Incineration Technology
Incineration Technology
Incineration Technology
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
thermally very
stable organic
substances
thermally less
stable organic
substances
100
Concentration C/Co
T R= 2 s
T R= 2 s
TR= 0,5 s
10
0,1
600
700
800
900
1000
Temperature C
rotary kiln /
afterburner
POPswaste
complete
destruction by
high temperature
combustion
Residual
emissions (e.g.
PCDD/PCDF) to
APC-train
2. Gasification
3. Liquid Injection
injection
co-injection
Incineration Temperature
Incinerator Types
rotary kiln
types
primary
chamber
secondary
chamber
1000 - 1200 C
1100 - 1400 C
cement kiln*
1600 - 2000 C
lime kiln*
1600 - 2000 C
800 - 1300 C
BGL gasifier
1400 - 1600 C
Sut
Spt
1600 - 1800 C
1500 - 1900 C
1400 - 1800 C
gasification
types
Waste Types
direct injection
liquid
injection types co-injection
Spu Snp
1.
3.
Neutralized Salts:
- From wet flue gas cleaning:
- HCl ? CaCl2, NaCl or HCl (disposal or recycling)
- SO2 ? NaSO4 or CaSO4 (disposal or recycling)
- Waste water treatment residue (disposal)
- From semi dry flue gas cleaning
- HCl/SO2? CaCl2/CaSO4/CaSO3 mixture (disposal)
4.
Liquid Waste
Tank Farm
Solid Hazardous
Waste Delivery (Bulk
and Drums)
Heat Recovery
Steam Boiler
Electrostatic
Precipitator for
Fly Ash Removal
Baghouse
Adsorber for
PCDD/PCDF
Removal
SCR System
for NOx and
PCDD/PCDF
Removal
Recuperative Heat
Exchanger for Flue
Gas Reheat
6 t/h
Residue:
Start of Operation:
1993
Wastes Accepted:
all types
Pretreatment Needs:
none
Input Limitation:
non-explosive, nonradioactive
6 t/h
electricity, steam
Residue:
Start of Operation:
Wastes Accepted:
Pretreatment Needs:
1989
all types
none
Input Limitation:
non-explosive, non
radioactive
6 t/h
Final Product:
electricity, steam,
CaCl2, gypsum
Residue:
Start of Operation:
1981
Wastes Accepted:
all types
Pretreatment Needs:
none
6 t/h
Afterburner Temperature:
1100 1200 C
Final Product:
Residue:
Start of Operation:
1996
Wastes Accepted:
all types
Input Limitation:
5 t/h
atmospheric
O2, steam
Reducing Agent:
Gasifier Temperature:
1,600 1,800 C
Final Product:
methanol (CH3OH)
Residue:
Start of Operation:
1995
Wastes Accepted:
Input Limitation:
15 t/h
25 bar
O2, steam
Reducing Agent:
coal
Gasifier Temperature:
800 1,300 C
Final Product:
methanol (CH3OH)
Residue:
Start of Operation:
1995
Wastes Accepted:
Input Limitation:
BGL-Gasification Units:
30 t/h
25 bar
O2, Steam
Reducing Agent:
Coal
Gasifier Temperature:
1400 1600 C
Final Product:
methanol (CH3OH)
Residue:
Start of Operation:
2003
Wastes Accepted:
fabric filter
clean gas
to stack or
additional gas
cleaning processes
adsorbent
(e.g. HOC)
adsorbent
silo
fly ash, reaction
products, spent
adsorbent
air
fresh adsorbent
reactor head
1st
2nd
3rd
impact-type separator
layer
gas expansion space
discharge cylinder
spent adsorbent
steam
heating circuit
start-up heat-exchanger
fluidized bed
reactor
adsorbent
separator
clean gas
adsorbent preparation
adsorbent
recirculation
residue
conveying air
SCR
DeNOx/DeDioxreactor
catalyst
natural gas
air
flue gas
in-duct
burner
heat
exchanger
I.D. fan
stack
50
mg/Nm
40
30
20
10
0
PM
HCl
SO2
CO
HC
mg/Nm
0.4
EU Emission Limit
RZR Herten IM 1
RZR Herten IM 2
SAVA Brunsbttel
AVG Hamburg
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Hg
Cd, Tl
0.12
ngTEQ/Nm
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
PCDD/PCDF *
* All PCDD/PCDF emission analyses were performed by accredited laboratories
Capital Cost:
2.
Operating Cost:
3.
Maintenance Cost:
2.
3.
?? Questions ??