Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________

ID: A

AP Chapter 2 Study Questions

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. The least electronegative halogen is astatine.

3. The formula for chromium (II) iodide is CrI2.

2. The possible oxidation numbers for iron are +1 and

+2.

4. H2SeO4 is called selenic acid.

5. The correct name for Na3N is sodium azide.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
9. __________ and __________ reside in the atomic
nucleus.
a. Protons, electrons b. Electrons, neutrons
c. Protons, neutrons d. none of the above
e. Neutrons, only neutrons

6. A certain mass of carbon reacts with 13.6 g of

oxygen to form carbon monoxide. __________
grams of oxygen would react with that same mass
of carbon to form carbon dioxide, according to the
law of multiple proportions?
a. 25.6 b. 6.8 c. 13.6 d. 136 e. 27.2

10. 200 pm is the same as __________ .

a. 2000 b. 20 c. 200 d. 2 e. 2 10-12

7. Methane and ethane are both made up of carbon

and hydrogen. In methane, there are 12.0 g of
carbon for every 4.00 g of hydrogen, a ratio of 3:1
by mass. In ethane, there are 24.0 g of carbon for
every 6.00 g of hydrogen, a ratio of 4:1 by mass.
This is an illustration of the law of __________.
a. constant composition b. multiple proportions
c. conservation of matter d. conservation of
mass e. octaves

11. The atomic number indicates __________.

a. the number of neutrons in a nucleus b. the
total number of neutrons and protons in a nucleus
c. the number of protons or electrons in a neutral
atom d. the number of atoms in 1 g of an element
e. the number of different isotopes of an element
12. Which pair of atoms constitutes a pair of isotopes
of the same element?
a. 14 X 14 X b. 14 X 12 X c. 17 X 17 X
6
7
6
6
9
8

8. Which statement below correctly describes the

responses of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation to an
electric field?
a. Both beta and gamma are deflected in the same
direction, while alpha shows no response. b. Both
alpha and gamma are deflected in the same
direction, while beta shows no response. c. Both
alpha and beta are deflected in the same direction,
while gamma shows no response. d. Alpha and
beta are deflected in opposite directions, while
gamma shows no response. e. Only alpha is
deflected, while beta and gamma show no
response.

20
21
d. 19 X 19 X e.
X
X
10
9
10
11
13. The nucleus of an atom contains __________.
a. electrons b. protons, neutrons, and electrons
c. protons and neutrons d. protons and electrons
e. protons

Name: ________________________

ID: A

14. In the periodic table, the rows are called

__________ and the columns are called
__________.
a. octaves, groups b. staffs, families
c. periods, groups d. cogeners, families
e. rows, groups

23. Elements in Group 8A are known as the

__________.
a. halogens b. alkali metals c. alkaline earth
metals d. chalcogens e. noble gases
24. Potassium is a __________ and chlorine is a
__________.
a. metal, nonmetal b. metal, metal c. metal,
metalloid d. metalloid, nonmetal e. nonmetal,
metal

15. Which group in the periodic table contains only

nonmetals?
a. 1A b. 6A c. 2B d. 2A e. 8A
16. The element __________ is the most similar to
strontium in chemical and physical properties.
a. Li b. At c. Rb d. Ba e. Cs

25. Lithium is a __________ and magnesium is a

__________.
a. nonmetal, metal b. nonmetal, nonmetal
c. metal, metal d. metal, metalloid
e. metalloid, metalloid

17. Horizontal rows of the periodic table are known as

__________.
a. periods b. groups c. metalloids d. metals
e. nonmetals

26. Oxygen is a __________ and nitrogen is a

__________.
a. metal, metalloid b. nonmetal, metal
c. metalloid, metalloid d. nonmetal, nonmetal
e. nonmetal, metalloid

18. Vertical columns of the periodic table are known as

__________.
a. metals b. periods c. nonmetals d. groups
e. metalloids

27. Calcium is a __________ and silver is a

__________.
a. nonmetal, metal b. metal, metal
c. metalloid, metal d. metal, metalloid
e. nonmetal, metalloid

19. Elements in Group 1A are known as the

__________.
a. chalcogens b. alkaline earth metals c. alkali
metals d. halogens e. noble gases

28. __________ are found uncombined, as monatomic

species in nature.
a. Noble gases b. Chalcogens c. Alkali metals
d. Alkaline earth metals e. Halogens

20. Elements in Group 2A are known as the

__________.
a. alkaline earth metals b. alkali metals
c. chalcogens d. halogens e. noble gases

29. When a metal and a nonmetal react, the

__________ tends to lose electrons and the
__________ tends to gain electrons.
a. metal, metal b. nonmetal, nonmetal
c. metal, nonmetal d. nonmetal, metal e. None
of the above, these elements share electrons .

