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CHEMISTRY Assignment Class 9 CBSE

Water in the air comes from various sources and undergoes evaporation when heated by the sun. Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into vapor below its boiling point. Several factors affect the rate of evaporation, including temperature, humidity, surface area, and wind. Some substances like camphor and naphthalene undergo sublimation, where they change directly from a solid to vapor without becoming liquid, and vice versa. Dry ice is an example of a substance that sublimates, as it turns from solid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide upon heating.

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2K views3 pages

CHEMISTRY Assignment Class 9 CBSE

Water in the air comes from various sources and undergoes evaporation when heated by the sun. Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into vapor below its boiling point. Several factors affect the rate of evaporation, including temperature, humidity, surface area, and wind. Some substances like camphor and naphthalene undergo sublimation, where they change directly from a solid to vapor without becoming liquid, and vice versa. Dry ice is an example of a substance that sublimates, as it turns from solid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide upon heating.

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CHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT

MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDING


PASSAGE 1: Evaporation
Water in the air can be in the form of vapour, rain, mist, cloud or even as snow. This water
comes from lakes, rivers, oceans and other sources. The amount of water vapour in the air
varies from place to place and from season to season. It is also more near the earth and does
not exist if we go above the lowermost layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere.
Although water vapour only forms 3 to 4 percent of air at a place, it plays a very significant
role in regulating the air temperature, formation of clouds and day to day changes in weather.
How does water change from liquid to gaseous from? Insolation heats the surface of water,
causing a part of the water to change into steam that rises up into the air as vapour. This
process of water changing into vapour on heating is called evaporation.
The phenomenon of change of a liquid into its vapour at any temperature below its
boiling point is called evaporation. Wet clothes dry up in air due to the evaporation of water.
Rate of evaporation increases with increase in temperature. The particles in a liquid have
different kinetic energies. Some particles have lower kinetic energies and other have higher
kinetic energies. The particles having higher kinetic energies at the surface of the liquid
overcome the forces of attraction of other particles, leave the surface and get converted into
vapour.
Evaporation takes place all the time and at all temperatures. It is, however, highest in hot, dry
(less humidity in air) and windy conditions. Also, the larger the area of water surface the
greater is the evaporation. Boiling on other hand occurs at boiling point of a liquid.
Q1. More is the insolation then the temperature becomes...............
a) Low

b) High

c) Moderate

d) Cool

Q2. If humidity is higher the effectiveness of sweating will...........


a) Increase

b) Not change

c) Decrease

d) Both a and b

Q3. What causes evaporation?


a) The warm sun and photosynthesis.
c) Rain and snow.

b) Perspiration and precipitation.


d) The sun and transpiration.

Q4. A liquid evaporates at --------------.


a) temperatures above its boiling point
c) temperatures below its boiling point

b) its boiling point


d) temperatures above its melting point

Q5. How do wet clothes dry-up?


a) Due to condensation

b) Due to evaporation

c) Due to surface tension

d) Due to temperature

Q6. What is the effect of temperature on evaporation?


a) Increases with temperature
b) Decreases with temperature
c) No effect of temperature
d) None of these
Q7. What type of energy do the particles have in a liquid?
a) Electrical energy
b) Potential energy
c) Kinetic energy
d) Radiation energy
Q8. Water evaporates more slowly when -----------.
a) It is placed under strong wind.
b) It has a large surface area.
c) It is placed in a hot place.
d) It is placed in a closed vessel.
Q9. When clothes dry in the air, which of the following process takes place?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Boiling
d) Melting
Q10.Which of the following statements about boiling and evaporation of water is NOT
correct?
a) Boiling happens at 100C but evaporation happens at any temperature.
b) Both boiling and evaporation require latent heat.
c) Both boiling and evaporation change a substance from liquid to gas.
d) Both boiling and evaporation happen at the surface of the liquid only.
Passage 2: Sublimation
The process in which a solid changes into vapour without changing into liquid and from
vapour changes into solid without changing into liquid is known as sublimation.
Generally solid first changes into liquid and then changes into gas because of rise in
temperature. But there are many substances, which change into gas without changing into
liquid and changes into solid from gas without changing into liquid. Such substances, which
go under sublimation, are known as sublime. For example camphor, naphthalene balls,
ammonium chloride, iodine, dry ice, etc.
The solid obtained after cooling of the gas of sublime is called Sublimate. The process of
cooling of vapour of sublime to get sublimate is also known as sublimation although it is
also known as deposition.
When camphor is heated it changes into vapour without changing into liquid. When the
vapour of camphor is cooled it changes into solid without changing into liquid.
The dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) turns into vapour without changing into liquid and is
considered as sublime. Because of this property dry ice is used to give the illusion of smoke
or cloud on the stage in movies and stage shows.

Naphthalene balls are kept with cloths and documents to protect them from insects. Since
naphthalene balls go under sublimation, hence it changes into vapour without changing into
liquid and its vapour prevent the insects to come or stay in cloths or documents. This protects
the documents and cloths to get destroyed.
We usually see that the size of naphthalene balls decrease gradually and finally disappeared
when they are kept in open. This happens because of sublimation of naphthalene.
Naphthalene balls are used in toilets also as disinfectant and air freshener and are made from
coal tar.
Q1.The conversion of solid to gas directly is called -----------.
a) Evaporation
b) Sublimation
c) Distillation
d) condensation
Q2.Which of the following substances will undergo sublimation?
a) Common salt
b) Odonil
c) Sugar
d) Sand
Q3.Which of the following substances will undergo sublimation?
a) Iodine
b) Sugar
c) Salt
d) Chalk
Q4. Dry ice on heating produces ------------.
a) Liquid CO2
c) Liquid water

b) Gas CO2
d) Water vapour

Q5. Naphthalene balls are obtained from -------------.


a) Carbon
b) Coke
c) Coal tar
d) Coal gas
Q6. Substances which under-go sublimation are called as -----------.
a) Volatile
b) Sublime
c) Sublimate
d) Dry ice
Q7. Dry ice is also known as------------.
a) Liquid CO2
c) Solid CO2

b) Gaseous CO2
d) None of these

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