT Prim Input3)

where:
I3r

is rated secondary current of the current input CT3 (that is, normally 1A or 5A)

CT Prim Input1 is the rated primary CT current of the main CT connected to CT1 current input
CT Prim Input3 is the rated primary CT current of the main CT connected to CT3 current input

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5.
6.

7.

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

13.4.1.6

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Check that the value of the product 0.15 I1 CT Prim Input1 is bigger than
the pre-set value of OCTOperLev. If it is not, increase current into CT1 input
until this condition is satisfied and change current into input CT3 accordingly.
Set the phase angle of current I1 to 180 if both current inputs (that is, CT1
and CT3) have the same sign for entered configuration parameters CT Prim
Input1 and CT Prim Input3 (that is, both positive or both negative). Otherwise
set the phase angle of current I1 to 0.
Inject these two currents into the IED. Differential function shall be stable.
Write down the service values for incoming and differential currents for
phase L1. Differential current should be approximately 15% of the incoming
current.
After pre-set time determined by parameter tSlow OCT, open CT condition
shall be detected by the IED. The differential function will be blocked.
Check that open CT alarm contacts operate accordingly to the scheme wiring.
Check that open CT information is stored in the event list (if connected).
Switch off the currents.
Reset the open CT blocking in the reset menu of the local HMI.
Check that open CT reset information is stored in the event list.
Repeat the same test procedure for phases L2 and L3.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.4.1.7

Check of trip circuits and circuit breakers


The trip circuits are tested as part of the secondary/primary injection test.
Check that the circuit breakers associated with the IED protection scheme operate
when the tripping IEDs are activated. The trip IEDs are conveniently activated by
secondary injection to activate a suitable protection function.

13.5

Current protection

13.5.1

Four step phase overcurrent protection OC4PTOC


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
When inverse time overcurrent characteristic is selected, the
operate time of the stage will be the sum of the inverse time delay
and the set definite time delay. Thus, if only the inverse time delay

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is required, it is of utmost importance to set the definite time delay


for that stage to zero.

13.5.1.1

Verifying the settings


1.

Connect the test set for appropriate current injection to the appropriate IED
phases.
If there is any configuration logic that is used to enable or block any of the
four available overcurrent steps, make sure that the step under test is enabled,
for example end fault protection.
If 1 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: Connect the injection current to
phases L1 and neutral.
If 2 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: Connect the injection current
into phase L1 and out from phase L2.
If 3 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: Connect the symmetrical threephase injection current into phases L1, L2 and L3.
2. Connect the test set for the appropriate three-phase voltage injection to the
IED phases L1, L2 and L3. The protection shall be fed with a symmetrical threephase voltage.
3. Set the injected polarizing voltage slightly larger than the set minimum
polarizing voltage (default is 5% of UBase) and set the injection current to lag
the appropriate voltage by an angle of about 80 if forward directional
function is selected.
If 1 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: The voltage angle of phase L1 is
the reference.
If 2 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: The voltage angle of phase L1
the voltage angle of L2 is the reference.
If 3 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: The voltage angle of phase L1 is
the reference.
If reverse directional function is selected, set the injection current to lag the
polarizing voltage by an angle equal to 260 (equal to 80 + 180).
4. Increase the injected current and note the operated value of the tested step of
the function.
5. Decrease the current slowly and note the reset value.
6. If the test has been performed by injection of current in phase L1, repeat the
test when injecting current into phases L2 and L3 with polarizing voltage
connected to phases L2 respectively L3 (1 out of 3 currents for operation).
7. If the test has been performed by injection of current in phases L1 L2,
repeat the test when injecting current into phases L2 L3 and L3 L1 with
appropriate phase angle of injected currents.
8. Block higher set stages when testing lower set stages according to below.
9. Connect a trip output contact to a timer.
10. Set the injected current to 200% of the operate level of the tested stage,
switch on the current and check the time delay.

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Section 13
Verifying settings by secondary injection

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

For inverse time curves, check the operate time at a current equal to 110% of
the operate current for txMin.
Check that all trip and start contacts operate according to the configuration
(signal matrixes)
Reverse the direction of the injected current and check that the protection
does not operate.
If 2 out of 3 or 3 out of 3 currents for operation is chosen: Check that the
function will not operate with current in one phase only.
Repeat the above described tests for the higher set stages.
Finally check that start and trip information is stored in the event menu.
Check of the non-directional phase overcurrent function. This
is done in principle as instructed above, without applying any
polarizing voltage.

13.5.1.2

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.2

Four step single phase overcurrent protection PH4SPTOC


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
Directional phase overcurrent current function

13.5.2.1

Verifying the settings


Procedure
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Connect the test set for appropriate current injection to the appropriate IED
terminals.
If there is any configuration logic, which is used to enable or block any of 4
available overcurrent steps, make sure that step under test is enabled (that is,
end fault protection).
Increase the injected current and note the operated value of the studied step of
the function.
Decrease the current slowly and note the reset value.
Block higher set stages when testing lower set stages according to below.
Connect a trip output contact to a timer.
Set the injected current to 200% of the operate level of the tested stage,
switch on the current and check the time delay.
For inverse time curves, check the operate time at a current equal to 110% of
the operate current for tmin.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

7.
8.
9.

13.5.2.2

Check that all trip and start contacts operate according to the configuration
(signal matrixes)
Repeat the above described tests for the higher set stages.
Finally check that start and trip information is stored in the event menu.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.3

Thermal overload protection, two time constants TRPTTR


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.5.3.1

Checking operate and reset values


1.
2.
3.

Connect symmetrical three-phase currents to the appropriate current terminals


of the IED.
Set the Time constant 1 (Tau1) and Time Constant 2 (Tau2) temporarily to 1
minute.
Set the three-phase injection currents slightly lower than the set operate value
of stage IBase1, increase the current in phase L1 until stage IBase1 operates
and note the operate value.
Observe the maximum permitted overloading of the current
circuits in the IED.

4.

Decrease the current slowly and note the reset value.


Check in the same way as the operate and reset values of IBase1 for phases
L2 and L3.
5. Activate the digital input for cooling input signal to switch over to base
current IBase2.
6. Check for all three phases the operate and reset values for IBase2 in the same
way as described above for stage IBase1
7. Deactivate the digital input signal for stage IBase2.
8. Set the time constant for IBase1 in accordance with the setting plan.
9. Set the injection current for phase L1 to 1.50 IBase1.
10. Connect a trip output contact to the timer and monitor the output of contacts
ALARM1 and ALARM2 to digital inputs in test equipment.
Read the heat content in the thermal protection from the local HMI and wait
until the content is zero.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

11. Switch on the injection current and check that ALARM1 and ALARM2
contacts operate at the set percentage level and that the operate time for
tripping is in accordance with the set Time Constant 1 (Tau1).
With setting Itr = 101%IBase1 and injection current 1.50 IBase1, the trip
time from zero content in the memory shall be 0.60 Time Constant 1 (Tau1).
12. Check that all trip and alarm contacts operate according to the configuration
logic.
13. Switch off the injection current and check from the service menu readings of
thermal status and LOCKOUT that the lockout resets at the set percentage of
heat content.
14. Activate the digital input for cooling input signal to switch over to base
current IBase2.
Wait 5 minutes to empty the thermal memory and set Time Constant 2 (Tau2)
in accordance with the setting plan.
15. Test with injection current 1.50 IBase2 the thermal alarm level, the operate
time for tripping and the lockout reset in the same way as described for stage
IBase1.
16. Finally check that start and trip information is stored in the event menu.

13.5.3.2

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.4

Breaker failure protection CCRBRF


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
The Breaker failure protection function CCRBRF should normally be tested in
conjunction with some other function that provides a start signal. An external
START signal can also be used.
To verify the settings in the most common back-up trip mode 1 out of 3, it is
sufficient to test phase-to-earth faults.
At mode 2 out of 4 the phase current setting, IP> can be checked by single-phase
injection where the return current is connected to the summated current input. The
value of residual (earth fault) current IN set lower than IP> is easiest checked in backup trip mode 1 out of 4.

13.5.4.1

Checking the phase current operate value, IP>


The check of the IP> current level is best made in FunctionMode = Current and
BuTripMode = 1 out of 3 or 2 out of 4.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1.
2.
3.
4.

Apply the fault condition, including START of CCRBRF, with a current


below set IP>.
Repeat the fault condition and increase the current in steps until a trip occurs.
Compare the result with the set IP>.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.
Note! If NoI>check or Retrip off is set, only back-up trip can
be used to check set IP>.

13.5.4.2

Checking the residual (earth fault) current operate value IN> set
below IP>
Check the low set IN> current where setting FunctionMode = Current and setting
BuTripMode = 1 out of 4
1.
2.
3.
4.

13.5.4.3

Apply the fault condition, including START of CCRBRF, with a current just
below set IN>Pickup_N.
Repeat the fault condition and increase the current in steps until trip appears.
Compare the result with the set IN>.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Checking the re-trip and back-up times


The check of the set times can be made in connection with the check of operate
values above.
Choose the applicable function and trip mode, such as FunctionMode = Current
and RetripMode = I> check.
1.
2.

3.

13.5.4.4

Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, well above the set
current value. Measure time from START of CCRBRF.
Check the re-trip t1 and back-up trip times t2 and t3.
In applicable cases, the back-up trip for multi-phase start t2MPh and back-up
trip 2, t2 and t3 can also be checked. To check t2MPh, a two-phase or threephase start shall be applied.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Verifying the re-trip mode


Choose the mode below, which corresponds to the actual case.
In the cases below it is assumed that FunctionMode = Current is selected.

Checking the case without re-trip, RetripMode = Retrip Off

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1.
2.
3.
4.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Set RetripMode = Retrip Off.


Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, well above the set
current value.
Verify that no re-trip, but back-up trip is achieved after set time.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Checking the re-trip with current check, RetripMode = CB Pos Check


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Set RetripMode = CB Pos Check.


Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, well above the set
current value.
Verify that re-trip is achieved after set time t1 and back-up trip after time t2
Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with current below set
current value.
Verify that no re-trip, and no back-up trip is obtained.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Checking re-trip without current check, RetripMode = No CBPos Check


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

13.5.4.5

Set RetripMode = No CBPos Check.


Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, well above the set
current value.
Verify that re-trip is achieved after set time t1, and back-up trip after time t2.
Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with current below set
current value.
Verify that re-trip is achieved after set time t1, but no back-up trip is obtained.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Verifying the back-up trip mode


In the cases below it is assumed that FunctionMode = Current is selected.

Checking that back-up tripping is not achieved at normal CB tripping

Use the actual tripping modes. The case below applies to re-trip with current check.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with phase current
well above set value IP.
Arrange switching the current off, with a margin before back-up trip time, t2.
It may be made at issue of re-trip command.
Check that re-trip is achieved, if selected, but no back-up trip.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

The normal mode BuTripMode = 1 out of 3 should have been verified in the tests
above. In applicable cases the modes 1 out of 4 and 2 out of 4 can be checked.
Choose the mode below, which corresponds to the actual case.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Checking the case BuTripMode = 1 out of 4

It is assumed that the earth-fault current setting IN> is below phase current setting
IP>.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Set BuTripMode = 1 out of 4.


Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with one-phase current
below set IP> but above IN>. The residual earth-fault should then be above
set IN>.
Verify that back-up trip is achieved after set time. If selected, re-trip should
also appear.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Checking the case BuTripMode = 2 out of 4

The earth-fault current setting IN> may be equal to or below phase-current setting
IP>.

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
6.

13.5.4.6

Set BuTripMode = 2 out of 4.


Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with one-phase current
above set IP> and residual (earth fault) above set IN>. It can be obtained by
applying a single-phase current.
Verify that back-up trip is achieved after set time. If selected, re-trip should
also appear.
Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with at least one-phase
current below set IP> and residual (earth fault) above set IN>. The current
may be arranged by feeding three- (or two-) phase currents with equal phase
angle (I0-component) below IP>, but of such value that the residual (earth
fault) current (3I0) will be above set value IN>.
Verify that back-up trip is not achieved.
Disconnect AC and START input signals.