21. Elements in Group 6A are known as the

__________.
a. alkali metals b. chalcogens c. alkaline earth
metals d. halogens e. noble gases
22. Elements in Group 7A are known as the
__________.
a. chalcogens b. alkali metals c. alkaline earth
metals d. halogens e. noble gases

30. The empirical formula of a compound with

molecules containing 12 carbon atoms, 14
hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms is
__________.
a. C12H14O6 b. CHO c. CH2O d. C6H7O3
e. C2H4O

Name: ________________________

ID: A
42. Fluorine forms an ion with a charge of
__________.
a. 1- b. 1+ c. 2+ d. 3+ e. 3-

31. __________ typically form ions with a 2+ charge.

a. Alkaline earth metals b. Halogens
c. Chalcogens d. Alkali metals e. Transition
metals

43. Iodine forms an ion with a charge of __________.

a. 7- b. 1+ c. 2- d. 2+ e. 1-

32. What is the formula of the compound formed

between strontium ions and nitrogen ions?
a. SrN b. Sr3N2 c. Sr2N3 d. SrN2 e. SrN3

44. Oxygen forms an ion with a charge of __________.

a. 2- b. 2+ c. 3- d. 3+ e. 6+

33. Magnesium reacts with a certain element to form a

compound with the general formula MgX. What
would the most likely formula be for the compound
formed between potassium and element X?
a. K2X b. KX2 c. K2X3 d. K2X2 e. KX

45. Sulfur forms an ion with a charge of __________.

a. 2+ b. 2- c. 3+ d. 6- e. 6+
46. Predict the empirical formula of the ionic
compound that forms from sodium and fluorine.
a. NaF b. Na2F c. NaF2 d. Na2F3 e. Na3F2

34. The formula of a salt is XCl2. The X-ion in this

salt has 28 electrons. The metal X is __________.
a. Ni b. Zn c. Fe d. V e. Pd

47. Predict the empirical formula of the ionic

compound that forms from magnesium and
fluorine.
a. Mg2F3 b. MgF c. Mg2F d. Mg3F2
e. MgF2

35. The charge on the manganese in the salt MnF3 is

__________.
a. 1+ b. 1- c. 2+ d. 2- e. 3+
36. Aluminum reacts with a certain nonmetallic
element to form a compound with the general
formula AlX. Element X is a diatomic gas at room
temperature. Element X must be __________.
a. oxygen b. fluorine c. chlorine d. nitrogen
e. sulfur

48. Predict the empirical formula of the ionic

compound that forms from magnesium and oxygen.
a. Mg2O b. MgO c. MgO2 d. Mg2O2
e. Mg3O2
49. Predict the empirical formula of the ionic
compound that forms from aluminum and oxygen.
a. AlO b. Al3O2 c. Al2O3 d. AlO2 e. Al2O

37. Sodium forms an ion with a charge of __________.

a. 1+ b. 1- c. 2+ d. 2- e. 0

50. The correct name for SrO is __________.

a. strontium oxide b. strontium hydroxide
c. strontium peroxide d. strontium monoxide
e. strontium dioxide

38. Potassium forms an ion with a charge of

__________.
a. 2+ b. 1- c. 1+ d. 2- e. 0
39. Calcium forms an ion with a charge of
__________.
a. 1- b. 2- c. 1+ d. 2+ e. 0

51. The correct name for K2S is __________.

a. potassium sulfate b. potassium disulfide
c. potassium bisulfide d. potassium sulfide
e. dipotassium sulfate

40. Barium forms an ion with a charge of __________.

a. 1+ b. 2- c. 3+ d. 3- e. 2+

52. The correct name for Al2O3 is __________.

a. aluminum oxide b. dialuminum oxide
c. dialuminum trioxide d. aluminum hydroxide
e. aluminum trioxide

41. Aluminum forms an ion with a charge of

__________.
a. 2+ b. 3- c. 1+ d. 3+ e. 1-

Name: ________________________

ID: A

53. The correct name for CaH2 is __________.

a. hydrocalcium b. calcium dihydride
c. calcium hydroxide d. calcium dihydroxide
e. calcium hydride

62. The formula of bromic acid is __________.

a. HBr b. HBrO4 c. HBrO d. HBrO3
e. HBrO2
63. The correct formula for molybdenum(IV)
hypochlorite is __________.
a. Mo(ClO3)4 b. Mo(ClO)4 c. Mo(ClO2)4
d. Mo(ClO4)4 e. MoCl4

54. The correct name for SO is __________.

a. sulfur oxide b. sulfur monoxide c. sulfoxide
d. sulfate e. sulfite
55. The correct name for CCl4 is __________.
a. carbon chloride b. carbon tetrachlorate
c. carbon perchlorate d. carbon tetrachloride
e. carbon chlorate

64. The name of PCl3 is __________.

a. potassium chloride b. phosphorus trichloride
c. phosphorous(III) chloride
d. monophosphorous trichloride e. trichloro
potassium

56. The correct name for N2O5 is __________.

a. nitrous oxide b. nitrogen pentoxide
c. dinitrogen pentoxide d. nitric oxide
e. nitrogen oxide

65. The ions Ca2+ and PO43- form a salt with the
formula __________.
a. CaPO4 b. Ca2(PO4)3 c. Ca2PO4 d. Ca(PO4)2
e. Ca3(PO4)2

