Counterexamples in Topology

Counterexamples in Topology
Counterexamples in Topology (1970, 2nd ed. 1978) is

a book on mathematics by topologists Lynn Steen and J.
Arthur Seebach, Jr.
6. Oddeven topology
In the process of working on problems like the

metrization problem, topologists (including Steen and
Seebach) have dened a wide variety of topological properties. It is often useful in the study and understanding of
abstracts such as topological spaces to determine that one
property does not follow from another. One of the easiest ways of doing this is to nd a counterexample which
exhibits one property but not the other. In Counterexamples in Topology, Steen and Seebach, together with ve
students in an undergraduate research project at St. Olaf
College, Minnesota in the summer of 1967, canvassed the
eld of topology for such counterexamples and compiled
them in an attempt to simplify the literature.
8. Finite particular point topology
7. Deleted integer topology
9. Countable particular point topology

10. Uncountable particular point topology
11. Sierpinski space, see also particular point topology
12. Closed extension topology
13. Finite excluded point topology
14. Countable excluded point topology
15. Uncountable excluded point topology
16. Open extension topology
For instance, an example of a rst-countable space

which is not second-countable is counterexample #3, the
discrete topology on an uncountable set. This particular
counterexample shows that second-countability does not
follow from rst-countability.
17. Either-or topology

18. Finite complement topology on a countable space
19. Finite complement topology on an uncountable
space
Several other Counterexamples in ... books and papers

have followed, with similar motivations.
20. Countable complement topology
21. Double pointed countable complement topology
Notation
22. Compact complement topology

Several of the naming conventions in this book dier
from more accepted modern conventions, particularly
with respect to the separation axioms. The authors use
the terms T3 , T4 , and T5 to refer to regular, normal, and
completely normal. They also refer to completely Hausdor as Urysohn. This was a result of the dierent historical development of metrization theory and general topology; see History of the separation axioms for more.
23. Countable Fort space

24. Uncountable Fort space
25. Fortissimo space
26. ArensFort space
27. Modied Fort space
28. Euclidean topology
List of mentioned counterexamples
29. Cantor set

30. Rational numbers
1. Finite discrete topology
31. Irrational numbers
2. Countable discrete topology
32. Special subsets of the real line
3. Uncountable discrete topology
33. Special subsets of the plane
4. Indiscrete topology
34. One point compactication topology
5. Partition topology
35. One point compactication of the rationals

1
LIST OF MENTIONED COUNTEREXAMPLES
36. Hilbert space
72. Rational extension in the plane
37. Frchet space
73. Telophase topology
38. Hilbert cube
74. Double origin topology
39. Order topology
75. Irrational slope topology
40. Open ordinal space [0,) where <
76. Deleted diameter topology
41. Closed ordinal space [0,] where <
77. Deleted radius topology
42. Open ordinal space [0,)
78. Half-disk topology
43. Closed ordinal space [0,]
79. Irregular lattice topology
44. Uncountable discrete ordinal space
80. Arens square
45. Long line
81. Simplied Arens square
46. Extended long line
82. Niemytzkis tangent disk topology
47. An altered long line
83. Metrizable tangent disk topology
48. Lexicographic order topology on the unit square
84. Sorgenfreys half-open square topology
49. Right order topology
85. Michaels product topology
50. Right order topology on R
86. Tychono plank
51. Right half-open interval topology
87. Deleted Tychono plank
52. Nested interval topology
88. Alexandro plank
53. Overlapping interval topology
89. Dieudonn plank
54. Interlocking interval topology
90. Tychono corkscrew
55. Hjalmar Ekdal topology
91. Deleted Tychono corkscrew
56. Prime ideal topology
92. Hewitts condensed corkscrew
57. Divisor topology
93. Thomass plank
58. Evenly spaced integer topology
94. Thomass corkscrew
59. The p-adic topology on Z
95. Weak parallel line topology
60. Relatively prime integer topology
96. Strong parallel line topology
61. Prime integer topology
97. Concentric circles
62. Double pointed reals
98. Appert space
63. Countable complement extension topology
99. Maximal compact topology
64. Smirnovs deleted sequence topology
100. Minimal Hausdor topology
65. Rational sequence topology
101. Alexandro square
66. Indiscrete rational extension of R
102. ZZ
67. Indiscrete irrational extension of R
103. Uncountable products of Z+
68. Pointed rational extension of R
104. Baire product metric on R
69. Pointed irrational extension of R
105. II
70. Discrete rational extension of R
106. [0,)II
71. Discrete irrational extension of R
107. Helly space
3
108. C[0,1]
109. Box product topology on R
110. Stoneech compactication
111. Stoneech compactication of the integers
3 See also
List of examples in general topology
-Base: An Interactive Encyclopedia of Topological
Spaces
112. Novak space