Verifying instantaneous back-up trip at CB faulty condition


Applies in a case where a signal from CB supervision function regarding CB being
faulty and unable to trip is connected to input CBFLT.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Repeat the check of back-up trip time. Disconnect current and START input
signals.
Activate the input CBFLT. The output CBALARM (CB faulty alarm) should
appear after set time tCBAlarm. Keep the input activated.
Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with current above set
current value.
Verify that back-up trip is obtained without intentional delay, for example
within 20ms from application of start.
Disconnect injected AC and STARTinput signals.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection
13.5.4.7

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Verifying the case RetripMode = Contact


It is assumed that re-trip without current check is selected, RetripMode = Contact.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

13.5.4.8

Set FunctionMode = Contact


Apply input signal for CB closed to relevant input or inputs CBCLDL1 (2 or 3)
Apply input signal, or signals for start of CCRBRF. The value of current
could be low.
Verify that phase-selection re-trip and back-up trip are achieved after set times.
Disconnect the start signal(s). Keep the CB closed signal(s).
Apply input signal(s), for start of CCRBRF. The value of current could be low.
Arrange disconnection of CB closed signal(s) well before set back-up trip
time t2.
Verify that back-up trip is not achieved.
Disconnect injected AC and START input signals.

Verifying the function mode Current&Contact


To be made only when FunctionMode = Current&Contact is selected. It is
suggested to make the tests in one phase only, or at three-phase trip applications for
just three-phase tripping.

Checking the case with fault current above set value IP>

The operation shall be as in FunctionMode = Current.


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Set FunctionMode = Current&Contact.


Leave the inputs for CB close inactivated. These signals should not influence.
Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with current above the
set IP> value.
Check that the re-trip, if selected, and back-up trip commands are achieved.
Disconnect injected AC and START input signals.

Checking the case with fault current below set value I>BlkCont

The case shall simulate a case where the fault current is very low and operation
will depend on CB position signal from CB auxiliary contact. It is suggested that retrip without current check is used, setting RetripMode = No CBPos Check.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Set FunctionMode = Current&Contact.


Apply input signal for CB closed to relevant input or inputs CBCLDL1 (2 or 3)
Apply the fault condition with input signal(s) for start of CCRBRF. The value
of current should be below the set value I>BlkCont
Verify that phase selection re-trip (if selected) and back-up trip are achieved
after set times. Failure to trip is simulated by keeping the signal(s) CB closed
activated.
Disconnect the AC and the START signal(s). Keep the CB closed signal(s).
Apply the fault and the start again. The value of current should be below the
set value I>BlkCont.

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1MRK 505 210-UEN C

7.
8.
9.

13.5.4.9

Arrange disconnection of BC closed signal(s) well before set back-up trip


time t2. It simulates a correct CB tripping.
Verify that back-up trip is not achieved. Re-trip can appear for example, due
to selection Re-trip without current check.
Disconnect injected AC and START input signals.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.5

Breaker failure protection, single phase version CCSRBRF


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
The breaker failure protection, single phase version function CCSRBRF should
normally be tested in conjunction with some other function that provides a START
signal. An external START signal can also be used.
CCSRBRF has to be set and configured before the testing can start. CCSRBRF is
highly flexible in that it permits a choice of functional and tripping modes. The
various modes are checked at the factory as part of the design verification. In
certain cases only modes with a high probability of coming into operation need to
be checked, in order to verify the configuration and settings.
Testing requirements

Calculated settings
Valid configuration diagram for the IED
Valid terminal diagram for the IED
Technical reference manual
Single phase test equipment

The technical reference manual contains application and functionality summaries,


function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, a list of setting
parameters and technical data for the function.
The test equipment should be able to provide a single phase supply of currents. The
magnitude of currents should be possible to vary.
Make sure the IED is prepared for test before starting the test session. Consider the
logic diagram of the function when performing the test. The response from a test
can be viewed in different ways:

Binary output signals


Service values in the local HMI (logical signal or phasors)
A PC with PCM600 (configuration software) in debug mode
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Section 13
Verifying settings by secondary injection
13.5.5.1

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Checking the phase current operate value IP>


Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, with a current


below set IP>.
Repeat the fault condition and increase the current in steps until a trip occurs.
Compare the result with the set IP>.
Disconnect AC and start the input signals.
Note! If No I> check or Retrip off is set, only back-up trip
can be used to check set IP>.

13.5.5.2

Checking the re-trip and back-up times


The check of the set times can be made in connection with the check of operate
values above. Choose the applicable function and trip mode, such as FunctMode =
Current and RetripMode = I> check.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.

13.5.5.3

Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, well above the set
current value. Measure time from Start of CCSRBRF.
Check the re-trip t1 and back-up trip times t2 and t3
Disconnect AC and start input signals.

Verifying the re-trip mode


Choose the mode below, which corresponds to the actual case. In the cases below it
is assumed that FunctionMode = Current is selected.

Checking the case without re-trip, RetripMode = Off


Procedure

1.
2.
3.
4.

Set RetripMode = Off.


Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, well above the set
current value.
Verify that no re-trip, but back-up trip is achieved after set time.
Disconnect AC and start input signals.

Checking the re-trip with current check, RetripMode = I>


Procedure

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Set RetripMode = I>.


Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, well above the set
current value.
Verify that retrip is achieved after set time t1 and back-up trip after time t2
Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, with current
below set current value.
Verify that no re-trip, and no back-up trip is obtained.
Disconnect AC and start input signals.

Checking re-trip without current check, RetripMode = No CB Pos Check

Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

13.5.5.4

Set RetripMode = No CB Pos Check.


Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, well above the set
current value.
Verify that re-trip is achieved after set time t1, and back-up trip after time t2.
Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, with current
below set current value.
Verify that re-trip is achieved after set timet1, but no back-up trip is obtained.
Disconnect AC and start input signals.

Verifying the back-up trip mode


In the cases below it is assumed that FunctionMode = Current is selected.

Checking that back-up tripping is not achieved at normal CB tripping

Use the actual tripping modes. The case below applies to re-trip with current check.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

13.5.5.5

Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, with phase


current well above set value IP.
Arrange switching the current off, with a margin before back-up trip time, t2.
It may be made at issue of re-trip command.
Check that re-trip is achieved, if selected, but no back-up trip.
Disconnect AC and start input signals.

Verifying instantaneous back-up trip at CB faulty condition


Applies in a case where signal CB faulty and unable to trip is connected to input
CBFLT.
Procedure

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

13.5.5.6

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Repeat the check of back-up trip time. Disconnect current and START input
signals.
Activate the input CBFLT. The output CBALARM (CB faulty alarm) should
appear after set time tCBAlarm. Keep the input activated.
Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, with current
above set current value.
Verify that back-up trip is obtained without intentional delay, for example,
within 20ms from application of START.
Disconnect injected AC and input signals.

Verifying the case FunctionMode = Contact


It is assumed that re-trip without current check is selected, RetripMode = No I>.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

13.5.5.7

Set FunctionMode = Contact.


Apply input signal for CB closed to relevant input or inputs CBCLD
Apply input signal, or signals for START of CCSRBRF. The value of current
could be low.
Verify that re-trip and back-up trip are achieved after set times.
Disconnect the START signal(s). Keep the CB closed signal(s).
Apply input signal(s), for START of CCSRBRF. The value of current could
be low.
Arrange disconnection of CB closed signal(s) well before set back-up trip
time t2.
Verify that back-up trip is not achieved.
Disconnect injected AC and START input signals.

Verifying the function mode Curr&Cont Check


To be made only when FunctionMode = Current&Contact is selected. It is
suggested to make the tests in one phase only, or at three-phase trip applications for
just three-phase tripping.

Checking the case with fault current above set value


The operation shall be as in FunctionMode = Current.
Set
RetripMode = CB Pos Check.
Procedure

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Set FunctionMode = Curr&Cont Check.


Leave the inputs for CB close inactivated. These This signals should not
influence.
Apply the fault condition, including START of CCSRBRF, with current
above the set IP> value.
Check that the re-trip, if selected, and back-up trip commands are achieved.
Disconnect injected AC and START input signals.

Checking the case with fault current below set value

The case shall simulate a case where the fault current is very low and operation
will depend on CB position signal from CB auxiliary contact. It is suggested that retrip without current check is used; setting RetripMode = No CB Pos Check.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

13.5.5.8

Set FunctionMode = Current&Contact.


Apply input signal for CB closed to relevant input or inputs CBCLD
Apply the fault condition with input signal(s) for START of CCSRBRF. The
value of current should be below the set value I>BlkCont
Verify that re-trip (if selected) and back-up trip are achieved after set times.
Failure to trip is simulated by keeping the signal(s) CB closed activated.
Disconnect the AC and the START signal(s). Keep the CB closed signal(s).
Apply the fault and the START again. The value of current should be below
the set value I>BlkCont
Arrange disconnection of BC closed signal(s) well before set back-up trip
time t2. It simulates a correct CB tripping.
Verify that back-up trip is not achieved. Re-trip can appear, for example, due
to selection RetripMode = No CB Pos Check.
Disconnect injected AC and START input signals.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.6

Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.5.6.1

Verifying the settings


The underpower protection shall be set to values according to the real set values to
be used.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

The test is made by means of injection of voltage and current where the amplitude
of both current and voltage and the phase angle between the voltage and current
can be controlled. During the test, the analog outputs of active and reactive power
shall be monitored.
1.

Connect the test set for injection of voltage and current corresponding to the
mode to be used in the application. If a three-phase test set is available this
could be used for all the modes. If a single-phase current/voltage test set is
available the test set should be connected to a selected input for one-phase
current and voltage.
Table 18:
Set value: Mode
L1, L2, L3

Calculation modes
Formula used for complex power calculation

S = U L1 I L1* + U L 2 I L 2* + U L 3 I L 3*
(Equation 4)

EQUATION1697 V1 EN

Arone

S = U L1L 2 I L1* - U L 2 L 3 I L 3*
(Equation 5)

EQUATION1698 V1 EN

PosSeq

S = 3 U PosSeq I PosSeq *
(Equation 6)

EQUATION1699 V1 EN

L1L2

S = U L1L 2 ( I L1* - I L 2* )
(Equation 7)

EQUATION1700 V1 EN

L2L3

S = U L 2 L 3 ( I L 2* - I L 3* )
(Equation 8)

EQUATION1701 V1 EN

L3L1

S = U L 3 L1 ( I L 3* - I L1* )
EQUATION1702 V1 EN

L1

S = 3 U L1 I L1*
EQUATION1703 V1 EN

L2

(Equation 11)

S = 3 U L 3 I L 3*
EQUATION1705 V1 EN

2.

(Equation 10)

S = 3 U L 2 I L 2*
EQUATION1704 V1 EN

L3

(Equation 9)

(Equation 12)

Adjust the injected current and voltage to the set values in % of IBase and
UBase (converted to secondary current and voltage). The angle between the
injected current and voltage shall be set equal to the set direction Angle1,

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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

13.5.6.2

angle for stage 1 (equal to 0 for low forward power protection and equal to
180 for reverse power protection). Check that the monitored active power is
equal to 100% of rated power and that the reactive power is equal to 0% of
rated power.
Change the angle between the injected current and voltage to Angle1 + 90.
Check that the monitored active power is equal to 0% of rated power and that
the reactive power is equal to 100% of rated power.
Change the angle between the injected current and voltage back to 0.
Decrease the current slowly until the START1 signal, start of stage 1, is
activated.
Increase the current to 100% of IBase.
Switch the current off and measure the time for activation of TRIP1, trip of
stage 1.
If a second stage is used, repeat steps 2 to 6 for the second stage.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.7

Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.5.7.1

Verifying the settings


The overpower protection shall be set to values according to the real set values to
be used. The test is made by means of injection of voltage and current where the
amplitude of both current and voltage and the phase angle between the voltage and
current can be controlled. During the test the analog outputs of active and reactive
power shall be monitored.
1.

2.

Connect the test set for injection of voltage and current corresponding to the
mode to be used in the application. If a three phase test set is available this
could be used for all the modes. If a single phase current/voltage test set is
available the test set should be connected to a selected input for one phase
current and voltage.
Adjust the injected current and voltage to the set rated values in % of IBase
and UBase (converted to secondary current and voltage). The angle between
the injected current and voltage shall be set equal to the set direction Angle1,
angle for stage 1 (equal to 0 for low forward power protection and equal to
180 for reverse power protection). Check that the monitored active power is

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

3.
4.

5.
6.
7.