57. The correct name for H2CO3 is __________.

a. carbonous acid b. hydrocarbonate
c. carbonic acid d. carbohydrate
e. carbohydric acid

66. The correct formula of iron(III) bromide is

__________.
a. FeBr2 b. FeBr3 c. FeBr d. Fe3Br3 e. Fe3Br

58. The correct name for H2SO3 is __________.

a. sulfuric acid b. sulfurous acid
c. hydrosulfuric acid d. hydrosulfic acid
e. sulfur hydroxide

67. Element M reacts with fluorine to form an ionic

compound with the formula MF3. The M-ion has
18 electrons. Element M is __________.
a. P b. Sc c. Ar d. Ca e. Cr

59. The correct name for HClO3 is __________.

a. hydrochloric acid b. perchloric acid
c. chloric acid d. chlorous acid
e. hydrochlorous acid

68. Magnesium and sulfur form an ionic compound

with the formula __________.
a. MgS b. Mg2S c. MgS2 d. Mg2S2
e. Mg2S3

60. The correct name for HClO2 is __________.

a. perchloric acid b. chloric acid
c. hypochlorous acid d. hypychloric acid
e. chlorous acid

69. The formula of ammonium carbonate is

__________.
a. (NH4)2CO3 b. NH4CO2 c. (NH3)2CO4
d. (NH3)2CO3 e. N2(CO3)3

61. The correct name of the compound Na3N is

__________.
a. sodium nitride b. sodium azide c. sodium
trinitride d. sodium(III) nitride e. trisodium
nitride

70. The formula of the chromate ion is __________.

a. CrO42- b. CrO23- c. CrO- d. CrO32e. CrO271. The formula of the carbonate ion is __________.
a. CO22- b. CO32- c. CO33- d. CO2- e. CO-

Name: ________________________

ID: A

72. The correct name for Mg(ClO3)2 is __________.

a. magnesium chlorate b. manganese chlorate
c. magnesium chloroxide d. magnesium
perchlorate e. manganese perchlorate

81. The name of the ionic compound NH4CN is

__________.
a. nitrogen hydrogen cyanate b. ammonium
carbonitride c. ammonium cyanide
d. ammonium hydrogen cyanate e. cyanonitride

73. What is the correct formula for ammonium sulfide?

a. NH4SO3 b. (NH4)2SO4 c. (NH4)2S d. NH3S
e. N2S3

82. The name of the ionic compound (NH4)3PO4 is

__________.
a. ammonium phosphate b. nitrogen hydrogen
phosphate c. tetrammonium phosphate
d. ammonia phosphide e. triammonium
phosphate

74. When calcium reacts with sulfur the compound

formed is __________.
a. Ca2S2 b. Ca3S2 c. CaS d. CaS2 e. Ca2S3

83. What is the formula for perchloric acid?

a. HClO b. HClO3 c. HClO4 d. HClO2
e. HCl

75. Chromium and chlorine form an ionic compound

whose formula is CrCl3. The name of this
compound is __________.
a. chromium chlorine b. chromium(III) chloride
c. monochromium trichloride d. chromium(III)
trichloride e. chromic trichloride

84. The correct name for HIO2 is __________.

a. hypoiodic acid b. hydriodic acid
c. periodous acid d. iodous acid e. periodic
acid

76. The name of the binary compound N2O4 is

__________.
a. nitrogen oxide b. nitrous oxide
c. nitrogen(IV) oxide d. dinitrogen tetroxide
e. oxygen nitride

85. What is the molecular formula for propane?

a. C2H8 b. C3H6 c. C3H8 d. C4H8 e. C4H10
86. What is the molecular formula for nonane?
a. C9H18 b. C9H20 c. C10H20 d. C10H22
e. C10H24

77. The formula for zinc phosphate isZn3(PO4)2. What

is the formula for cadmium arsenate?
a. Cd4(AsO2)3 b. Cd3(AsO4)2 c. Cd3(AsO3)4
d. Cd2(AsO4)3 e. Cd2(AsO4)4

87. What is the molecular formula for heptane?

a. C6H12 b. C6H14 c. C7H14 d. C7H16 e. C7H18

78. The formula for aluminum hydroxide is

__________.
a. AlOH b. Al3OH c. Al2(OH)3 d. Al(OH)3
e. Al2O3

88. What is the molecular formula for n-hexanol?

a. C6H12OH b. C6H13OH c. C6H14OH
d. C7H13OH e. C7H14OH

79. The name of the ionic compound KBrO4 is

__________.
a. potassium perbromate b. potassium bromate
c. potassium hypobromate d. potassium
perbromite e. potassium bromide

89. A molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen

in a 1:8 ratio by mass. This is a statement of
__________.
a. the law of multiple proportions b. the law of
constant composition c. the law of conservation
of mass d. the law of conservation of energy
e. none of the above

80. The name of the ionic compound V2O3 is

__________.
a. vanadium(III) oxide b. vanadium oxide
c. vanadium(II) oxide d. vanadium(III) trioxide
e. divanadium trioxide

Name: ________________________

ID: A

90. Which one of the following is not one of the

postulates of Dalton's atomic theory?
a. Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and
electrons. b. All atoms of a given element are
identical; the atoms of different elements are
different and have different properties. c. Atoms
of an element are not changed into different types
of atoms by chemical reactions: atoms are neither
created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
d. Compounds are formed when atoms of more
than one element combine; a given compound
always has the same relative number and kind of
atoms. e. Each element is composed of extremely
small particles called atoms.