113. Strong ultralter topology
114. Single ultralter topology
115. Nested rectangles
116. Topologists sine curve
117. Closed topologists sine curve
118. Extended topologists sine curve
119. Innite broom
120. Closed innite broom
121. Integer broom
122. Nested angles
123. Innite cage
124. Bernsteins connected sets
125. Gustins sequence space
126. Roys lattice space
127. Roys lattice subspace
128. Cantors leaky tent
129. Cantors teepee
130. Pseudo-arc
131. Millers biconnected set
132. Wheel without its hub
133. Tangoras connected space
134. Bounded metrics
135. Sierpinskis metric space
136. Duncans space
137. Cauchy completion
138. Hausdors metric topology
139. Post Oce metric
140. Radial metric
141. Radial interval topology
142. Bings discrete extension space
143. Michaels closed subspace
4 References
Lynn Arthur Steen and J. Arthur Seebach, Jr., Counterexamples in Topology. Springer-Verlag, New
York, 1978. Reprinted by Dover Publications, New
York, 1995. ISBN 0-486-68735-X (Dover edition).
5 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES
Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
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What is the purpose of the book Counterexamples in Topology?

What is the purpose of the book Counterexamples in Topology?

What are some examples of counterexamples mentioned in the text?

What are some examples of counterexamples mentioned in the text?

Counterexamples in Topology

Counterexamples in Topology (1970, 2nd ed. 1978) is

In the process of working on problems like the

8. Finite particular point topology

7. Deleted integer topology

9. Countable particular point topology

For instance, an example of a rst-countable space

17. Either-or topology

Several other Counterexamples in ... books and papers

20. Countable complement topology

21. Double pointed countable complement topology

22. Compact complement topology

23. Countable Fort space

List of mentioned counterexamples

29. Cantor set

1. Finite discrete topology

31. Irrational numbers

2. Countable discrete topology

32. Special subsets of the real line

3. Uncountable discrete topology

33. Special subsets of the plane

34. One point compactication topology

35. One point compactication of the rationals

LIST OF MENTIONED COUNTEREXAMPLES

36. Hilbert space

72. Rational extension in the plane

37. Frchet space

73. Telophase topology

38. Hilbert cube

74. Double origin topology

39. Order topology

75. Irrational slope topology

40. Open ordinal space [0,) where <

76. Deleted diameter topology

41. Closed ordinal space [0,] where <

77. Deleted radius topology

42. Open ordinal space [0,)

78. Half-disk topology

43. Closed ordinal space [0,]

79. Irregular lattice topology

44. Uncountable discrete ordinal space

80. Arens square

45. Long line

81. Simplied Arens square

46. Extended long line

82. Niemytzkis tangent disk topology

47. An altered long line

83. Metrizable tangent disk topology

48. Lexicographic order topology on the unit square

84. Sorgenfreys half-open square topology

49. Right order topology

85. Michaels product topology

50. Right order topology on R

86. Tychono plank

51. Right half-open interval topology