13.5.7.2

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

equal to 100% of rated power and that the reactive power is equal to 0% of
rated power.
Change the angle between the injected current and voltage to Angle1 + 90.
Check that the monitored active power is equal to 0% of rated power and that
the reactive power is equal to 100% of rated power.
Change the angle between the injected current and voltage back to Angle1
value. Increase the current slowly from 0 until the START1 signal, start of
stage 1, is activated. Check the injected power and compare it to the set value
Power1, power setting for stage 1 in % of Sbase.
Increase the current to 100% of IBase and switch the current off.
Switch the current on and measure the time for activation of TRIP1, trip of
stage 1.
If a second stage is used, repeat steps 2 to 6 for the second stage.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.5.8

Capacitor bank protection CBPGAPC


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Preparing for
test" in this chapter.
In this section it is shown how to test the capacitor bank protection function
CBPGAPC for application on a 50Hz, 200MVAr, 400kV SCB with 500/1A ratio CT.
Note that such SCB is shown in the application manual for this
function. The same procedure can be used to test SCB with some
other rating and different CT ratio.
As calculated in the application manual the base current for this particular SCB
will be 289A on the primary side and 0.578A on the CT secondary side. Before any
testing is commenced make sure that setting IBase for this function is set to 289A
(that is, setting for the base current corresponds to the rated current of the protected
SCB). It will be also assumed that all other settings have values as shown in the
setting example in the application manual for this SCB.
Test equipment
Connect the secondary test set to the CT inputs on the IED dedicated for the SCB
currents. Single- or three-phase test equipment can be used but it may be required
to have facility to vary the frequency of the injected current signal(s).

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13.5.8.1

Verifying the settings and operation of the function


Reconnection inhibit feature
1.
2.
3.
4.

Inject SCB rated current (that is, 0.587A at 50Hz for this SCB) in at least one
phase (preferably perform this test with three phase injection).
After couple of seconds stop injection of all currents (that is, set all currents
back to 0A).
Check that function binary output signal RECNINH is set to one and that only
resets after the set time under parameter tReconnInhibit for example 300s for
this SCB) has expired.
If this binary signal is used to prevent CB closing make sure that it is properly
connected/wired into the CB closing circuit.

Overcurrent feature
Note that during testing the overcurrent feature the harmonic
voltage overload feature or reactive power overload feature may
also give start and trip signals depending on their actual settings.
Therefore it is best to switch them off during this test.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Inject current 20% bigger than the set overcurrent pickup level under setting
parameter IOC> (for example, 1.2 1.35 0.587A = 0951A at 50Hz for this
SCB) in phase L1 only.
Check that function binary output signals STOCL1 and STOC are set to one.
Check that function binary output signals TROC and TRIP are set to one after
the set time under parameter tOC (that is, 30s for this SCB) has expired.
If any of these signals are used for tripping, signaling and/or local/remote
indication check that all relevant contacts and LEDs have operated and that
all relevant GOOSE messages have been sent.
Check that service value from the function for current in phase L1, on the
local HMI under Main menu/Test is approximately 476A (that is, 0.951A
(500/1) = 476A).
Stop injection of all currents (that is, set all currents back to 0A).
Check that all above mentioned function binary output signals now have
logical value zero.
Repeat above steps 1-7 for phase L2and phase L3.
Note that the operation of this feature is based on current peak
value. That means that this overcurrent function is also able to
operate for the same current magnitude but for different injected
frequencies. If required repeat this injection procedure for example
for the 3rd harmonic by just simply injecting 3 50 = 150Hz
currents with the same magnitude. Obtain results shall be the same.

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1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Undercurrent feature
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Inject SCB rated current (that is, 0.587A at 50Hz for this SCB) in all three
phases.
Lower phase L1 current 10% under the set value for setting parameter IUC<
(that is, 0.9 0.7 0.587A = 0.370A at 50Hz for this SCB).
Check that function binary output signals STUCL1 and STUC are set to one.
Check that function binary output signals TRUC and TRIP are set to one after
the set time under parameter tUC (for example, 5s for this SCB) has expired.
If any of these signals are used for tripping, signaling and/or local/remote
indication check that all relevant contacts and LEDs have operated and that
all relevant GOOSE messages have been sent.
Check that service value from the function for current in phase L1, on the
local HMI under Main menu/Test is approximately 185A (that is, 0.370A
(500/1) = 185A).
Stop injection of all currents (that is, set all currents back to 0A).
Check that all above mentioned function binary output signals now have
logical value zero because they will be automatically blocked by operation of
built-in reconnection inhibit feature.
Repeat above steps 1-8 for phase L2 and phase L3.

Reactive power overload feature


Note that during testing the reactive power overload feature the
harmonic voltage overload feature or overcurrent feature may also
give start and trip signals depending on their actual settings.
Therefore it is best to switch them off during this test.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Inject current equal to the set reactive power overload pickup level under
setting parameter QOL> (that is, 1.3 0.587A = 0.763A at 50Hz for this
SCB) in phase L1 only.
Check that function binary output signals STQOLL1 and STQOL are set to one.
Check that function binary output signals TRQOL and TRIP are set to one
after the set time under parameter tQOL (for example, 60s for this SCB) has
expired.
If any of these signals are used for tripping, signaling and/or local/remote
indication check that all relevant contacts and LEDs have operated and that
all relevant GOOSE messages have been sent.
Check that service value from the function for current in phase L1, on the
local HMI under Main menu/Test is approximately 382A (that is, 0.763A
(500/1) = 382A).
Check that service value from the function for reactive power in phase L1, on
the local HMI under Main menu/Test is approximately 169% (that is, 1.3
1.3 = 1,69pu = 169%).

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7.
8.
9.

Stop injection of all currents (that is, set all currents back to 0A).
Check that all above mentioned function binary output signals now have
logical value zero.
Repeat above steps 1 - 8 for phase L2 and phase L3.
Note that operation of this feature is based on injected current and
internally calculated true RMS values. That means that this feature
is also able to operate for current signals with varying frequency.
However due to relatively complex calculation procedure it is
recommended to do secondary tests only with fundamental
frequency current signals.

The following formula can be used to calculate SCB reactive power in per-unit
system when current with different frequency from the rated frequency is injected.

Q [ pu ] =

f rated
f injected

[ pu ]
(Equation 13)

EQUATION2273 V1 EN

Harmonic voltage overload feature


Note that during testing the harmonic voltage overload feature the
reactive power overload feature or overcurrent feature may also
give start and trip signals depending on their actual settings.
Therefore it is best to switch them off during this test.
Procedure to test inverse time delayed step:
The following points on the inverse curve are defined per relevant IEC/ANSI
standards for time multiplier value set to kHOLIDMT=1.0
UpeakRMS [pu]

1.15

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.7

2.0

2.2

Time [s]

1800

300

60

15

0.3

0.12

Note that operation of this feature is based on internally calculated


voltage peak RMS value. That means that this feature is also able to
operate for current signals with varying frequency.
Here will be shown how to test the fourth point from the above table. Other points
can be tested in the similar way:

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1.

Inject 140% of the base current (that is, 1.4 0.587A = 0.822A at 50Hz for
this SCB) in phase L1only.
2. Check that function binary output signals STHIDML1 and STHOL are set to
one.
3. Check that function binary output signals TRHOL and TRIP are set to one
after the expected time (for example, 15s for this voltage level in accordance
with the above table) has expired.
4. If any of these signals are used for tripping, signaling and/or local/remote
indication, check that all relevant contacts and LEDs have operated and that
all relevant GOOSE messages have been sent.
5. Check that service value for current in phase L1, on the local HMI under
Main menu/Test is approximately 411A (that is, 0.822A (500/1) = 411A).
6. Check that service value for voltage across SCB in phase L1, on the local
HMI under Main menu/Test is approximately 140%.
7. Stop injection of all currents (that is, set all currents back to 0A).
8. Check that all above mentioned function binary output signals now have
logical value zero.
9. Repeat above steps 1 - 8 for phase L2 and phase L3.
10. Repeat above steps 1 - 8 to test different points from the above table.
Operation of this feature is based on internally calculated peak RMS voltage value.
That means that this feature is also able to operate for current signals with varying
frequency. Note that for the fundamental frequency injection, internally calculated
voltage in percent corresponds directly to the injected current value given in
percent. However if it is required to test IDMT characteristic with a varying
frequency, the magnitude of the injected current must be adjusted accordingly. The
following formula can be used to calculate required current RMS value in percent
at the desired injection frequency in order to archive voltage percentage value
given in the above table:

I inj [ % ] =

finjected
f rated

[%]
(Equation 14)

EQUATION2274 V1 EN

Note that it is recommended to test IDMT operating times by


injected current with the rated frequency.
Above procedure can also be used to test definite time step. Pay attention that
IDMT step can also operate during such injection. Therefore make sure that
appropriate settings are entered in order to insure correct test results for definite
time step.

13.5.8.2

Completing the test


Continue to test another functions or end the test by changing the Test mode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were

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changed for testing purposes. Make sure that all built-in features for this function,
which shall be in operation, are enabled and with correct settings.

13.6

Voltage protection

13.6.1

Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.6.1.1

Verifying the settings


Verification of START value and time delay to operate for Step1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Check that the IED settings are appropriate, especially the START value, the
definite time delay and the 1 out of 3 operation mode.
Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at their rated values.
Slowly decrease the voltage in one of the phases, until the START signal
appears.
Note the operate value and compare it with the set value.
Increase the measured voltage to rated load conditions.
Check that the START signal resets.
Instantaneously decrease the voltage in one phase to a value about 20% lower
than the measured operate value.
Measure the time delay for the TRIP signal, and compare it with the set value.

Extended testing
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

13.6.1.2

The test above can now be repeated for step 2.


The tests above can be repeated for 2 out of 3 and for 3 out of 3 operation mode.
The tests above can be repeated to check security, that is, the START and
operate signals, that are not supposed to appear, - do not.
The tests above can be repeated to check the time to reset.
The tests above can be repeated to test the inverse time characteristic.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

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13.6.2

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.6.2.1

Verifying the settings


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

13.6.2.2

Apply single-phase voltage below the set value U1>.


Slowly increase the voltage until the ST1 signal appears.
Note the operate value and compare it with the set value.
Switch the applied voltage off.
Set and apply about 20% higher voltage than the measured operate value for
one phase.
Measure the time delay for the TR1 signal and compare it with the set value.
Repeat the test for step 2.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.6.3

Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.6.3.1

Verifying the settings


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

13.6.3.2

Apply the single-phase voltage either to a single phase voltage input or to a


residual voltage input with the start value below the set value U1>.
Slowly increase the value until ST1 appears.
Note the operate value and compare it with the set value.
Switch the applied voltage off.
Set and apply about 20% higher voltage than the measured operate value for
one phase.
Measure the time delay for the TR1 signal and compare it with the set value.
Repeat the test for step 2.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

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13.6.4

Voltage differential protection VDCPTOV


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.6.4.1

Check of undervoltage levels


This test is relevant if the setting BlkDiffAtULow = Yes.

Check of U1Low
Procedure
1.
2.

Connect voltages to the IED according to valid connection diagram and figure
54.
Apply voltage higher than the highest set value of UDTrip, U1Low and
U2Low to the U1 three-phase inputs and to one phase of the U2 inputs
according to figure 54.
The voltage differential START signal is set.

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1MRK 505 210-UEN C

UL1

UL1

UL2

UL2

UL3

UL3

UN

UN

IED

IED TEST SET

Section 13
Verifying settings by secondary injection

UL1
UL2
UL3

IEC07000106-1-en.vsd
IEC07000106 V2 EN

Figure 54:

Connection of the test set to the IED for test of U1 block level

where:

3.
4.
5.

is three-phase voltage group1 (U1)

is three-phase voltage group2 (U2)

Decrease slowly the voltage in phase UL1 of the test set until the START
signal resets.
Check U1 blocking level by comparing the voltage level at reset with the set
undervoltage blocking U1Low.
Repeat steps 2 to 4 to check U1Low for the other phases.
The connections to U1 must be shifted to test another phase.
(UL1 to UL2, UL2 to UL3, UL3 to UL1)

Check of U2Low
Procedure
1.

Connect voltages to the IED according to valid connection diagram and


figure 55.

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

UL1

UL1

UL2

UL2

UL3

UL3

UN

UN

IED

IED TEST SET

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

UL1
UL2
UL3

IEC07000107-1-en.vsd
IEC07000107 V2 EN

Figure 55:

Connection of the test set to the IED for test of U2 block level

where:

2.

3.
4.

13.6.4.2

is three-phase voltage group1 (U1)

is three-phase voltage group2 (U2)

Apply voltage higher than the highest set value of UDTrip, U1Low and
U2Low to the U1 three-phase inputs and to one phase of the U2 inputs
according to figure 55.
The voltage differential START signal is set.
Decrease slowly the voltage in phase UL3 of the test set until the START
signal resets.
Check U2 blocking level by comparing the voltage level at reset with the set
undervoltage blocking U2Low.

Check of voltage differential trip and alarm levels


Procedure
1.

Connect voltages to the IED according to valid connection diagram and


figure 56.