94. The charge on an electron was determined in the

__________.
a. cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thompson
b. Rutherford gold foil experiment c. Millikan
oil drop experiment d. Dalton atomic theory
e. atomic theory of matter
95. __________-rays consist of fast-moving electrons.
a. Alpha b. Beta c. Gamma d. X e. none
of the above
96. The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherford's
lab __________.
a. confirmed the plum-pudding model of the atom
b. led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus
c. was the basis for Thomson's model of the atom
d. utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold
foil e. proved the law of multiple proportions

91. Consider the following selected postulates of

Dalton's atomic theory:
(i) Each element is composed of extremely small
particles called atoms.
(ii) Atoms are indivisible.
(iii) Atoms of a given element are identical.
(iv) Atoms of different elements are different and
have different properties.
Which of the postulates is(are) no longer
considered valid?
a. (i) and (ii) b. (ii) only c. (ii) and (iii)
d. (iii) only e. (iii) and (iv)

97. In the Rutherford nuclear-atom model,

__________.
a. the heavy subatomic particles, protons and
neutrons, reside in the nucleus b. the three
principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons,
and electrons) all have essentially the same mass
c. the light subatomic particles, protons and
neutrons, reside in the nucleus d. mass is spread
essentially uniformly throughout the atom e. the
three principal subatomic particles (protons,
neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the
same mass and mass is spread essentially uniformly
throughout the atom

92. Which pair of substances could be used to illustrate

the law of multiple proportions?
a. SO2, H2SO4 b. CO, CO2 c. H2O, O2 d. CH4,
C6H12O6 e. NaCl, KCl
93. Which one of the following is not true concerning
cathode rays?
a. They originate from the negative electrode.
b. They travel in straight lines in the absence of
electric or magnetic fields. c. They impart a
negative charge to metals exposed to them.
d. They are made up of electrons. e. The
characteristics of cathode rays depend on the
material from which they are emitted.

98. Cathode rays are __________.

a. neutrons b. x-rays c. electrons d. protons
e. atoms
99. Cathode rays are deflected away from a negatively
charged plate because __________.
a. they are not particles b. they are positively
charged particles c. they are neutral particles
d. they are negatively charged particles e. they
are emitted by all matter

Name: ________________________

ID: A

100. In the absence of magnetic or electric fields,

cathode rays __________.
a. do not exist b. travel in straight lines
c. cannot be detected d. become positively
charged e. bend toward a light source

109. There are __________ electrons, __________

protons, and __________ neutrons in an atom of
132 Xe.
54
a. 132, 132, 54 b. 54, 54, 132 c. 78, 78, 54
d. 54, 54, 78 e. 78, 78, 132

101. Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by

Rutherford, which is/are electrically charged?
a. -rays b. -rays and -rays c. -rays,
-rays, and -rays d. -rays e. -rays and
-rays

110. An atom of the most common isotope of gold,

197Au, has __________ protons, __________
neutrons, and __________ electrons.
a. 197, 79, 118 b. 118, 79, 39 c. 79, 197, 197
d. 79, 118, 118 e. 79, 118, 79

102. Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by

Rutherford, which is/are not electrically charged?
a. -rays b. -rays, -rays, and -rays
c. -rays d. -rays and -rays e. -rays and
-rays

111. Which combination of protons, neutrons, and

electrons is correct for the isotope of copper,
63 Cu?
29
a. 29 p+, 34 n, 29 e- b. 29 p+, 29 n, 63 e- c. 63
p+, 29 n, 63 e- d. 34 p+, 29 n, 34 e- e. 34 p+, 34
n, 29 e-

103. Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by

Rutherford, which are particles?
a. -rays b. -rays, -rays, and -rays c. -rays
d. -rays and -rays e. -rays and -rays

112. Which isotope has 45 neutrons?

a. 80 Kr b. 80 Br c. 78 Se d. 34 Cl
36
35
34
17

104. Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by

Rutherford, which is/are not particles?
a. -rays b. -rays and -rays c. -rays
d. -rays e. -rays, -rays, and -rays

e. 103 Rh
45

105. Of the following, the smallest and lightest

subatomic particle is the __________.
a. neutron b. proton c. electron d. nucleus
e. alpha particle

