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    4 43136 AST0130372 80211ac Posterpdf

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    masimnaseer
    The document discusses the 802.11ac Wi-Fi standard which achieves high data rates over 1Gbps using methods like MU-MIMO and channel bonding up to 160MHz. It provides details on data rates, modulation techniques, and how MU-MIMO processing works to concurrently transmit multiple spatial streams to different devices.

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    4 43136 AST0130372 80211ac Posterpdf

    Uploaded by

    masimnaseer
    42 views1 page
    The document discusses the 802.11ac Wi-Fi standard which achieves high data rates over 1Gbps using methods like MU-MIMO and channel bonding up to 160MHz. It provides details on data rates, modulation techniques, and how MU-MIMO processing works to concurrently transmit multiple spatial streams to different devices.

    Original Description:

    802.11 ac DEMYSTIFIED

    Original Title

    4_43136_AST0130372_80211ac_Posterpdf

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    The document discusses the 802.11ac Wi-Fi standard which achieves high data rates over 1Gbps using methods like MU-MIMO and channel bonding up to 160MHz. It provides details on data rates, modulation techniques, and how MU-MIMO processing works to concurrently transmit multiple spatial streams to different devices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    42 views1 page

    4 43136 AST0130372 80211ac Posterpdf

    Uploaded by

    masimnaseer
    The document discusses the 802.11ac Wi-Fi standard which achieves high data rates over 1Gbps using methods like MU-MIMO and channel bonding up to 160MHz. It provides details on data rates, modulation techniques, and how MU-MIMO processing works to concurrently transmit multiple spatial streams to different devices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Wi-Fi

    REFERENCE

    Update
    802.11ac DEMYSTIFIED

    TM

    SERIES

    Ratification
    Year

    The 802.11ac standard achieves its performance


    boost primarily via the following methods:
    Exclusive use of 5GHz spectrum
    Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO)
    Channel Bonding 80MHz and 160MHz channels
    Bonding of non-contiguous channels
    Improved PHY design 256 QAM

    IEEE
    Standard

    1997

    802.11

    1999

    802.11a

    Band
    2.4GHz 5GHz

    Channel
    Bandwidth

    X
    X

    Radio
    Design

    Max Spatial
    Streams

    IEEE 802.11ac data rates are dependent on the number of spatial streams obtained through the use
    of MU-MIMO, 80 vs. 160MHz channel widths, the number of transmit antennas, and the type of
    modulation. This table shows the maximum data rate achievable at each level, with many additional
    lower rates occurring at each level dependent on signal level, SNR, etc.
    Phase 1 802.11ac, rst available in consumer products in 2012 and enterprise products in 2013,
    support up to 80MHz channels and up to 3 spatial streams for a maximum data rate of 1.3Gbps.
    Phase 2 and beyond products, expected starting in 2014, will add 160MHz channels and up to
    8 spatial streams for a maximum data rate of 6.9Gbps.

    Max Data
    Rate

    20MHz

    SISO

    2Mbps

    20MHz

    SISO

    54Mbps

    1999

    802.11b

    20MHz

    SISO

    11Mbps

    2003

    802.11g

    20MHz

    SISO

    54Mbps

    2009

    802.11n

    20/40MHz

    MIMO

    600Mbps

    2014*

    802.11ac

    20/40/80/160 MHz

    MIMO

    6.93Gbps

    Phase

    64-QAM

    * Planned to be ratied

    # Transmit
    Antennas

    Bandwidth
    (MHz)

    #
    Streams

    293Mbps

    40

    64QAM

    80

    256QAM

    867Mbps

    80

    256QAM

    1.299Gbps

    80

    256QAM

    1.730Gbps

    80

    256QAM

    3.470Gbps

    80

    256QAM

    867Mbps

    160

    256QAM

    1.730Gbps

    160

    256QAM

    3.470Gbps

    160

    256QAM

    6.930Gbps

    160

    256QAM

    MU-MIMO SIGNAL PROCESSING

    +7

    Modulation

    433Mbps

    256-QAM

    Maximum
    Data Rate

    Up to eight spatial streams

    +5

    +3

    Phase 1

    +1
    -7

    -5

    -3

    -1

    I
    +1

    +3

    +5

    +7

    -1

    -3

    Phase 2+

    -5

    -7

    MIMO DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

    MU-MIMO (multi-user multiple in multiple out) signal processing uses multiple antennas on the transmitter and receiver operating on the same channel. With spatial multiplexing in 802.11ac, up to 8 data streams may be concurrently transmitted and split between multiple devices at once.
    Higher data rates are achieved by splitting transmitter station streams into separate data streams; each transmitted on a different antenna. MIMO signal processing at the receiver detects and recovers each stream.