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1MRK 505 210-UEN C

UL1

UL1

UL2

UL2

UL3

UL3

UN

UN

IED

IED TEST SET

Section 13
Verifying settings by secondary injection

UL1
UL2
UL3

IEC07000108-1-en.vsd
IEC07000108 V2 EN

Figure 56:

Connection of the test set to the IED for test of alarm levels,
trip levels and trip timer

where:

2.
3.

is three-phase voltage group1 (U1)

is three-phase voltage group2 (U2)

Apply 1.2 Ur (rated voltage) to the U1 and U2 inputs.


Decrease slowly the voltage of in phase UL1 of the test set until the ALARM
signal is activated.
The ALARM signal is delayed with timer tAlarm

4.
5.
6.
7.

13.6.4.3

Check the alarm operation level by comparing the differential voltage level at
ALARM with the set alarm level UDAlarm.
Continue to slowly decrease the voltage until START signal is activated.
Check the differential voltage operation level by comparing the differential
voltage level at START with the set trip level UDTrip.
Repeat steps 1 to 2 to check the other phases.
Observe that the connections to U1 must be shifted to test another phase.
(UL1 to UL2, UL2 to UL3, UL3 to UL1)

Check of trip and trip reset timers


Procdure

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Verifying settings by secondary injection

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

13.6.4.4

Connect voltages to the IED according to valid connection diagram and figure
56.
Set Ur (rated voltage) to the U1 inputs and increase U2 voltage until
differential voltage is 1.5 operating level (UDTrip).
Switch on the test set. Measure the time from activation of the START signal
until TRIP signal is activated.
Check the measured time by comparing it to the set trip time tTrip.
Increase the voltage until START signal resets. Measure the time from reset
of START signal to reset of TRIP signal.
Check the measured time by comparing it to the set trip reset time tReset.

Final adjustment of compensation for VT ratio differences


Procedure
1.

With the protection in test mode, view the differential voltage service values
in each phase on the local HMI under Main menu/Test/Function status/
Voltage protection/VoltageDiff(PTOV,60)/VDCPTOV:x.
The IED voltage inputs should be connected to the VTs
according to valid connection diagram.

2.
3.
4.
5.

13.6.4.5

Record the differential voltages.


Calculate the compensation factor RFLx for each phase.
For information about calculation of the compensation factor, see the
application manual.
Set the compensation factors on the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/
Settings group N/Voltage protection/VoltageDiff(PTOV,60)/VDCPTOV:x
Check that the differential voltages are close to zero.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.6.5

Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.6.5.1

Measuring the operate limit of set values

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1.
2.
3.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Check that the input logical signals BLOCK, CBOPEN and VTSU are logical
zero.
Supply a three-phase rated voltage in all three phases and note on the local
HMI that the TRIP logical signal is equal to the logical 0.
Switch off the voltage in all three phases.
After set tTrip time a TRIP signal appears on the corresponding binary output
or on the local HMI.
Note that TRIP at this time is a pulse signal, duration should
be according to set tPulse.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

13.6.5.2

Inject the measured voltages to their rated values for at least set tRestore time.
Activate the CBOPEN binary input.
Simultaneously disconnect all the three-phase voltages from the IED.
No TRIP signal should appear.
Inject the measured voltages to their rated values for at least set tRestore time.
Activate the VTSU binary input.
Simultaneously disconnect all the three-phase voltages from the tRestore.
No TRIP signal should appear.
Reset the VTSU binary input.
Inject the measured voltages to their rated values for at least set tRestore time.
Activate the BLOCK binary input.
Simultaneously disconnect all the three-phase voltages from the terminal.
No TRIP signal should appear.
Reset the BLOCK binary input.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.7

Frequency protection

13.7.1

Underfrequency protection SAPTUF


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.7.1.1

Verifying the settings


Verification of START value and time delay to operate

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1MRK 505 210-UEN C

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Check that the IED settings are appropriate, especially the START value and
the definite time delay.
Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at their rated values.
Slowly decrease the frequency of the applied voltage, until the START signal
appears.
Note the operate value and compare it with the set value.
Increase the frequency until rated operating levels are reached.
Check that the START signal resets.
Instantaneously decrease the frequency of the applied voltage to a value about
20% lower than the operate value.
Measure the time delay of the TRIP signal, and compare it with the set value.

Extended testing
1.
2.

The test above can be repeated to check the time to reset.


The tests above can be repeated to test the frequency dependent inverse time
characteristic.

Verification of the low voltage magnitude blocking


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

13.7.1.2

Check that the IED settings are appropriate, especially the StartFrequency,
IntBlockLevel, and the TimeDlyOperate.
Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at rated values.
Slowly decrease the magnitude of the applied voltage, until the BLKDMAGN
signal appears.
Note the voltage magnitude value and compare it with the set value
IntBlockLevel.
Slowly decrease the frequency of the applied voltage, to a value below
StartFrequency.
Check that the START signal does not appear.
Wait for a time corresponding to TimeDlyOperate, and make sure that the
TRIP signal not appears.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.7.2

Overfrequency protection SAPTOF


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.7.2.1

Verifying the settings

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Verification of START value and time delay to operate


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Check that the settings in the IED are appropriate, especially the START
value and the definite time delay.
Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at their rated values.
Slowly increase the frequency of the applied voltage, until the START signal
appears.
Note the operate value and compare it with the set value.
Decrease the frequency to rated operating conditions.
Check that the START signal resets.
Instantaneously increase the frequency of the applied voltage to a value about
20% higher than the operate value.
Measure the time delay for the TRIP signal, and compare it with the set value.

Extended testing
1.

The test above can be repeated to check the time to reset.

Verification of the low voltage magnitude blocking


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

13.7.2.2

Check that the settings in the IED are appropriate, especially the
StartFrequency, IntBlocklevel, and the TimeDlyOperate.
Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at their rated values.
Slowly decrease the magnitude of the applied voltage, until the BLKDMAGN
signal appears.
Note the voltage magnitude value and compare it with the set value,
IntBlocklevel.
Slowly increase the frequency of the applied voltage, to a value above
StartFrequency.
Check that the START signal does not appear.
Wait for a time corresponding to TimeDlyOperate, and make sure that the
TRIP signal does not appear.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.7.3

Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

13.7.3.1

Verifying the settings

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Verification of START value and time delay to operate


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Check that the settings in the IED are appropriate, especially the START
value and the definite time delay. Set StartFreqGrad, to a rather small
negative value.
Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at their rated values.
Slowly decrease the frequency of the applied voltage, with an increasing rateof-change that finally exceeds the setting of StartFreqGrad, and check that
the START signal appears.
Note the operate value and compare it with the set value.
Increase the frequency to rated operating conditions, and zero rate-of-change.
Check that the START signal resets.
Instantaneously decrease the frequency of the applied voltage to a value about
20% lower than the nominal value.
Measure the time delay for the TRIP signal, and compare it with the set value.

Extended testing
1.
2.
3.

13.7.3.2

The test above can be repeated to check a positive setting of StartFreqGrad.


The tests above can be repeated to check the time to reset.
The tests above can be repeated to test the RESTORE signal, when the
frequency recovers from a low value.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.8

Multipurpose protection

13.8.1

General current and voltage protection CVGAPC


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
One of the new facilities within the general current and voltage protection function
CVGAPC is that the value, which is processed and used for evaluation in the
function, can be chosen in many different ways by the setting parameters
CurrentInput and VoltageInput.
These setting parameters decide what kind of preprocessing the connected threephase CT and VT inputs shall be subjected to. That is, for example, single-phase
quantities, phase-to-phase quantities, positive sequence quantities, negative
sequence quantities, maximum quantity from the three-phase group, minimum

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quantity from the three-phase group, difference between maximum and minimum
quantities (unbalance) can be derived and then used in the function.
Due to the versatile possibilities of CVGAPC itself, but also the possibilities of
logic combinations in the application configuration of outputs from more than one
CVGAPC function block, it is hardly possible to define a fully covering general
commissioning test.
When inverse time overcurrent characteristic is selected, the
operate time of the stage will be the sum of the inverse time delay
and the set definite time delay. Thus, if only the inverse time delay
is required, it is of utmost importance to set the definite time delay
for that stage to zero.

13.8.1.1

Built-in overcurrent feature (non-directional)


Procedure
1.

Go to Main menu/Test/Function test modes/Multipurpose protection/


GeneralCurrentVoltage(GAPC)/CVGAPC:x and make sure that CVGAPC
to be tested is unblocked and other functions that might disturb the evaluation
of the test are blocked.
2. Connect the test set for injection of three-phase currents to the appropriate
current terminals of the IED in the 670 series.
3. Inject current(s) in a way that relevant measured current (according to setting
parameter CurrentInput) is created from the test set. Increase the current(s)
until the low set stage operates and check against the set operate value.
4. Decrease the current slowly and check the reset value.
5. Block high set stage if the injection current will activate the high set stage
when testing the low set stage according to below.
6. Connect a TRIP output contact to the timer.
7. Set the current to 200% of the operate value of low set stage, switch on the
current and check the time delay.
For inverse time curves, check the operate time at a current equal to 110% of
the operate current at tMin.
8. Check that TRIP and START contacts operate according to the configuration
logic.
9. Release the blocking of the high set stage and check the operate and reset
value and the time delay for the high set stage in the same way as for the low
set stage.
10. Finally check that START and TRIP information is stored in the event menu.
Information on how to use the event menu is found in the
operator's manual.

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13.8.1.2

Overcurrent feature with current restraint


The current restraining value has also to be measured or calculated and the
influence on the operation has to be calculated when the testing of the operate
value is done.
Procedure
1.

13.8.1.3

Operate value measurement


The current restraining value has also to be measured or calculated and the
influence on the operation has to be calculated when the testing of the operate
value is done.

Overcurrent feature with voltage restraint


Procedure
1.
2.

3.

4.

13.8.1.4

Connect the test set for injection of three-phase currents and three-phase
voltages to the appropriate current and voltage terminals of the IED.
Inject current(s) and voltage(s) in a way that relevant measured (according to
setting parameter CurrentInput and VoltageInput) currents and voltages are
created from the test set.
Overall check in principal as above (non-directional overcurrent feature)
Operate value measurement
The relevant voltage restraining value (according to setting parameter
VoltageInput) has also to be injected from the test set and the influence on the
operate value has to be calculated when the testing the operate value is done.
Operate time measurement
Definite times may be tested as above (non-directional overcurrent feature).
For inverse time characteristics the START value (to which the overcurrent
ratio has to be calculated) is the actual pickup value as got with actual
restraining from the voltage restraining quantity.

Overcurrent feature with directionality


Please note that the directional characteristic can be set in two different ways either
just dependent on the angle between current and polarizing voltage (setting
parameter DirPrinc_OC1 or DirPrinc_OC2 set to or in a way that the operate
value also is dependent on the angle between current and polarizing voltage
according to the I cos(F) law (setting parameter DirPrincOC1 or DirPrincOC2
set to I cos(F). This has to be known if a more detailed measurement of the
directional characteristic is made, than the one described below.
Procedure

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1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.

13.8.1.5

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Connect the test set for injection of three-phase currents and three-phase
voltages to the appropriate current and voltage terminals of the IED.
Inject current(s) and voltage(s) in a way that relevant measured (according to
setting parameter CurrentInput and VoltageInput) currents and voltages are
created from the test set.
Set the relevant measuring quantity current to lag or lead (lag for negative
RCA angle and lead for positive RCA angle) the relevant polarizing quantity
voltage by an angle equal to the set IED characteristic angle (rca-dir) when
forward directional feature is selected and the CTstarpoint configuration
parameter is set to ToObject.
If reverse directional feature is selected or CTstarpoint configuration
parameter is set to FromObject, the angle between current and polarizing
voltage shall be set equal to rca-dir+180.
Overall check in principal as above (non-directional overcurrent feature)
Reverse the direction of the injection current and check that the protection
does not operate.
Check with low polarization voltage that the feature becomes non-directional,
blocked or with memory according to the setting.

Over/Undervoltage feature
Procedure
1.
2.
3.

13.8.1.6

Connect the test set for injection three-phase voltages to the appropriate
voltage terminals of the IED.
Inject voltage(s) in a way that relevant measured (according to setting
parameter VoltageInput) voltages are created from the test set.
Overall check in principal as above (non-directional overcurrent feature) and
correspondingly for the undervoltage feature.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.9

Secondary system supervision

13.9.1

Fuse failure supervision SDDRFUF


Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
The verification is divided in two main parts. The first part is common to all fuse
failure supervision options, and checks that binary inputs and outputs operate as

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expected according to actual configuration. In the second part the relevant set
operate values are measured.