113. Which isotope has 36 electrons in an atom?

a. 80 Kr b. 80 Br c. 78 Se d. 34 Cl
36
35
34
17
e. 36 Hg
80

106. All atoms of a given element have the same

__________.
a. mass b. number of protons c. number of
neutrons d. number of electrons and neutrons
e. density

114. Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of

__________ but differing number of __________.
a. protons, electrons b. neutrons, protons
c. protons, neutrons d. electrons, protons
e. neutrons, electrons

107. Which atom has the smallest number of neutrons?

a. carbon-14 b. nitrogen-14 c. oxygen-16
d. fluorine-19 e. neon-20

115. The nucleus of an atom does not contain

__________.
a. protons b. protons or neutrons c. neutrons
d. subatomic particles e. electrons

108. Which atom has the largest number of neutrons?

a. phosphorus-30 b. chlorine-37
c. potassium-39 d. argon-40 e. calcium-40

Name: ________________________

ID: A
124. Gravitational forces act between objects in
proportion to their __________.
a. volumes b. masses c. charges
d. polarizability e. densities

116. The nucleus of an atom contains __________.

a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. protons
and neutrons e. protons, neutrons, and electrons
117. Different isotopes of a particular element contain
the same number of __________.
a. protons b. neutrons c. protons and neutrons
d. protons, neutrons, and electrons e. subatomic
particles

125. Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes with the

following isotopic masses:

107 Ar
47
106.90509

118. Different isotopes of a particular element contain

different numbers of __________.
a. protons b. neutrons c. protons and neutrons
d. protons, neutrons, and electrons e. None of
the above is correct.

107 Ar
47
108.9047

The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682

amu. The fractional abundance of the lighter of the
two isotopes is __________.
a. 0.24221 b. 0.48168 c. 0.51835 d. 0.75783
e. 0.90474

119. In the symbol shown below, x = __________.

13 C
x
a. 7 b. 13 c. 12 d. 6 e. not enough
information to determine

126. The atomic mass unit is presently based on

assigning an exact integral mass (in amu) to an
isotope of __________.
a. hydrogen b. oxygen c. sodium d. carbon
e. helium

120. In the symbol below, X = __________.

13 X
6
a. N b. C c. Al d. K e. not enough
information to determine

127. The element X has three naturally occurring

isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of
the isotopes are given in the table below. The
average atomic mass of the element is __________
amu.

121. In the symbol below, x = __________.

xC
6
a. 19 b. 13 c. 6 d. 7 e. not enough
information to determine
122. In the symbol below, x is __________.
xC
6
a. the number of neutrons b. the atomic number
c. the mass number d. the isotope number
e. the elemental symbol

a. 219.7 b. 220.4 c. 220.42 d. 218.5

e. 221.0

123. Which one of the following basic forces is so small

that it has no chemical significance?
a. weak nuclear force b. strong nuclear force
c. electromagnetism d. gravity e. Coulomb's
law

Name: ________________________

ID: A
131. The element X has two naturally occurring
isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of
the isotopes are given in the table below. The
average atomic mass of the element is __________
amu.

128. Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes.

The masses (amu) and % abundances of the
isotopes are given in the table below. The average
atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.

a. 30.20 b. 33.20 c. 34.02 d. 35.22

e. 32.73

a. 41.54 b. 39.68 c. 39.07 d. 38.64

e. 33.33

132. The average atomic weight of copper, which has

two naturally occurring isotopes, is 63.5. One of
the isotopes has an atomic weight of 62.9 amu and
constitutes 69.1% of the copper isotopes. The other
isotope has an abundance of 30.9%. The atomic
weight (amu) of the second isotope is __________
amu.
a. 63.2 b. 63.8 c. 64.1 d. 64.8 e. 28.1

129. The element X has three naturally occurring

isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and %
abundances of the isotopes are given in the table
below. The average atomic mass of the element is
__________ amu.

133. The element X has three naturally occurring

isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of
the isotopes are given in the table below. The
average atomic mass of the element is __________
amu.

a. 161.75 b. 162.03 c. 162.35 d. 163.15

e. 33.33
130. The element X has three naturally occurring
isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and %
abundances of the isotopes are given in the table
below. The average atomic mass of the element is
__________ amu.

a. 17.20 b. 16.90 c. 17.65 d. 17.11

e. 16.90
134. Vanadium has two naturally occurring isotopes,
50V with an atomic mass of 49.9472 amu and 51V
with an atomic mass of 50.9440. The atomic weight
of vanadium is 50.9415. The percent abundances of
the vanadium isotopes are __________% 50V and
__________% 51V.
a. 0.25, 99.75 b. 99.75, 0.25 c. 49, 51 d. 1.0,
99 e. 99, 1.0

a. 33.33 b. 55.74 c. 56.11 d. 57.23

e. 56.29

Name: ________________________

ID: A
143. The elements in groups 1A, 6A, and 7A are called,
__________, respectively.
a. alkaline earth metals, halogens, and chalcogens
b. alkali metals, chalcogens, and halogens
c. alkali metals, halogens, and noble gases
d. alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and
halogens e. halogens, transition metals, and
alkali metals

