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Design of Multiple Receiver For Wireless Power Transfer Using Metamaterial

Wireless Power Transfer

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248 views3 pages

Design of Multiple Receiver For Wireless Power Transfer Using Metamaterial

Wireless Power Transfer

Uploaded by

phithuc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2013 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings

[P2-57]

Design of Multiple Receiver


R
for Wireless Power Trransfer Using
Metamaterial
Sungjje Lee, Sanghwan Kim, and ChulhunSeo
Department of Electrronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Sanggdo-Dong,
D
Dongjak-Gu,
Seoul, Korea 156-743
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract In this paper, we analyze thee characteristics of
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) between a trransmitter coil and
four receiver coils. There are different results such as efficiencies
when we use one transmitter coil for one recceiver coil and four
receivers. The size of transmitter coil is 300mm
m 310mm 5mm.
And size of receiver coil is 50mm 64mm 2mm. Operating
frequency is 13.56MHz, distance between trransmitter coil and
receiver coil is 50mm, respectively. We sim
mulate a different
number of receiver coil. There are big chaanges in efficiency,
depending on the distance between a receivver coil and others
receiver coils. Efficiency is decreased as th
he number of the
receiver is increased can be seen. In this casse of a transmitter
coil and single receiver coil, efficiency is 60.6%
%. However, in the
case of the transmitter coil and four receiver coils, the efficiency
is improved about 20% using metamaterial.
Index Terms Wireless power transfer, mutual
m
inductance,
multiple receiver, resonant, metamaterial.

I. INTRODUCTION
Globally, there is an increase intereest in energy-IT
convergence, which combines technologiess from energy and
IT sectors. Recent developments in wireless communication
and consumer electronic gadgetries havve helped greatly
increase convenience in everyday life. However, these
electronics usefulness are fundamentally limited due to these
must plugged in, constantly recharged or replace battery in
order to take full advantages. In other wordds, human life has
already been formed to promote a conveenient lifestyle in
which people have access to variety of conttents on the go, but
portability and mobility are fundamentallly limited due to
access and storage of electrical power sourcce. Therefore, it is
a hot topic if and when wireless power trransfer technology
becomes commercially available because itt has a great ripple
effect throughout economy and will have grreater influence on
peoples daily lives. WPT using magnettic resonance was
proposed by Marin Soljacics research grouup in 2007 [1]-[2],
many research has been studied. Theere are numerous
researches underway in the field of auttomotive, medical
devices as well as consumer electronicss such as mobile
phones, MP3 player, and laptop to implemeent wireless power
transfer technology. Especially, numerouus researches are
being actively conducted using magnetic resonance instead of
magnetic induction, which has shorter raange than former.
Research in wireless power transfer about magnetic reO
is increasing
sonance is largely focus in two areas. One

efficiency of a transmitter-recceiver to transfer power over


longer distance [3]-[5]. The other
o
is focuses on increasing
efficiency of multiple receiver coils under fixed distance [6][7]. Both focuses on change inn transmitter and receiver coil.
Moreover, there are many researches to obtain better
performance using metamaterrial [8]. In order to increase
transmission efficiency, Q-faactor of the transmitter and
receiver coil must be increasedd. In this paper, efficiency has
been improved by using metaamaterial in design of multiple
receivers.
R AND RECEIVER
II. TRANSMITTER
Resonance is a physical prooperty when natural frequency
of an object is equal to the frrequency of external force act
upon its object, thus creates osccillation with greater amplitude
than original. When two objjects have same frequencies,
energy is amplified and transferred from one object to the
other. Transmission efficienccy of WPT using magnetic
resonance is affected by the coupling
c
coefficient (coupling
factor) and resonance quality factor
f
(Q-factor) characteristic.
Formulas for coupling coefficcient and quality-factor are as
follows:
(1)
(2)

Operating frequency of thee transmitter coil and receiver


coil of resonator is 13.56MHz.. Copper wound around a core
twice and the placement of each transmitter and receiver coils
are as shown in Figure 1.

(
(a)

1036

978-1-4799-1472-2/13/$31.00 2013 IEEE

2013 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings

(b)
Fig. 1. The transmitter coil and single receiiver (a) position of
transmitter coil and single receiver coil (b) simulation
s
result of
Scattering parameter and efficiency.

Distance between transmitter coil andd receiver coil is


50mm. Simulation result shows the efficiency to be
approximately 60.6%. Holding distance beetween transmitter
and receiver coil constant, changing the loocation of receiver
coil in the XY-plane changes mutual innductance, but the
change in efficiency is minimal. Howevver, the resonance
frequency is changed accordingly.
III. MULTIPLE RECEIVE
ER
Previously simulation in section II is conducted using
mulation in section
single transmitter and receiver coil, but sim
III increases the number of receiver coills to four. Unlike
previous simulation with only single reeceiver coil, next
simulation with four receiver coils gennerate mutual inductances between transmitter and receiveer coil as well as
between receiver coils. Thus operating frequuency is shifted as
the location of receiver coils change. The placement of the
transmitter and receiver coils is as shown inn Figure 3.