13.9.1.1

Checking that the binary inputs and outputs operate as expected


1.
2.

Simulate normal operating conditions with the three-phase currents in phase


with their corresponding phase voltages and with all of them equal to their
rated values.
Connect the nominal dc voltage to the DISCPOS binary input.

3.
4.

Disconnect the dc voltage from the DISCPOS binary input terminal.


Connect the nominal dc voltage to the MCBOP binary input.

5.
6.

7.

There should be no change in the high status of the output signals


BLKU and BLKZ.
The signal 3PH will appear.

Establish normal voltage and current operating conditions simultaneously and


observe the corresponding output signals.
They should change to logical 0 as follows:

13.9.1.2

The BLKU and BLKZ signals should appear without any time delay.
All undervoltage-dependent functions must be blocked.

Disconnect the dc voltage from the MCBOP binary input terminal.


Disconnect one of the phase voltages and observe the logical output signals
on the binary outputs of the IED. BLKU and BLKZ signals should
simultaneously appear.
BLKU and BLKZ signals should simultaneously appear.
After more than 5 seconds disconnect the remaining two-phase voltages and
all three currents.

8.

The signal BLKU should appear with almost no time delay.


No signals BLKZ and 3PH should appear on the IED.
Only the distance protection function can operate.
Undervoltage-dependent functions must not operate.

Signal 3PH after about 25ms


Signal BLKU after about 50ms
Signal BLKZ after about 200ms

Measuring the operate value for the negative sequence function


Measure the operate value for the negative sequence function, if included in the
IED.

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1.
2.
3.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Simulate normal operating conditions with the three-phase currents in phase


with their corresponding phase voltages and with all of them equal to their
rated values.
Slowly decrease the measured voltage in one phase until the BLKU signal
appears.
Record the measured voltage and calculate the corresponding negativesequence voltage according to the equation.
Observe that the voltages in the equation are phasors.
2

3 U 2 = UL 1 + a U L 2 + a U L3
(Equation 15)

EQUATION707 V1 EN

Where:

U L1

U L2

and

UL3

= the measured phase voltages

EQUATION708 V1 EN

a = 1e

2p
j ----------3

3
= 0, 5 + j ------2

EQUATION709 V1 EN

4.

13.9.1.3

Compare the result with the set value (consider that the set value 3U2> is in
percentage of the base voltage UBase) of the negative-sequence operating
voltage.

Measuring the operate value for the zero-sequence function


Measure the operate value for the zero-sequence function, if included in the IED.
1.
2.
3.

Simulate normal operating conditions with the three-phase currents in phase


with their corresponding phase voltages and with all of them equal to their
rated values.
Slowly decrease the measured voltage in one phase until the BLKU signal
appears.
Record the measured voltage and calculate the corresponding zero-sequence
voltage according to the equation.
Observe that the voltages in the equation are phasors.
3 U0 = U L1 + UL2 + U L3
IEC00000276 V1 EN

(Equation 18)

Where:

UL1 , U L2 and U L3

= the measured phase voltages.

IEC00000275 V1 EN

4.

Compare the result with the set value (consider that the set value 3U0> is in
percentage of the base voltage of the zero-sequence operating voltage.

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13.9.1.4

Checking the operation of the du/dt and di/dt based function


Check the operation of the du/dt and di/dt based function, if included in the IED.
1.
2.
3.

Simulate normal operating conditions with the three-phase currents in phase


with their corresponding phase voltages and with all of them equal to their
rated values.
Connect the nominal dc voltage to the CBCLOSED binary input.
Change the voltages and currents in all three phases simultaneously.
The voltage change should be greater then set DU> and the current change
should be less than the set DI<.

The BLKU and BLKZ signals appear without any time delay. The
BLKZ signal will be activated, only if the internal deadline detection is
not activated at the same time.
3PH should appear after 5 seconds, if the remaining voltage levels are
lower than the set UDLD< of the DLD function.

4.

Apply normal conditions as in step 3.


The BLKU, BLKZ and 3PH signals should reset, if activated, see step 1 and 3.
5. Change the voltages and currents in all three phases simultaneously.
The voltage change should be greater than set DU> and the current change
should be greater than the set DI<.
The BLKU, BLKZ and 3PH signals should not appear.
6. Disconnect the dc voltage to the CBCLOSED binary input.
7. Apply normal conditions as in step 1.
8. Repeat step 3.
9. Connect the nominal voltages in all three phases and feed a current below the
operate level in all three phases.
10. Keep the current constant. Disconnect the voltage in all three phases
simultaneously.
The BLKU, BLKZ and 3PH signals should not appear.

13.9.1.5

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.10

Control

13.10.1

Autorecloser SMBRREC
Verification of the Autorecloser function SMBRREC can be considered to consist
of two parts.

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One part to verify the internal logic and timing of the function
One part to verify its interaction with the protection system

This section deals with verification of SMBRREC itself. However, it is practical to


start SMBRREC by activating a protection function, for example, by secondary
injection tests.
Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
The purpose of verification before commissioning is to check that entered
selections, setting parameters and configuration render the intended result. The
function is flexible with many options and facilities. At commissioning only the
selections and settings intended for use are verified. If one chooses to reduce some
time settings in order to speed up verification, be careful to set the parameters at
intended operational values at the end of the verification procedure. One such
parameter is the tReclaim time and could result in a long delay of reclosing shots,
for example, shot 2 and later ones.
The verification test is performed together with protection and trip functions.
Figure 57 illustrates a suggested testing arrangement, where the circuit-breaker
(CB) is simulated by an external bi-stable relay (BR), for example a relay type
RXMVB2 or RXMD or Breaker Simulator of ABB. The following manual
switches are used:

Switch or push-button to close (SC)


Switch or push-button to trip (ST)
Switch for CB ready condition (SRY)

If no bi-stable relay or breaker simulator is available, replace it with two self-reset


auxiliary relays and use a self-holding connection.
Use a secondary injection IED test set to operate the protection function. The test
set shall be switched off when a trip signal is given or when the BR comes to open
position to simulate real conditions.
The CB simulation can be made more elaborate, including simulation of the
operating gear condition, CBREADY of either the type ready for a Close-Open
(CO) cycle, or the type ready for an Open-Close -Open (OCO) cycle.
The CB condition CBREADY of a type, CO, shall be high (true) until a closing
operation is performed. It then goes low (false) for a recharging time of about 5 10s. After that it is high again.
A CB condition CBREADY of a type, OCO shall be high (true) before and during
tripping (Start reclosing). During tripping it goes low for a recharging time, for
example, 10s. It may thus be low at the instant of reclosing. After each Open or
Close operation it may need a recharging period before it goes high again.

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In the example of CB simulation arrangement, the CBREADY condition is


simulated by a manual switch, SRY.
Information and material for the verification:

Protection or control unit, IED, configured and with settings entered.


Configuration diagram for the IED
Terminal diagram for the IED, or plant circuit diagram including the IED
Technical reference manual for the IED
IED test set for secondary injection
Means to indicate, measure and record operation and times, for example an
event recording facility
A bi-stable relay (BR) or two auxiliary relays to simulate a CB
Two push-buttons (SC, ST) to operate the BR and a change-over switch (SRY)
to simulate CBREADY
Possibly a switch simulation the synchronizing check SESRSYN condition

IED

CLOSE CB
BR
SC
Trip

ST

CB POS
SRY

CB READY

To test
set

IEC04000202-1en.vsd
IEC04000202 V2 EN

Figure 57:

13.10.1.1

Simulating the CB operation by a bi-stable relay/breaker simulator


and manual switches

Preparation of the verification


1.

Check the function settings on the local HMI under Main menu/Settings/
Setting group N/Control/Autorecloser(RREC,79)/SMBRREC:x
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Verifying settings by secondary injection

2.

3.

4.
5.

13.10.1.2

If any timer settings are reduced to speed up or facilitate the testing, they shall
be set to normal after testing. A temporary label on the IED can be a reminder
to restore normal settings after which a verification test should be performed.
Decide if a synchronizing check function SESRSYN shall be included in the
test.
If SESRSYN as an internal function or external device is not operated by the
injection, it may be connected as a permanent high signal or controlled by a
switch.
Read and make notes of the reclosing operation counters on the local HMI
under Main menu/Test/Function status/Control/AutoRecloser(RREC,79)/
SMBRREC:x
Possibly reset the counters to Zero. Counters are reset in the reset menu.
Make arrangements for the simulation of the CB, for example as in figure 57.
Make arrangements for indication, recording and time measurements.
The signals for CBPOS, START, CLOSECB, READY and other relevant
signals should preferably be arranged for event recording with time tagging.
If that is not possible, other means of time measurement and recording should
be arranged.

Switching the autorecloser function to On and Off


1.
2.
3.

13.10.1.3

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Set the Operation setting to Off and check the state.


Set the Operation setting to On and check the state, including SETON and
READY.
The CB should be closed and ready.
If external control Off/On is connected, check that it works.
Set Operation to ExternalCtrl and use that control to switch On and Off, and
check the state of the function.

Verifying the autorecloser function SMBRREC


Select the test cases to be run according to what is applicable to the particular
application. It can be, for example,

three-phase single-shot reclosing


two-shot reclosing
single-phase and three-phase single-shot reclosing

Below, a case with single-phase and three-phase single-shot reclosing is described.


1.
2.
3.
4.

Set Operation = On.


If the autorecloser function SMBRREC is not to be operated, ensure that the
SMBRREC input is activated. If SMBRREC is to be included, ensure that it
is supplied with the appropriate AC quantities.
Simulate CB closed position by closing switch SC to make the BR relay start.
Simulate CBREADY by closing the switch SRY, and leave it closed.

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5.

6.

7.

13.10.1.4

Inject AC quantities to give a trip, for example, one-phase trip, to the BR and
to the START input.
Observe and preferably record the operation. The BR relay shall trip and
reclose (start). After reclosing, the SRY switch can be opened for about 5s
and then closed again.
The autoreclosing open time and the sequence should be checked, for
example in the event recording. Check also the operation indications
(disturbance report) and the operation counters on the local HMI under Main
menu/Test/Function status/Control/AutoRecloser(RREC,79)/
SMBRREC:x
Should the operation not be as expected, this should be investigated. It could
be caused by an inappropriate setting or missing condition such as
CBREADY (or SMBRREC at three-phase reclosing).
Repeat the sequence by simulating a permanent fault.
Shortly after the reclosing shot, a new fault is applied. If a single-shot
reclosing program is selected, there shall be one reclosing operation and then
blocking of SMBRREC for the set Reclaim time.
Before a new reclosing sequence can be run, the CBREADY and CBPOS
(CB closed) must be set manually.
Repeat the sequence by simulating a three-phase transient and permanent
faults, and other applicable cases, such as signal to STARTHS and high-speed
reclosing.
If just single-phase reclosing is selected, FirstShot = 1ph, a check can be run
to make sure that a three-phase trip does not result in any reclosing. Other
similar cases can be checked as required.

Checking the reclosing conditions


When checking the influence of a releasing condition it is suggested to first run a
sequence with the condition fulfilled. When the condition signal is removed, and a
new sequence is run, it indicates that the result was due to the changed condition.
In case of a blocking signal the procedure should be similar. Start without the
blocking or inhibit signal, and then run a sequence with the blocking or inhibit
signal added.

Checking the influence of the INHIBIT signal


1.
2.
3.

Check that the autorecloser function SMBRREC is operative, for example, by


making a reclosing shot without the INHIBIT signal.
Apply a fault and thereby a START signal. At the same time, or during the
open time, apply a signal to the input INHIBIT.
Check that the reclosing sequence is interrupted and no reclosing takes place.

Check closing onto a fault


1.

Check that the autorecloser function SMBRREC is operative, for example by


making a reclosing shot.

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2.
3.
4.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Keep the CBREADY signal high.


Set the breaker simulating relay BR in Open position.
Close the BR relay and apply immediately a fault and thereby a START signal.
Check that no reclosing takes place.

Checking the influence of CB not ready for reclosing


1.

2.
3.

Check that the autorecloser function SMBRREC is operative, for example by


making a reclosing shot.
Keep the CB simulator BR closed. Remove the CBREADY signal by opening
SRY.
Apply a fault and thereby a START signal.
Check that no reclosing takes place.

Checking the influence of synchronizing check (at three-phase


reclosing)
1.

2.
3.

Check that the autorecloser function SMBRREC is operative, for example, by


making a three-phase reclosing shot with the SESRSYN synchronizing check
condition.
Remove the SESRSYN signal connected to input signal SYNC.
Apply a fault causing three-phase trip and thereby a START and a TR3P signal.
Wait for the tSync time out limit.
Check that no reclosing is made.

