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Lecture 10 (DC Motors III) - Overhead

The document discusses DC motors with multiple loops on the armature and describes various tests that can be performed on DC motors to determine key parameters like resistance, voltage constant, torque constant, friction constant and inertia. These include locked rotor test, open circuit test, no load test and stopping transient test. Efficiency and speed regulation of DC motors are also covered.

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werewaro
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59 views10 pages

Lecture 10 (DC Motors III) - Overhead

The document discusses DC motors with multiple loops on the armature and describes various tests that can be performed on DC motors to determine key parameters like resistance, voltage constant, torque constant, friction constant and inertia. These include locked rotor test, open circuit test, no load test and stopping transient test. Efficiency and speed regulation of DC motors are also covered.

Uploaded by

werewaro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of British Columbia

EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

DC Machines III
Multi-Looped Machines
So far we have shown the

loop DC Machine

Machines typically have multiple armature loops


loop DC Machine:

Nathan Ozog 2013

Page 1 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Armature Reaction
Field flux is
current, i.e. Ia=

to the rotor when there is no armature

Induces a given voltage in the armature

e1 = K a 1
Armature currtent produces a flux that interacts with the field flux
According to Amperes Law
Causes distortion of the flux

Non zero current, Ia>0, results in a

effective flux,

2 < 1

e 2 = K a 2
A smaller armature voltage (back emf) produced

Nathan Ozog 2013

Page 2 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Machine Parameters and Tests


Locked Rotor Test
To determine machine resistances

Measurements:

ea = Because no armature motion

Vt = I a Ra Ra =
Important to not exceed rated
Terminal voltage must be quite

Nathan Ozog 2013

Vf = I f Rf Rf =
current
.

Page 3 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Open Circuit Test I


To determine machine Voltage constant K v

Measurements:

Ia = 0
Because no armature current
m = [0 K rated ]
I f = const
ea = I f Laf m
Vt =
=
K v is another notation used
Usually for permanent magnet machines

Kv =

Nathan Ozog 2013

ea

Page 4 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Open Circuit Test II


To determine Laf

Measurements:

Ia =
I f = 0 K I f rated

Because no armature current

m =
Vt = ea

ea = I f Laf m Laf =

Laf is non-linear
Reluctance is mostly from air gap, until core saturates

Laf =

Nathan Ozog 2013

ea
I f m

Page 5 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

No Load Test
To determine frictional constant K fric

Measurements:

Assume we know Ra or K v

Tm =
I f = 0 K I f rated

No load torque

]
Pe = Pm
Pm = Tmm =

Pe = ea I a =

Assume T fric = T fric ( m ) = K fric m , i.e.

or

friction is a function of speed

Pm = K fricm

Pe = ea I a =

K vm I a = K fricm

K fric =

or
2

I aVt I a Ra = K fricm

Nathan Ozog 2013

K fric =

Page 6 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Stopping Transient Test


To determine Inertia J m

Measurements:

Assume we know K fric

Te = Tm + K fricm + J

dm
dt

ea = K vm

K fricm = J

=J
t

ea
K fric m = J
K v t

Nathan Ozog 2013

Page 7 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Efficiency
We have the following electrical losses:
Armature:
Field:
And mechanical losses

Nathan Ozog 2013

Page 8 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Speed Regulation

A measure of how the motor will respond to load

SR =

n
n

Some Notes on Units


Rotational Velocity
RPM

m - [rad / sec] .

[rev / sec]
m=
2
n=

Nathan Ozog 2013

30

[rev / min = rpm]

Page 9 of 10

University of British Columbia


EECE 365 Winter 2012

Elec Machines & Electronics


Lecture 10: DC Motors III

Voltage Regulation

A measure of how the motor will respond to load

VR =

Vt ,

Vt ,
Vt ,

Vt ,oc Vt ,rated
VR =
Vt ,rated

Motor Starting
At onset of starting there is no motion
No back
Motor current will be equal to I a =

Nathan Ozog 2013

Page 10 of 10

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