Figure 2 shows the simulatiion result after tuning of split


phenomenon with four receiveer coils. Figure 4(a) shows the
s-parameter of each receiver. Figure 4(b) shows the efficiency
of each receiver. S-parameteer performs worse with four
receiver coils than single receiver coil. Efficiency is 60%
with single receiver coil whereeas efficiency decreases to 20%
with four receiver coils. In mulltiple receiver case, Q-factor is
decreased compared with Q-faactor of single receiver. As Qfactor is decreased, efficiencyy of multiple receivers is also
decreased.
IV. ZERO REFRACTION
N OF METAMATERIAL
Metamaterial are a new class of artificial materials that are
composed of engineered structuures. In the last decade, unique
phenomena such as negative refraction
r
have been predicted
and realized in metamaterrial. Equation for coupling
coefficient and quality-factor arre as follows:
(3)
We used zero refraction of metamaterial for improve
efficiency. It is possible to coontrol magnetic flex by metamaterial. We design =0, so refraction
r
is 0. Figure 3 shows
size of metamaterial structure.

(aa)

(a)

(b)
Fig. 2. The transmitter coil and multiple receeiver (a) position of
transmitter coil and multiple receiver (b) simulation result of
Scattering parameter and efficiency.

(b)
(c)
(d)
Fig. 3. Metamaterial structure (a) size of metamaterial (b) top view
(c) side view (d) 3D view

1037

2013 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings

This work was supported by the National Research


Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea
government (MEST) (No.20120008842).
REFERENCES

Fig. 4. Simulation result of scattering parameter and efficiency

Fig. 4 shows simulation result of scattering parameter and


efficiency. It can be improved efficiency because of metamaterials. Magnetic flux focus on multiple receiver by
metamaterial. We obtain better efficiency about 20% using
metamaterial.
TABLE I
THE COMPARISON WITH SINGLE AND MULTIPLE RECEIVER

Frequency
(MHz)

Single
receiver

Multiple
receiver

Metamaterial

13.56

13.56

13.56

-2.36
-2.33
-2.38
-2.7
19.9
19.4
19
21.8

-5.85
-5.98
-5.71
-6.15
38.5
39.3
39.7
40.4

S-parameter
(dB)

-9.93

Efficiency
(%)

60.6

[1] Andre Kurs, Aristeidis Karalis, Robert Moffatt, J. D.


Joannopoulos, Peter Fisher, and Marin Soljacic, Wireless
power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances,
Science express, vol. 317, no. 5834, pp.83-86, July, 2007.
[2] Andre Kurs, Robert Moffatt, and Marin Soljacic,
Simultaneous mid-range power transfer to multiple devices,
Applied Physics Letters, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 044102-044103,
Jan., 2010.
[3] Benjamin L. Cannon, James F. Hoburg, Daniel D. Stancil, Seth
Copen Goldstein, Magnetic Resonant Coupling As a Potential
Means for Wireless Power Transfer to Multiple Small
Receivers, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24,
no. 7, pp. 1819-1825, July, 2009.
[4] TakehiroImura and Yoichi Hori, Maximizing Air Gap and
Efficiency of Magnetic Resonant Coupling for Wireless Power
Transfer Using Equivalent Circuit and Neumann Formula,
IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 58, no. 10,
pp. 4746-4752, Oct., 2011.
[5] Sunkyu Kong, Myunghoi Kim, Kyoungchoul Koo,
SeungyoungAhn, BumheeBae, and Joungho Kim, Analytical
Expressions for Maximum Transferred Power in Wireless
Power Transfer systems, IEEE International Symposium on
Electromagnetic Compatibility, pp.379-383, Aug., 2011.
[6] DragosNiculae, MihaiIordache, Lucia Dumitriu, Magnetic
Coupling Analysis in Wireless Transfer Energy, International
symposium on advanced topics in electrical engineering
(ATEE), pp. 1-4, May, 2011.
[7] Jin-Wook Kim, Hyeon-chang Son, Do-Hyun Kim, Kwan-ho,
Kim, and Young-jin Park, Analysis of wireless energy transfer
to multiple devices using CMT, Microwave Conference
Proceedings (APMC), pp. 2149-2152, Dec., 2010.
[8] Bingnan Wang, Koon HooTeo, Metamaterials for wireless
power transfer, IEEE international workshop on antenna
technology (iWAT), pp. 161-164, March, 2012.

V. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we analyze and compare with change in
efficiency between using single receiver coil and multiple
receiver coils. Efficiency is 60% using single transmitter and
single receiver coil while 20% using single transmitter and
multiple receiver coils, thus showed that multiple receiver
coils decrease wireless power transfer efficiency. We use
metamaterial to improve efficiency. Magnetic flux controlled
by metamaterial. Efficiency is improved about 20% by
metamaterial.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This work was supported by the Human Resources
Development program (No.20124010203160) of the Korea
Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of
Knowledge Economy.

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