Checking the response when autoreclosing is Off


Procedure
1.

2.
3.

Check that the autorecloser function SMBRREC is operative, for examle by


making a reclosing shot.
Set the autoreclosing operation to Off, for examle by external control.
The output READY shall be low, and PREP3P shall be high.
Apply a fault and thereby a START signal.
Check that no reclosing takes place.

Testing autoreclosing in a multi-breaker arrangement

The usual arrangement is to have an autorecloser function SMBRREC per circuitbreaker. They can be in different CB related IEDs or in a common IED.

A master SMBRREC function is set with Priority = High.


A slave SMBRREC function is set with Priority = Low.
See the application manual for an illustration of typical
interconnections.

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The two functions can be checked individually by carefully applying START,


WAIT, and INHIBIT signals.
It is also possible to verify the two functions together by using CB simulating
equipment and two CB circuits. There should be interconnections from the master
to the slave function, WFMASTER - WAIT, and UNSUCCL - INHIBIT, as shown
in the illustration referred to above.

Restoring equipment

After the tests, restore the equipment to normal or desired state. Check the
following items in particular:
1.

2.
3.
4.

13.10.1.5

Check the operation counters.


Reset the counters to zero, if that is the user's preference. The counter reset
function is found on the local HMI under Main menu/Reset/Reset counters/
AutoRecloser(RREC,79)/SMBRREC:x
Restore settings that may have been modified for the tests back to normal.
Disconnect the test switch, CB simulating arrangement and test circuits.
Reconnect any links or connection terminals, which may have been opened
for the tests.
Reset indications, alarms and disturbance recordings.
Clearing of the disturbance report must be done via the Disturbance Handling
in PCM600.

Completing the test


Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting
to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were
changed for testing purposes.

13.10.2

Apparatus control APC


The apparatus control function consists of four types of function blocks, which are
connected in a delivery-specific way between bays and to the station level. For that
reason, test the total function in a system, that is, either in a complete delivery
system as an acceptance test (FAT/SAT) or as parts of that system.
If a block/unblock command is sent from remote to function, while
the IED is shut down, this command will not be recognized after
the start up, thus the command that was sent prior to the shut down
is used. In such cases, where there is a mismatch, the user is
advised to make a complete cycle of block/unblock operations to
align the statuses.

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13.10.3

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Interlocking
Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
Values of the logical signals are available on the local HMI under Main menu/
Tests/Function status/Control/<Function>/<1:Function>. The Signal
Monitoring in PCM600 shows the same signals that are available on the local HMI.
The interlocking function consists of a bay-level part and a station-level part. The
interlocking is delivery specific and is realized by bay-to-bay communication over
the station bus. For that reason, test the function in a system, that is, either in a
complete delivery system as an acceptance test (FAT/SAT) or as parts of that system.

13.10.4

Single command SingleCommand16Signals


For the single command function block, it is necessary to configure the output
signal to corresponding binary output of the IED. The operation of the single
command function (SingleCommand16Signals) is then checked from the local
HMI by applying the commands with Mode = Off, Steady or Pulse, and by
observing the logic statuses of the corresponding binary output. Command control
functions included in the operation of different built-in functions must be tested at
the same time as their corresponding functions.

13.11

Monitoring

13.11.1

Event counter CNTGGIO


The event counter function CNTGGIO can be tested by connecting a binary input
to the counter under test and applying pulses to the counter. The speed of pulses
must not exceed 10 per second. Normally the counter will be tested in connection
with tests on the function that the counter is connected to, such as trip logic. When
configured, test it together with the function that operates it. Trig the function and
check that the counter result corresponds with the number of operations.

13.11.2

Event function EVENT


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.
During testing, the IED can be set when in test mode from PST. The functionality
of the event reporting during test mode is set in the Parameter Setting tool in PCM600.

Use event masks


Report no events
Report all events

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In test mode, individual event blocks can be blocked from PCM600.


Individually, event blocks can also be blocked from the local HMI under
Main menu/Test/Function test modes/Monitoring/EventCounter(GGIO)/
CNTGGIO:x

13.12

Metering

13.12.1

Pulse counter PCGGIO


The test of the Pulse counter function PCGGIO requires the Parameter Setting tool
in PCM600 or an appropriate connection to the local HMI with the necessary
functionality. A known number of pulses with different frequencies are connected
to the pulse counter input. The test should be performed with settings Operation =
On or Operation = Off and the function blocked or unblocked. The pulse counter
value is then checked in PCM600 or on the local HMI.

13.13

Station communication

13.13.1

Multiple command and transmit MultiCmd/MultiTransm


The multiple command and transmit function (MultiCmd/MultiTransm) is only
applicable for horizontal communication.
Test of the multiple command function block and multiple transmit is
recommended to be performed in a system, that is, either in a complete delivery
system as an acceptance test (FAT/SAT) or as parts of that system, because the
command function blocks are connected in a delivery-specific way between bays
and the station level and transmit.
Command and transmit function blocks included in the operation of different builtin functions must be tested at the same time as their corresponding functions.

13.14

Remote communication

13.14.1

Binary signal transfer BinSignReceive, BinSignTransm


Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Overview" and
section "Preparing for test" in this chapter.

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To perform a test of Binary signal transfer function (BinSignReceive/


BinSignTransm), the hardware (LDCM) and binary input and output signals to
transfer must be configured as required by the application.
There are two types of internal self supervision of BinSignReceive/BinSignTransm

The I/O-circuit board is supervised as an I/O module. For example it generates


FAIL if the board is not inserted. I/O-modules not configured are not supervised.
The communication is supervised and the signal COMFAIL is generated if a
communication error is detected.

Status for inputs and outputs as well as self-supervision status are available from
the local HMI under

Self-supervision status: Main menu/Diagnostics/Internal events


Status for inputs and outputs: Main menu/Test/Function status, browse to
the function group of interest.
Remote communication related signals: Main menu/Test/Function status/
Communication/Remote communication

Test the correct functionality by simulating different kind of faults. Also check that
sent and received data is correctly transmitted and read.
A test connection is shown in figure 58. A binary input signal (BI) at End1 is
configured to be transferred through the communication link to End2. At End2 the
received signal is configured to control a binary output (BO). Check at End2 that
the BI signal is received and the BO operates.
Repeat the test for all the signals configured to be transmitted over the
communication link.

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IEC07000188 V1 EN

Figure 58:

Test of RTC with I/O

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Section 14
Primary injection testing

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 14

Primary injection testing

About this chapter


This chapter describes tests with primary current through the protected zone to
determine that connections and settings are correct.

14.1

Primary injection testing


Whenever it becomes necessary to work on primary equipment, it is
essential that all the necessary switching, locking, earthing and
safety procedures are observed and obeyed in a rigid and
formalized manner. Operating and testing procedures should be
strictly followed in order to avoid exposure to the substation
equipment that has not been properly de-energized.
A test with primary current through the protected zone is usually a final check that
the current circuits are correctly connected to the IED protection scheme. It is
important to have an appropriate source, which is able to inject sufficient current in
the primary circuit in order to distinguish between noise and real injected current.
Therefore it is recommended that the injection current should be at least 10% of
rated CT primary current.

14.1.1

Operation of the busbar differential protection


The primary injection tests of a differential IED consist of applying a suitable
current source across the primary winding of the CT connected to the current input
of the IED. The testing is normally carried out on one phase at a time. If the
primary current isbigger than the set value of the DiffOperLevel parameter, the
IED shall issue the trip command as well. The primary current injection test should
be repeated for every CT until all current circuits in all phases are checked. The
typical connection for the primary injection test is shown in figure 59.

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Primary injection testing

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IED

Primary Injection
Test Set

CT Input
1200/1

Optional equipment
(i.e,Test Switch,CB
Fail relay,other relays)
IEC05000470-2-en.vsd
IEC05000470 V2 EN

Figure 59:

Typical test connection for primary injection testing

Testing will be explained from one general current input CTx (that is, x = 1, 2,...,
Nmax; where Nmax is equal to the maximum number of used CT inputs).
Follow the following test instructions for all used current inputs in an IED.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Connect the test set for injection primary current to the main CT connected to
the current terminals of CTx input of the IED as shown in figure 59.
Make sure that current measurement from the CTx input are included in one
of the differential zones.
Inject the primary current in phase L1 and note the incoming and differential
currents on the local HMI of the IED. The values of the incoming and the
differential currents shall correspond to the injected primary current.
Check that the current is present only in the phase being tested.
If the injected current is high enough, check that trip contacts operate
accordingly to the scheme wiring.
Check that trip information is stored in the disturbance recorder and event list
(if connected).
Switch off the current.
Check the function in the same way by injecting current in phases L2 and L3.

It is recommended that each primary CB is tripped directly from the protection


scheme at least once during these tests. This will confirm the trip-circuit
connection between the protection scheme and the CB.

14.1.2

Stability of the busbar differential protection


For stability testing, one current circuit shall always be used as a reference input.
The reference current circuit shall then be tested for stability against all other
current circuits connected to a REB670 IED protection scheme on a one-by-one
basis. Use the current circuit connected to the CT1 current input as the reference
current circuit. A typical connection for the primary current test set for this type of
tests is shown in figure 60.

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Primary injection testing

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REB 670
CT1 Current Input

CT2 Current Input

Primary Injection
Test Set

CT3 Current Input

CT4 Current Input

CT5 Current Input

en05000307_1.vsd
IEC05000307 V1 EN

Figure 60:

Typical test connection for primary injection, which should confirm


the stability of the main CT connected to current inputs of the IED

For this type of primary injection tests a suitable current source should be applied
across the primary windings of two CTs connected in series as shown in figure 60.
The testing is normally done on one phase at the time. The currents in the
secondary winding of these CTs are then opposite in phase. The differential current
displayed by the IED should be negligible while the incoming current displayed
should be equal to the value of the injected primary current. The IED must not
issue the trip command during these tests. If it trips or the differential current has a
high value it usually means that there is a wiring problem in the CT circuits
connected to the current input CTx (that is, a differential current equal to twice the
injection current probably indicates wrong polarity of the main CT connected to the
CTx current input). This problem must be solved before the protection scheme is
put in service.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.

Connect the test set for primary current injection to the main CTs as shown in
figure 60.
Make sure that current measurement from two used CT inputs are included in
the same differential zone.
Inject the primary current in phase L1 and note the incoming and differential
currents on the local HMI of the IED.
The value of the incoming current for phase L1 shall correspond to the
injected primary current. The value of the differential current for phase L1
shall be negligible.

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Primary injection testing

4.
5.
6.

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Check that the current is present only in the phase being tested.
Switch the current off.
Check the function in phases L2 and L3 by injecting current in the same way.

The busbar disconnector replica is used in order to provide the information to the
REB670 differential IEDs, which of the measured CT currents shall be included
within different differential zones. To form the busbar disconnector replica, it is
necessary to use the auxiliary contacts from each busbar disconnector.
For more information please refer to the REB670 application manual.

Proper operation of this scheme have to be checked during commissioning, by


manual operation of the primary busbar disconnectors and/or circuit breakers and
verification that the associated switch status function block properly operates and
energies the corresponding binary inputs of relevant REB670 IED bay function
block. If necessary proper timing of the disconnector auxiliary contacts have to be
checked as well.
The REB670 IED protection scheme can be put in service, after all these tests have
been conducted.

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Section 15

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Section 16

Section 16
Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system

Commissioning and maintenance of the


fault clearing system

About this chapter


This chapter discusses maintenance tests and other periodic maintenance measures.

15.1

Commissioning tests
During commissioning all protection functions shall be verified with the setting
values used at each plant. The commissioning tests must include verification of all
circuits by green-lining the circuit diagrams and the configuration diagrams for the
used functions.
Further, the settings for protection functions are tested and recorded carefully as
outlined for the future periodic maintenance tests.
The final testing includes primary verification of all directional functions where
load currents is checked on the local HMI and in PCM600. The amplitudes and
angles of all currents and voltages should be checked and the symmetry verified.
Directional functions have information about the measured direction and, for
example, measured impedance. These values must be checked and verified as
correct with the export or import of power available.
Finally, final trip tests must be performed. This involves activation of protection
functions or tripping outputs with the circuit breaker closed and the tripping of the
breaker verified. When several breakers are involved, each breaker must be
checked individually and it must be verified that the other involved breakers are
not tripped at the same time.