135. An unknown element is found to have three

naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses of
35.9675 (0.337%), 37.9627 (0.063%) and 39.9624
(99.600%). Which of the following is the unknown
element?
a. Ar b. K c. Cl d. Ca e. None of the
above could be the unknown element.
136. In the periodic table, the elements are arranged in
__________.
a. alphabetical order b. order of increasing
atomic number c. order of increasing metallic
properties d. order of increasing neutron content
e. reverse alphabetical order

144. Which pair of elements below should be the most

similar in chemical properties?
a. C and O b. B and As c. I and Br d. K and
Kr e. Cs and He
145. An element in the upper right corner of the periodic
table __________.
a. is either a metal or metalloid b. is definitely a
metal c. is either a metalloid or a non-metal
d. is definitely a non-metal e. is definitely a
metalloid

137. Elements __________ exhibit similar physical and

chemical properties.
a. with similar chemical symbols b. with similar
atomic masses c. in the same period of the
periodic table d. on opposite sides of the periodic
table e. in the same group of the periodic table

146. An element that appears in the lower left corner of

the periodic table is __________.
a. either a metal or metalloid b. definitely a
metal c. either a metalloid or a non-metal
d. definitely a non-metal e. definitely a
metalloid

138. Which pair of elements would you expect to

exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and
chemical properties?
a. H, Li b. Cs, Ba c. Ca, Sr d. Ga, Ge
e. C, O
139. Which pair of elements would you expect to
exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and
chemical properties?
a. O, S b. C, N c. K, Ca d. H, He e. Si, P

147. Elements in the same group of the periodic table

typically have __________.
a. similar mass numbers b. similar physical
properties only c. similar chemical properties
only d. similar atomic masses e. similar
physical and chemical properties

140. Which one of the following is a nonmetal?

a. W b. Sr c. Os d. Ir e. Br

148. Which one of the following does not occur as

diatomic molecules in elemental form?
a. oxygen b. nitrogen c. sulfur d. hydrogen
e. bromine

141. Of the following, only __________ is not a

metalloid.
a. B b. Al c. Si d. Ge e. As

149. Which one of the following molecular formulas is

also an empirical formula?
a. C6H6O2 b. C2H6SO c. H2O2 d. H2P4O6
e. C6H6

142. Which of the following elements is a metaloid?

a. B b. C c. Ga d. Se e. In

10

Name: ________________________

ID: A
158. Which one of the following is most likely to lose
electrons when forming an ion?
a. F b. P c. Rh d. S e. N

150. Which compounds do not have the same empirical

formula?
a. C2H2, C6H6 b. CO, CO2 c. C2H4, C3H6
d. C2H4O2, C6H12O6 e. C2H5COOCH3, CH3CHO

159. Which species has 54 electrons?

151. Of the choices below, which one is not an ionic
compound?
a. PCl5 b. MoCl6 c. RbCl d. PbCl2 e. NaCl

a. 132 Xe + b. 128 Te 2 c. 118 Sn 2+ d. 112 Cd

54
54
50
48
e. 132 Xe 2 +
54

152. Which type of formula provides the most

information about a compound?
a. empirical b. molecular c. simplest
d. structural e. chemical

160. Which species has 16 protons?

a. 31P b. 34S2- c. 36Cl d.

153. A molecular formula always indicates __________.

a. how many of each atom are in a molecule
b. the simplest whole-number ratio of different
atoms in a compound c. which atoms are
attached to which in a molecule d. the isotope of
each element in a compound e. the geometry of a
molecule

80Br-

e.

161. Which species has 18 electrons?

a. 39K b. 32S-2 c. 35Cl d. 27Al+3 e.

16O

64Cu+2

162. The species __________ contains 16 neutrons.

a. 31P b. 34S2- c. 36Cl d. 80Br- e. 16O
163. Which species is an isotope of 39Cl?
a. 40Ar+ b. 34S2- c. 36Cl- d. 80Br e.

154. An empirical formula always indicates

__________.
a. which atoms are attached to which in a
molecule b. how many of each atom are in a
molecule c. the simplest whole-number ratio of
different atoms in a compound d. the isotope of
each element in a compound e. the geometry of a
molecule

39Ar

164. Which one of the following species has as many

electrons as it has neutrons?
a. 1H b. 40Ca2+ c. 14C d. 19F- e. 14C2+
165. There are __________ protons, __________
neutrons, and __________ electrons in 131I-.
a. 131, 53, and 54 b. 131, 53, and 52 c. 53, 78,
and 54 d. 53, 131, and 52 e. 78, 53, and 72

155. The molecular formula of a compound is always

__________ the empirical formula.
a. more complex than b. different from c. an
integral multiple of d. the same as e. simpler
than

166. Which species has 48 electrons?

a. 118 Sn +2 b. 116 Sn +4 c. 112 Cd +1 d. 68 Ga
50
50
48
31
e. 48 Ti
22

156. Formulas that show how atoms are attached in a

molecule are called __________.
a. molecular formulas b. ionic formulas
c. empirical formulas d. diatomic formulas
e. structural formulas