    Tx 1

    Rx 1

    Tx 2

    Number of
    AP Antennas

    Rx 2

    Data Stream

    Tx 3

    Possible Combinations
    of Receiver Antennas
    1 station w/ 2 antennas -or2 stations w/ 1 antenna

    1 station w/ 3 antennas -or1 station w/ 2 antennas + 1 station w/ 1 antenna -or3 stations w/ 1 antenna

    1 station w/4 antennas -or2 stations w/2 antennas -or1 station w/2 antennas + 2 stations w/1 antenna -or4 stations w/ 1 antenna

    MIMO Processed Signal

    Antenna 1 Signal
    Antenna 2 Signal

    Receiver

    1 station w/ 8 antennas -or2 stations w/ 4 antennas or1 station w/ 4 antennas + 2 stations w/ 2 antennas -or2 stations w/ 2 antennas + 4 stations w/1 antenna -or many others

    Data Stream

    Tx 4

    802.11ac increases the number of antennas and spatial streams from a maximum of four in 802.11n to a maximum of eight, contributing
    to much higher maximum data rates (up to 6.93Gbit/s). The spatial streams can be concurrently allocated to more than one receiving
    device when the AP operates in multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) mode.

    Rx 3

    Spatial Streams

    Multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) signal processing uses multiple antennas, taking advantage of multipath reections to improve signal
    coherence that greatly increases receiver sensitivity. MIMO digital signal processing creates an enhanced signal that eliminates nulls
    and fading.

    Rx 1

    Attenuation

    Transmitter
    (Access
    Point)

    Data Stream

    Wi-Fi utilizes several digital modulation techniques and automatically switches between them to optimize for throughput or
    range. The number of points in the modulation constellation determines the number of bits conveyed with each symbol.
    802.11n uses 16 QAM modulation, which conveys log2(16) = 4 bits/symbol and 64 QAM, which conveys 6 bits/symbol.
    802.11ac adds 256 QAM which transfers 8 bits/symbol for a 33% increase in throughput at the highest data rate over 802.11n.

    de

    Wireless LANs are implemented by a set of IEEE 802.11 standards. The rst of these standards was ratied by
    the IEEE in 1997 and supported up to 2Mbps connectivity. The 802.11n standard provided a signicant jump
    in data rates by moving from a SISO to MIMO radio design along with other improvements like channel
    bonding. The 802.11ac standards provides further improvements in data rates with MU-MIMO and channel
    bonding up to 160MHz.

    PHY

    itu

    802.11ac is a new very high throughput Wi-Fi


    standard (final approval in 2014). It delivers data
    rates in excess of 1Gbps in its first phase of products
    with future iterations planned to take performance
    to nearly 7Gbps. 802.11ac maintains backward
    compatibility with existing 802.11 equipment to
    simplify network migration to the new technology.

    DATA RATES

    pl

    802.11 STANDARDS REFERENCE

    Am

    OVERVIEW

    Antenna 3 Signal

    Antenna 4 Signal

    Frequency Across Subcarriers

    GLOSSARY

    CHANNEL BONDING

    36

    40

    UNII-2

    44

    48

    52

    56

    5825MHz

    5725MHz

    5470MHz

    5250MHz

    5150MHz

    UNII-1

    Frequency
    Channel
    Number

    5350MHz

    Wi-Fi bandwidth can be increased by bonding multiple channels together. 802.11ac allows creation of 20, 40, 80, or 160 MHz wide channels. The 160MHz channel can also be a combination of two non-contiguous 80MHz channels (80+80). Although channel bonding increases bandwidth,
    wider channels are more susceptible to signal interference which may lead to reduced range and poorer signal quality.

    UNII-2e

    60

    64

    100

    104

    108

    112

    116

    120

    124

    UNII-3

    128

    132

    136

    140

    144

    149

    153

    157

    161

    Channel Bandwidth

    20MHz
    2-20MHz
    bonded channels

    40MHz
    2-40MHz
    bonded channels

    DFSDynamic Frequency Selection

    SISOSingle Input, Single Output

    GIGuard Interval

    SNRSignal-to-Noise Ratio

    HTHigh Throughput (802.11n)

    SSSpatial Stream

    MCSModulation and Coding Scheme

    SUSingle User

    MIMOMultiple Input, Multiple Output

    TxTransmit

    MUMulti-User

    TxBFTransmit Beamforming

    MU-MIMOMulti-User MIMO

    UNIIUnlicensed National Information


    Infrastructure

    165

    PHYPhysical Layer (OSI model)

    80MHz
    2-80MHz
    bonded channels

    QAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation

    160MHz

    RxReceive
    DFS: Channels 52-64, 100-144, 5250MHz 5725MHz

    P9.v1 2013 Xirrus. All Rights Reserved. Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance.

    +805.262.1600 800.947.7871 [email protected] www.xirrus.com

    VHTVery High Throughput (802.11ac)


    WFAWi-Fi Alliance

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