15.2

Periodic maintenance tests


The periodicity of all tests depends on several factors, for example the importance
of the installation, environmental conditions, simple or complex equipment, static
or electromechanical IEDs, and so on.
The normal maintenance praxis of the user should be followed. However, ABB's
recommendation is as follows:
Every second to third year

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Visual inspection of all equipment.


Removal of dust on ventilation louvres and IEDs if necessary.
Periodic maintenance test for protection IEDs of object where no redundant
protections are provided.

Every four to six years

Periodic maintenance test for protection IEDs of objects with redundant


protection system.
First maintenance test should always be carried out after the first
half year of service.

When protection IEDs are combined with built-in control, the test
interval can be increased drastically, up to for instance 15 years,
because the IED continuously reads service values, operates the
breakers, and so on.

15.2.1

Visual inspection
Prior to testing, the protection IEDs should be inspected to detect any visible
damage that may have occurred (for example, dirt or moisture deposits,
overheating). Should burned contacts be observed when inspecting the IEDs, a
diamond file or an extremely fine file can be used to polish the contacts. Emery
cloth or similar products must not be used as insulating grains of abrasive may be
deposited on the contact surfaces and cause failure.
Make sure that all IEDs are equipped with covers.

15.2.2

Maintenance tests
To be made after the first half year of service, then with the cycle as proposed
above and after any suspected maloperation or change of the IED setting.
Testing of protection IEDs shall preferably be made with the primary circuit deenergized. The IED cannot protect the circuit during testing. Trained personnel
may test one IED at a time on live circuits where redundant protection is installed
and de-energization of the primary circuit is not allowed.
ABB protection IEDs are preferably tested by aid of components from the
COMBITEST testing system described in information B03-9510 E. Main
components are RTXP 8/18/24 test switch located to the left in each protection IED
and RTXH 8/18/24 test handle, which is inserted in test switch at secondary
testing. All necessary operations such as opening of trip circuits, short-circuiting of

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Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system

current circuits and opening of voltage circuits are automatically performed in the
right order to allow for simple and safe secondary testing even with the object in
service.

15.2.2.1

Preparation
Before starting maintenance testing, the test engineers should scrutinize applicable
circuit diagrams and have the following documentation available:

15.2.2.2

Test instructions for protection IEDs to be tested


Test records from previous commissioning and maintenance tests
List of valid settings
Blank test records to fill in measured values

Recording
It is of utmost importance to carefully record the test results. Special test sheets
covering the frequency of test, date of test and achieved test values should be used.
IED setting list and protocols from previous tests should be available and all results
should be compared for differences. At component failures, spare equipment is
used and set to the requested value. A note of the exchange is made and the new
measured values are recorded. Test records for several years of testing should be
stored in a common file for a station, or a part of a station, to give a simple
overview of the period of testing and achieved test values. These test records are
valuable when analysis of service disturbances shall be done.

15.2.2.3

Secondary injection
The periodic maintenance test is done by secondary injection from a portable test
set. Each protection shall be tested according to the secondary injection test
information for the specific protection IED. Only the setting values adopted shall
be checked for each protection function. If the discrepancy between obtained value
and requested set value is too big the setting should be adjusted, the new value
recorded and a note should be made in the test record.

15.2.2.4

Alarm test
When inserting the test handle the alarm and event signalling is normally blocked.
This is done in the IED by setting the event reporting to Off during the test. This
can be done when the test handle is inserted or the IED is set to test mode from the
local HMI. At the end of the secondary injection test it should be checked that the
event and alarm signalling is correct by activating the events and performing some
selected tests.

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15.2.2.5

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Self supervision check


Once secondary testing has been completed, it should be checked that no selfsupervision signals are activated continuously or sporadically. Especially check the
time synchronization system, GPS or other, and communication signals, both
station communication and remote communication.

15.2.2.6

Trip circuit check


When the protection IED undergoes an operational check, a tripping pulse is
normally obtained on one or more of the output contacts and preferably on the test
switch. The healthy circuit is of utmost importance for the protection operation. If
the circuit is not provided with a continuous trip-circuit supervision, it is possible
to check that circuit is really closed when the test-plug handle has been removed by
using a high-ohmic voltmeter and measuring between the plus and the trip output
on the panel. The measurement is then done through the tripping magnet of the
circuit breaker and therefore the complete tripping circuit is checked.
Note that the breaker must be closed.

Please observe that the test system does not provide built-in
security during this test. If the instrument should be set on Amp
instead of Volts, the circuit breaker naturally is tripped, therefore,
great care is necessary.
Trip circuit from trip IEDs to circuit breaker is often supervised by trip-circuit
supervision. It can then be checked that a circuit is healthy by opening tripping
output terminals in the cubicle. When the terminal is opened, an alarm shall be
achieved on the signal system after a delay of some seconds.
Remember to close the circuit directly after the test and tighten the
terminal carefully.

15.2.2.7

Measurement of service currents


After a maintenance test it is recommended to measure the service currents and
service voltages recorded by the protection IED. The service values are checked on
the local HMI or in PCM600. Ensure that the correct values and angles between
voltages and currents are recorded. Also check the direction of directional
functions such as Distance and directional overcurrent functions.
For transformer differential protection, the achieved differential current value is
dependent on the tap changer position and can vary between less than 1% up to

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Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system

perhaps 10% of rated current. For line differential functions, the capacitive
charging currents can normally be recorded as a differential current.
The zero-sequence current to earth-fault protection IEDs should be measured. The
current amounts normally very small but normally it is possible to see if the current
circuit is "alive".
The neutral-point voltage to an earth-fault protection IED is checked. The voltage
is normally 0.1 to 1V secondary. However, voltage can be considerably higher due
to harmonics. Normally a CVT secondary can have around 2.5 - 3% third-harmonic
voltage.

15.2.2.8

Restoring
Maintenance is very important to improve the availability of the protection system
by detecting failures before the protection is required to operate. There is however
little point in testing healthy equipment and then putting it back into service with
an open terminal, with a removed fuse or open miniature circuit breaker with an
open connection, wrong setting, and so on.
Thus a list should be prepared of all items disturbed during test so that all can be
put back into service quickly and without overlooking something. It should be put
back into service item by item and signed by the responsible engineer.

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Section 17
Fault tracing and repair

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Section 17

Fault tracing and repair

About this chapter


This chapter describes how to carry out fault tracing and if necessary, a change of
circuit board.

16.1

Fault tracing

16.1.1

Information on the local HMI


If an internal fault has occurred, the local HMI displays information under Main
menu/Diagnostics/IED status/General
Under the Diagnostics menus, indications of a possible internal failure (serious
fault) or internal warning (minor problem) are listed.
Indications regarding the faulty unit are outlined in table 19.
Table 19:
HMI Signal Name:

Self-supervision signals on the local HMI


Status

Description

INT Fail

OFF / ON

This signal will be active if one or more


of the following internal signals are
active; INT--NUMFAIL, INT-LMDERROR, INT--WATCHDOG, INT-APPERROR, INT--RTEERROR, INT-FTFERROR, or any of the HW
dependent signals

INT Warning

OFF / ON

This signal will be active if one or more


of the following internal signals are
active; INT--RTCERROR, INT-IEC61850ERROR, INT-TIMESYNCHERROR

NUM Fail

OFF / ON

This signal will be active if one or more


of the following internal signals are
active; INT--WATCHDOG, INT-APPERROR, INT--RTEERROR, INT-FTFERROR

NUM Warning

OFF / ON

This signal will be active if one or more


of the following internal signals are
active; INT--RTCERROR, INT-IEC61850ERROR

ADMnn

READY / FAIL

Analog input module n failed. Signal


activation will reset the IED

BIMnn

READY / FAIL

BIM error. Binary input module Error


status. Signal activation will reset the IED

Table continues on next page

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HMI Signal Name:

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Status

Description

BOMn

READY / FAIL

BOM error. Binary output module Error


status.

IOMn

READY / FAIL

IOM-error. Input/Output Module Error


status.

MIMn

READY / FAIL

mA input module MIM1 failed. Signal


activation will reset the IED

RTC

READY / FAIL

This signal will be active when there is a


hardware error with the real time clock.

Time Sync

READY / FAIL

This signal will be active when the


source of the time synchronization is
lost, or when the time system has to
make a time reset.

Application

READY / FAIL

This signal will be active if one or more


of the application threads are not in the
state that Runtime Engine expects. The
states can be CREATED, INITIALIZED,
RUNNING, etc.

RTE

READY / FAIL

This signal will be active if the Runtime


Engine failed to do some actions with the
application threads. The actions can be
loading of settings or parameters for
components, changing of setting groups,
loading or unloading of application
threads.

IEC61850

READY / FAIL

This signal will be active if the IEC61850


stack did not succeed in some actions
like reading IEC61850 configuration,
startup etc.

LMD

READY / FAIL

LON network interface, MIP/DPS, is in


an unrecoverable error state.

LDCMxxx

READY / FAIL

Line Differential Communication Error


status

OEM

READY / FAIL

Optical Ethernet Module error status.

Also the internal signals, such as INT--FAIL and INT--WARNING can be


connected to binary output contacts for signalling to a control room.
In the IED Status - Information, the present information from the self-supervision
function can be viewed. Indications of failure or warnings for each hardware
module are provided, as well as information about the external time
synchronization and the internal clock. All according to table 19. Loss of time
synchronization can be considered as a warning only. The IED has full
functionality without time synchronization.

16.1.2

Using front-connected PC
Here, two summary signals appear, self-supervision summary and numerical
module status summary. These signals can be compared to the internal signals as:

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Self-supervision summary = INT--FAIL and INT--WARNING


CPU-module status summary = INT--NUMFAIL and INT--NUMWARN

When an internal fault has occurred, extensive information about the fault can be
retrieved from the list of internal events available in the SMS part:
TRM-STAT TermStatus - Internal Events
The list of internal events provides valuable information, which can be used during
commissioning and fault tracing.
The internal events are time tagged with a resolution of 1ms and stored in a list.
The list can store up to 40 events. The list is based on the FIFO principle, when it is
full, the oldest event is overwritten. The list cannot be cleared and its content
cannot be erased.
The internal events in this list not only refer to faults in the IED, but also to other
activities, such as change of settings, clearing of disturbance reports, and loss of
external time synchronization.
The information can only be retrieved from the Parameter Setting software
package. The PC can be connected either to the port at the front or at the rear of the
IED.
These events are logged as internal events.
Table 20:

Events available for the internal event list in the IED

Event message:
INT--FAIL

Description
Off

Internal fail status

INT--FAIL
INT--WARNING

Off

Internal warning status

Off

Numerical module fatal error


status

Off

Numerical module non-fatal


error status

Off

In/Out module No. n status

Off

Analog/Digital module No. n


status

ADMn-Error (reset event)


ADMn-Error (set event)

Off

mA-input module status

MIM1-Error
INT--RTC

IOn--Error (reset event)


IOn--Error (set event)

ADMn-Error
MIM1-Error

INT--NUMWARN (reset
event)
INT--NUMWARN (set event)

IOn--Error
ADMn-Error

INT--NUMFAIL (reset event)


INT--NUMFAIL (set event)

INT--NUMWARN
IOn--Error

lNT--WARNING (reset event)


lNT--WARNING (set event)

INT--NUMFAIL
INT--NUMWARN

INT--FAIL (reset event)


INT--FAIL (set event)

INT--WARNING
INT--NUMFAIL

Generating signal:

MIM1-Error (reset event)


MIM1-Error (set event)

Off

INT--RTC

Real Time Clock (RTC) status

INT--RTC (reset event)


INT--RTC (set event)

Table continues on next page


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Event message:

Description

INT--TSYNC

Off

Generating signal:

External time synchronization


status

INT--TSYNC

INT--TSYNC (reset event)


INT--TSYNC (set event)

INT--SETCHGD

Any settings in IED changed

DRPC-CLEARED

All disturbances in Disturbance


report cleared

The events in the internal event list are time tagged with a resolution of 1ms.
This means that, when using the PC for fault tracing, it provides information on the:

16.2

Module that should be changed.


Sequence of faults, if more than one unit is faulty.
Exact time when the fault occurred.

Repair instruction
Never disconnect the secondary connection of a current transformer
circuit without short-circuiting the transformers secondary
winding. Operating a current transformer with the secondary
winding open will cause a massive potential build up that may
damage the transformer and may cause injuries to humans.

Never connect or disconnect a wire and/or a connector to or from a


IED during normal service. Hazardous voltages and currents are
present that may be lethal. Operation may be disrupted and IED and
measuring circuitry may be damaged.
An alternative is to open the IED and send only the faulty circuit board to ABB for
repair. When a printed circuit board is sent to ABB, it must always be placed in a
metallic, ESD-proof, protection bag. The user can also purchase separate
replacement modules.
Strictly follow the company and country safety regulations.