167. Which of the following compounds would you

expect to be ionic?
a. SF6 b. H2O c. H2O2 d. NH3 e. CaO

157. Of the following, __________ contains the greatest

number of electrons.
a. P3+ b. P c. P2- d. P3- e. P2+

168. Which of the following compounds would you

expect to be ionic?
a. H2O b. CO2 c. SrCl2 d. SO2 e. H2S

11

Name: ________________________

ID: A
179. Which formula/name pair is incorrect?
a. FeSO4 iron(II) sulfate b. Fe2(SO3)3 iron(III)
sulfite c. FeS iron(II) sulfide d. FeSO3 iron(II)
sulfite e. Fe2(SO4)3 iron(III) sulfide

169. Which pair of elements is most apt to form an ionic

compound with each other?
a. barium, bromine b. calcium, sodium
c. oxygen, fluorine d. sulfur, fluorine
e. nitrogen, hydrogen

180. Which one of the following is the formula of

hydrochloric acid?
a. HClO3 b. HClO4 c. HClO d. HCl
e. HClO2

170. Which pair of elements is most apt to form a

molecular compound with each other?
a. aluminum, oxygen b. magnesium, iodine
c. sulfur, fluorine d. potassium, lithium
e. barium, bromine

181. The suffix -ide is used primarily __________.

a. for monatomic anion names b. for polyatomic
cation names c. for the name of the first element
in a molecular compound d. to indicate binary
acids e. for monoatomic cations

171. Which species below is the nitride ion?

a. Na+ b. NO3- c. NO2- d. NH4+ e. N 3172. Which species below is the sulfite ion?
a. SO2-2 b. SO3-2 c. S2- d. SO4-2 e. HS-

182. Which one of the following compounds is

chromium(III) oxide?
a. Cr2O3 b. CrO3 c. Cr3O2 d. Cr3O e. Cr2O4

173. Which species below is the nitrate ion?

a. NO2- b. NH4+ c. NO3- d. N3- e. N3-

183. Which one of the following compounds is

copper(I) chloride?
a. CuCl b. CuCl2 c. Cu2Cl d. Cu2Cl3
e. Cu3Cl2

174. Barium reacts with a polyatomic ion to form a

compound with the general formula Ba3(X)2. What
would be the most likely formula for the compound
formed between sodium and the polyatomic ion X?
a. NaX b. Na2X c. Na2X2 d. Na3X
e. Na3X2

184. The correct name for MgF2 is __________.

a. monomagnesium difluoride b. magnesium
difluoride c. manganese difluoride
d. manganese bifluoride e. magnesium fluoride

175. Aluminum reacts with a certain nonmetallic

element to form a compound with the general
formula Al2X3. Element X must be from Group
__________ of the Periodic Table of Elements.
a. 3A b. 4A c. 5A d. 6A e. 7A

185. A correct name for Fe(NO3)2 is __________.

a. iron nitrite b. ferrous nitrite c. ferrous
nitrate d. ferric nitrite e. ferric nitrate

176. The formula for a salt is XBr. The X-ion in this salt
has 46 electrons. The metal X is __________.
a. Ag b. Pd c. Cd d. Cu e. Cs

186. The correct name for HNO2 is __________.

a. nitrous acid b. nitric acid c. hydrogen
nitrate d. hyponitrous acid e. pernitric acid

177. The charge on the iron ion in the salt Fe2O3 is

__________.
a. +1 b. +2 c. +3 d. -5 e. -6

187. The proper formula for the hydronium ion is

__________.
a. H- b. OH- c. N-3 d. H3O+ e. NH4+

178. Which formula/name pair is incorrect?

a. Mn(NO2)2 manganese(II) nitrite b. Mg(NO3)2
magnesium nitrate c. Mn(NO3)2 manganese(II)
nitrate d. Mg3N2 magnesium nitrite
e. Mg(MnO4)2 magnesium permanganate

188. The charge on the __________ ion is -3.

a. sulfate b. acetate c. permanganate
d. oxide e. nitride

12

Name: ________________________

ID: A
199. What is the molecular formula for n-propanol?
a. CH3OH b. C2H5OH c. C3H7OH
d. C4H9OH e. C5H11OH

189. Which one of the following polyatomic ions has

the same charge as the hydroxide ion?
a. ammonium b. carbonate c. nitrate
d. sulfate e. phosphate

200. An atom of 17O contains __________ protons.

a. 8 b. 25 c. 9 d. 11 e. 17

190. Which element forms an ion with the same charge

as the ammonium ion?
a. potassium b. chlorine c. calcium
d. oxygen e. nitrogen

201. An atom of 15N contains __________ neutrons.

a. 7 b. 22 c. 8 d. 10 e. 15

191. Which element forms an ion with the same charge

as the sulfate ion?
a. magnesium b. copper c. iron
d. phosphorus e. oxygen

202. An atom of 131I contains __________ electrons.

a. 131 b. 184 c. 78 d. 124 e. 53
203. 420 pm is the same as __________ Angstroms.
a. 4200 b. 42 c. 420 d. 4.2 e. 0.42