Most electronic components are sensitive to electrostatic discharge and latent


damage may occur. Please observe usual procedures for handling electronics and
also use an ESD wrist strap. A semi-conducting layer must be placed on the
workbench and connected to earth.
Disassemble and reassemble the IED accordingly:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Switch off the dc supply.


Short-circuit the current transformers and disconnect all current and voltage
connections from the IED.
Disconnect all signal wires by removing the female connectors.
Disconnect the optical fibers.
Unscrew the main back plate of the IED.
If the transformer module is to be changed:

Remove the IED from the panel if necessary.


Remove the rear plate of the IED.
Remove the front plate.
Remove the screws of the transformer input module, both front and rear.

7.
8.
9.

Pull out the faulty module.


Check that the new module has a correct identity number.
Check that the springs on the card rail are connected to the corresponding
metallic area on the circuit board when the new module is inserted.
10. Reassemble the IED.
If the IED has been calibrated with the system inputs, the calibration procedure
must be performed again to maintain the total system accuracy.

16.3

Repair support
If an IED needs to be repaired, the whole IED must be removed and sent to an
ABB Logistic Center. Before returning the material, an inquiry must be sent to the
ABB Logistic Center.
e-mail: [email protected]

16.4

Maintenance
The IED is self-supervised. No special maintenance is required.
Instructions from the power network company and other maintenance directives
valid for maintenance of the power system must be followed.

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Section 18
Glossary

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

Section 18

Glossary

About this chapter


This chapter contains a glossary with terms, acronyms and abbreviations used in
ABB technical documentation.
AC

Alternating current

ACT

Application configuration tool within PCM600

A/D converter

Analog-to-digital converter

ADBS

Amplitude deadband supervision

ADM

Analog digital conversion module, with time synchronization

AI

Analog input

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

AR

Autoreclosing

ArgNegRes

Setting parameter/ZD/

ArgDir

Setting parameter/ZD/

ASCT

Auxiliary summation current transformer

ASD

Adaptive signal detection

AWG

American Wire Gauge standard

BBP

Busbar protection

BFP

Breaker failure protection

BI

Binary input

BIM

Binary input module

BOM

Binary output module

BOS

Binary outputs status

BR

External bistable relay

BS

British Standards

BSR

Binary signal transfer function, receiver blocks

BST

Binary signal transfer function, transmit blocks

C37.94

IEEE/ANSI protocol used when sending binary signals


between IEDs

CAN

Controller Area Network. ISO standard (ISO 11898) for


serial communication

CB

Circuit breaker
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Glossary

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

CBM

Combined backplane module

CCITT

Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and


Telephony. A United Nations-sponsored standards body
within the International Telecommunications Union.

CCM

CAN carrier module

CCVT

Capacitive Coupled Voltage Transformer

Class C

Protection Current Transformer class as per IEEE/ ANSI

CMPPS

Combined megapulses per second

CMT

Communication Management tool in PCM600

CO cycle

Close-open cycle

Codirectional

Way of transmitting G.703 over a balanced line. Involves


two twisted pairs making it possible to transmit information
in both directions

COMTRADE

Standard format according to IEC 60255-24

Contra-directional

Way of transmitting G.703 over a balanced line. Involves


four twisted pairs, two of which are used for transmitting
data in both directions and two for transmitting clock signals

CPU

Central processor unit

CR

Carrier receive

CRC

Cyclic redundancy check

CROB

Control relay output block

CS

Carrier send

CT

Current transformer

CVT

Capacitive voltage transformer

DAR

Delayed autoreclosing

DARPA

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (The US


developer of the TCP/IP protocol etc.)

DBDL

Dead bus dead line

DBLL

Dead bus live line

DC

Direct current

DFC

Data flow control

DFT

Discrete Fourier transform

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DIP-switch

Small switch mounted on a printed circuit board

DI

Digital input

DLLB

Dead line live bus

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Glossary

1MRK 505 210-UEN C

DNP

Distributed Network Protocol as per IEEE/ANSI Std.


1379-2000

DR

Disturbance recorder

DRAM

Dynamic random access memory

DRH

Disturbance report handler

DSP

Digital signal processor

DTT

Direct transfer trip scheme

EHV network

Extra high voltage network

EIA

Electronic Industries Association

EMC

Electromagnetic compatibility

EMF

(Electric Motive Force)

EMI

Electromagnetic interference

EnFP

End fault protection

EPA

Enhanced performance architecture

ESD

Electrostatic discharge

FCB

Flow control bit; Frame count bit

FOX 20

Modular 20 channel telecommunication system for speech,


data and protection signals

FOX 512/515

Access multiplexer

FOX 6Plus

Compact time-division multiplexer for the transmission of


up to seven duplex channels of digital data over optical fibers

G.703

Electrical and functional description for digital lines used


by local telephone companies. Can be transported over
balanced and unbalanced lines

GCM

Communication interface module with carrier of GPS


receiver module

GDE

Graphical display editor within PCM600

GI

General interrogation command

GIS

Gas-insulated switchgear

GOOSE

Generic object-oriented substation event

GPS

Global positioning system

GSAL

Generic security application

GTM

GPS Time Module

HDLC protocol

High-level data link control, protocol based on the HDLC


standard

HFBR connector
type

Plastic fiber connector


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HMI

Human-machine interface

HSAR

High speed autoreclosing

HV

High-voltage

HVDC

High-voltage direct current

IDBS

Integrating deadband supervision

IEC

International Electrical Committee

IEC 60044-6

IEC Standard, Instrument transformers Part 6:


Requirements for protective current transformers for
transient performance

IEC 60870-5-103

Communication standard for protective equipment. A serial


master/slave protocol for point-to-point communication

IEC 61850

Substation automation communication standard

IEC 6185081

Communication protocol standard

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IEEE 802.12

A network technology standard that provides 100 Mbits/s


on twisted-pair or optical fiber cable

IEEE P1386.1

PCI Mezzanine Card (PMC) standard for local bus


modules. References the CMC (IEEE P1386, also known as
Common Mezzanine Card) standard for the mechanics and
the PCI specifications from the PCI SIG (Special Interest
Group) for the electrical EMF (Electromotive force).

IEEE 1686

Standard for Substation Intelligent Electronic Devices


(IEDs) Cyber Security Capabilities

IED

Intelligent electronic device

I-GIS

Intelligent gas-insulated switchgear

IOM

Binary input/output module

Instance

When several occurrences of the same function are


available in the IED, they are referred to as instances of that
function. One instance of a function is identical to another
of the same kind but has a different number in the IED user
interfaces. The word "instance" is sometimes defined as an
item of information that is representative of a type. In the
same way an instance of a function in the IED is
representative of a type of function.

IP

1. Internet protocol. The network layer for the TCP/IP


protocol suite widely used on Ethernet networks. IP is a
connectionless, best-effort packet-switching protocol. It
provides packet routing, fragmentation and reassembly
through the data link layer.
2. Ingression protection, according to IEC standard

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Glossary

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IP 20

Ingression protection, according to IEC standard, level 20

IP 40

Ingression protection, according to IEC standard, level 40

IP 54

Ingression protection, according to IEC standard, level 54

IRF

Internal failure signal

IRIG-B:

InterRange Instrumentation Group Time code format B,


standard 200

ITU

International Telecommunications Union

LAN

Local area network

LIB 520

High-voltage software module

LCD

Liquid crystal display

LDCM

Line differential communication module

LDD

Local detection device

LED

Light-emitting diode

LNT

LON network tool

LON

Local operating network

MCB

Miniature circuit breaker

MCM

Mezzanine carrier module

MIM

Milli-ampere module

MPM

Main processing module

MVB

Multifunction vehicle bus. Standardized serial bus


originally developed for use in trains.

NCC

National Control Centre

NUM

Numerical module

OCO cycle

Open-close-open cycle

OCP

Overcurrent protection

OEM

Optical ethernet module

OLTC

On-load tap changer

OV

Over-voltage

Overreach

A term used to describe how the relay behaves during a


fault condition. For example, a distance relay is
overreaching when the impedance presented to it is smaller
than the apparent impedance to the fault applied to the
balance point, that is, the set reach. The relay sees the
fault but perhaps it should not have seen it.

PCI

Peripheral component interconnect, a local data bus

PCM

Pulse code modulation


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PCM600

Protection and control IED manager

PC-MIP

Mezzanine card standard

PMC

PCI Mezzanine card

POR

Permissive overreach

POTT

Permissive overreach transfer trip

Process bus

Bus or LAN used at the process level, that is, in near


proximity to the measured and/or controlled components

PSM

Power supply module

PST

Parameter setting tool within PCM600

PT ratio

Potential transformer or voltage transformer ratio

PUTT

Permissive underreach transfer trip

RASC

Synchrocheck relay, COMBIFLEX

RCA

Relay characteristic angle

RFPP

Resistance for phase-to-phase faults

RFPE

Resistance for phase-to-earth faults

RISC

Reduced instruction set computer

RMS value

Root mean square value

RS422

A balanced serial interface for the transmission of digital


data in point-to-point connections

RS485

Serial link according to EIA standard RS485

RTC

Real-time clock

RTU

Remote terminal unit

SA

Substation Automation

SBO

Select-before-operate

SC

Switch or push button to close

SCS

Station control system

SCADA

Supervision, control and data acquisition

SCT

System configuration tool according to standard IEC 61850

SDU

Service data unit

SLM

Serial communication module. Used for SPA/LON/IEC/


DNP3 communication.

SMA connector

Subminiature version A, A threaded connector with


constant impedance.

SMT

Signal matrix tool within PCM600

SMS

Station monitoring system

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SNTP

Simple network time protocol is used to synchronize


computer clocks on local area networks. This reduces the
requirement to have accurate hardware clocks in every
embedded system in a network. Each embedded node can
instead synchronize with a remote clock, providing the
required accuracy.

SPA

Strmberg protection acquisition, a serial master/slave


protocol for point-to-point communication

SRY

Switch for CB ready condition

ST

Switch or push button to trip

Starpoint

Neutral point of transformer or generator

SVC

Static VAr compensation

TC

Trip coil

TCS

Trip circuit supervision

TCP

Transmission control protocol. The most common transport


layer protocol used on Ethernet and the Internet.

TCP/IP

Transmission control protocol over Internet Protocol. The


de facto standard Ethernet protocols incorporated into
4.2BSD Unix. TCP/IP was developed by DARPA for
Internet working and encompasses both network layer and
transport layer protocols. While TCP and IP specify two
protocols at specific protocol layers, TCP/IP is often used
to refer to the entire US Department of Defense protocol
suite based upon these, including Telnet, FTP, UDP and
RDP.

TEF

Time delayed earth-fault protection function

TNC connector

Threaded Neill-Concelman, a threaded constant impedance


version of a BNC connector

TPZ, TPY, TPX,


TPS

Current transformer class according to IEC

UMT

User management tool

Underreach

A term used to describe how the relay behaves during a


fault condition. For example, a distance relay is
underreaching when the impedance presented to it is
greater than the apparent impedance to the fault applied to
the balance point, that is, the set reach. The relay does not
see the fault but perhaps it should have seen it. See also
Overreach.

UTC

Coordinated Universal Time. A coordinated time scale,


maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et
Mesures (BIPM), which forms the basis of a coordinated
dissemination of standard frequencies and time signals.
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UTC is derived from International Atomic Time (TAI) by


the addition of a whole number of "leap seconds" to
synchronize it with Universal Time 1 (UT1), thus allowing
for the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit, the rotational axis
tilt (23.5 degrees), but still showing the Earth's irregular
rotation, on which UT1 is based. The Coordinated
Universal Time is expressed using a 24-hour clock, and
uses the Gregorian calendar. It is used for aeroplane and
ship navigation, where it is also sometimes known by the
military name, "Zulu time." "Zulu" in the phonetic alphabet
stands for "Z", which stands for longitude zero.
UV

Undervoltage

WEI

Weak end infeed logic

VT

Voltage transformer

X.21

A digital signalling interface primarily used for telecom


equipment

3IO

Three times zero-sequence current. Often referred to as the


residual or the earth-fault current

3UO

Three times the zero sequence voltage. Often referred to as


the residual voltage or the neutral point voltage

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187

ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Vsters, Sweden
Phone
+46 (0) 21 32 50 00
Fax
+46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation

1MRK 505 210-UEN C Copyright 2012 ABB. All rights reserved.

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