192. When a fluorine atom forms the fluoride ion, it has

the same charge as the __________ ion.
a. sulfide b. ammonium c. nitrate
d. phosphate e. sulfite

204. The mass number of an atom of 118Xe is

__________.
a. 54 b. 172 c. 64 d. 118 e. 110

193. The formula for the compound formed between

aluminum ions and phosphate ions is __________.
a. Al3(PO4)3 b. AlPO4 c. Al(PO4)3
d. Al2(PO4)3 e. AlP

205. The atomic number of an atom of 80Br is

__________.
a. 115 b. 35 c. 45 d. 73 e. 80
206. An ion has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons.
The symbol for the ion is __________.
a. 17O2- b. 17O2+ c. 19F+ d. 19F- e. 17Ne2+

194. Which metal does not form cations of differing

charges?
a. Na b. Cu c. Co d. Fe e. Sn

207. How many electrons does the Al3+ ion possess?

a. 16 b. 10 c. 6 d. 0 e. 13

195. Which metal forms cations of differing charges?

a. K b. Cs c. Ba d. Al e. Sn

208. How many protons does the Br- ion possess?

a. 34 b. 36 c. 6 d. 8 e. 35

196. The correct name for Ni(CN)2 is __________.

a. nickel (I) cyanide b. nickel cyanate
c. nickel carbonate d. nickel (II) cyanide
e. nickel (I) nitride

209. Predict the charge of the most stable ion of

bromine.
a. 2+ b. 1+ c. 3+ d. 1- e. 2-

197. The correct name for Na2O2 is _________.

a. sodium oxide b. sodium dioxide
c. disodium oxide d. sodium peroxide
e. disodium dioxide

210. Predict the charge of the most stable ion of

potassium.
a. 3+ b. 1- c. 2+ d. 2- e. 1+

198. Which metal is not required to have its charge

specified in the names of ionic compounds it
forms?
a. Mn b. Fe c. Cu d. Ca e. Pb

13

Name: ________________________

ID: A

Completion
Complete each statement.
211. What group in the periodic table would the
fictitious element :

213. Which element in Group IA is the most

electropositive?

: be found?

214. Which element in the halogen family is the most

electronegative?

212. Carbon can exist in different forms called

__________.

215. What is the name of an alcohol derived from

hexane ___________?

Essay
216. The formula for potassium sulfide is __________.

14

ID: A

AP Chapter 2 Study Questions

Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
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ANS:

T
F
T
T
F

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1
1
1
1
1

DIF:
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3
1
1
2
2

REF:
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Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8

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1
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1
1
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1
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1

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3
2
2
1
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1
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1
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1
1
1
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2
2
3
1
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1
2

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Sec. 2.1
Sec. 2.1
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
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Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7

MULTIPLE CHOICE
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
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25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
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31.
32.
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35.
36.

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E
B
D
C
D
C
B
C
C
E
D
A
D
C
A
B
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E
A
C
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B
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E
D

ID: A
37.
38.
39.
40.
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A
C
D
E
D
A
E
A
B
A
E
B
C
A
D
A
E
B
D
C
C
B
C
E
A
D
B
B
E
B
B
A
A
A
B
A
C
C
B
D
B
D
A
A
C

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2

Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
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ID: A
82.
83.
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A
C
D
C
B
D
B
B
A
C
B
E
C
B
B
A
C
D
B
B
C
E
D
C
B
B
D
D
E
A
B
A
C
E
D
A
B
D
B
E
C
D
B
C
D

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1
1
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1
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1
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1
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2
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1

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REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
3

Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.9
Sec. 2.9
Sec. 2.9
Sec. 2.9
Sec. 2.1
Sec. 2.1
Sec. 2.1
Sec. 2.1
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.2
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4

ID: A
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

B
A
C
C
B
D
A
A
A
B
E
C
A
E
B
A
B
C
D
B
E
C
B
B
A
D
A
C
C
E
D
C
B
B
B
A
C
D
C
A
E
C
A
C
E

PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:

1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1

REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
4

Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.4
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.6
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7

ID: A
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

B
C
D
D
A
C
D
E
D
A
A
A
E
C
A
D
E
C
A
E
C
B
A
E
D
D
D
C
A
C
E
D
D
B
A
B
E
D
E

PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:

1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1

REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:

DIF:

REF: Sec. 2.5

COMPLETION
211. ANS: VIIA
PTS: 1

Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.8
Sec. 2.9
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.3
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.5
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7
Sec. 2.7

ID: A
212. ANS: allotropes
PTS: 1
213. ANS: francium

DIF:

REF: Sec. 2.5

PTS: 1
214. ANS: fluorine

DIF:

REF: Sec. 2.5

PTS: 1
215. ANS: hexanol

DIF:

REF: Sec. 2.5

PTS: 1

DIF:

REF: Sec. 2.9

DIF:

REF: Sec. 2.8

ESSAY
216. ANS:
K 2S
PTS: 1