MODULE

1 IDENTITY

Objectives:

Listen, read and talk about your identity and other peoples; discuss urban tribes;
write a short description; learn more about present tenses.

TOPIC TALK
are proud of their nationality
belong to an urban tribe (e.g. goths/skaters/punks)
are into sport
care about the environment

1.2 1.3 Listen to the people (13) and check your

guesses from Exercise 1.

1.4 1.5 Listen again to the first person.

Complete the information in the network.

country, ag, language, national anthem, national landmarks

(e.g. famous buildings/places), national sports teams,
traditional costume/music/houses

PL
E

Identity

IT

Make guesses about which of the people

in the photos (ac):

My family roots are in 1England/Wales.

I am proud of my/our 2_______ .
One thing I love about my country is the
3
_______ .
I suppose Im a/an 4_______ type of person
but Im a bit too 5_______ .
Im 6passionate about/keen on 7art/fashion/
nature/sport, etc.
I'm (not) into 8_______ .

climate, food, landscape, lifestyle, people, wildlife

adventurous, creative, easy-going, energetic, hard-working,

idealistic, outdoor, outgoing, practical, romantic, sporty

SA
M

independent, laid-back, rebellious, shy, untidy

wearing badges, band T-shirts, clothes with

designer labels, team shirts, T-shirts with logos
piercings, tattoos

1.6 Pronunciation Listen and write

down the contractions. Then listen
again and repeat them.

1 Im
LANGUAGE CHOICE 1:
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
5

Work in groups. Use the network to

talk about your identity.

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24/08/2011 08:49

LESSON
LESSON

SKILLS

3
1 AVATARS

b
a

1 When you are online you can be anyone or anything

IT

Work in pairs. Which of the avatars in

the pictures (ad) do you like most? Why?
Describe an avatar you have used in a
chat, blog or computer game.

you can create your own image and a new personality,

you can be anyone you want to be.

2 The first, simple two-dimensional avatars appeared

in the mid 1980s in role-playing computer games. By
the late 1990s, they were in web chats like Instant
Messenger. Nowadays, avatars are everywhere. In
most chats, people use simple, ready-made images
or upload their own images but you can also use
dynamic avatars that move around and talk when you
type in your message.

Warm Up
1

P SKILLS BUILDER 12 Use the strategies

P SKILLS BUILDER 13 Use the strategies

to match the paragraphs (16) with
the headings (ag). There is one extra
heading.

How avatars have developed

The future of avatars
Avatars in virtual worlds
Your avatar and you
Buying virtual jewellery
Improving your looks
Identity online

SA

a
b
c
d
e
f
g

3 Avatars in online worlds like Second Life can talk, walk

PL

a More Avatars than People

b Creating Identity Online
c The Dangers of Avatars

Read the text again. Are the sentences

true (T) or false (F) or is no information
given (?)?
1 When you are online, you can take on
any identity. T
2 Avatars first appeared on internet chats.
3 Some people spend a lot of money on
their avatars.
4 People use avatars to express their own
identity.
5 A persons avatar is usually not as
good-looking as he/she is in real life.
6 Virtual worlds will be more expensive in
the future.

and fly around, meet people, go shopping or go to

classes. There is lots of room for creativity and you
can get a brand-new identity. If youre well-off, you
can spend a fortune on buying virtual clothes and
jewellery for your well-dressed, fashion-conscious
avatar.

in the Skills Builder to choose a title (ac)

for the article.

Reading
2

1.7

Simon Boswell investigates the weird and

wonderful world of online avatars.
avatars.

4 Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your

personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a kitten,
your message is Im a playful, laid-back person. Wellknown cartoon characters or laughing chimpanzees
say Im a really funny person.

5 Surprisingly, most people create avatars that look

more or less like them and behave like them. However,
nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking so
people obviously make a few improvements to their
bodies and they also experiment with things like long
hair, tattoos and piercings. Many people have more
than one avatar, a sensible one for work, a goodlooking, easy-going one for meeting people and a silly
one for having fun.

6 Soon, over eighty percent of internet users will have

at least one avatar and in some countries there will be
more avatars than real people. Some people say that
we spend too much time in virtual worlds and will
become afraid of meeting people in the real world.
Others look forward to the time when their avatar
will look and act just like a real person and be able to
travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.

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Vocabulary Look at the Word Builder. Match

the adjectives with the meanings below.

Look at the Sentence Builder. Match other examples of

like (18) in Exercise 7 with the uses (ae) below.

rich attractive (x 2) stylish relaxed (x 2)

totally new can be used immediately
a flat image into wearing all the latest styles
famous

Sentence Builder like

a

I like chatting online.

(verb: to talk about preferences)
b My handwriting is like my dads. / My handwriting
looks like my dads.
(preposition: similar to)
c What is your friend like?
(preposition: ask for a general description)
d What does my avatar look like?
(preposition: ask for a description of appearance)
e There are various virtual worlds, like Second Life
Life.
(preposition: for example)
example)

Word Builder Compound adjectives

IT

ng
ality,

brand-new, easy-going, fashion-conscious,

good-looking, laid-back, nice-looking,
ready-made, two-dimensional, well-dressed,
well-known, well-off

1.7

SKILLS BUILDER 24

LANGUAGE CHOICE 2: VOCABULARY PRACTICE

you

walk

silly

ve
ll be
hat
l
.

1 Who are you like in your family? Who do you look like?
2 What clothes do you like? Give examples with like.
3 What do you like doing online? What kind of computer
games do you like? Give examples.
4 What websites do you visit most often? Give examples
with like.

10

Read the description and look at the picture.

Find four differences.

SA
M

ever,
so
eir
ong
e

Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

What does my avatar look

1
like?? Well, she looks a bit
2
like me but shes a bit
taller and slimmer and
shes got long brown
hair and blue eyes. What
is she 3like
like?? When shes
in her virtual world, she
usually behaves 4like me.
Shes an alternative
and rebellious kind of
person, just 5like me.
She 6likes really cool
black clothes and silver jewellery
and she 7likes going to concerts
and hanging out in cool places
in the virtual world, 8like the
coffee shops on Bora Island.

Create your own avatar. Write notes about the

things below:

what it looks like

how it behaves
where you use it
why you chose your avatar

11

Use your notes to write a description of your

avatar like the one in Exercise 7.

12

Work in groups. Ask and answer questions about

your avatars. Use the cues in Exercise 10.

Your Choice

our
en,
Wellees

Writing

LANGUAGE CHOICE 3

1 What well-known stars (film/music/sport) do

you think are good-looking?
2 How fashion-conscious are you?
Give examples.
3 What do you wear when you want to be
well-dressed?
4 How easy-going are you? Give examples.
5 If you suddenly became very well-off, what
brand-new thing would you buy?

u
u

Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

PL
E

d
By

IDENTITY
IDENTITY

A: What does your avatar look like?

B: Hes tall with long red hair. He looks a bit like me.

No Comment
I never forget a face but in your case Ill make an
exception.
Groucho Marx, American comedian

e to

M01_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U01.indd 7

24/08/2011 08:50

LESSON
LESSON

GRAMMAR

2 LANGUAGES
3
Warm Up
1

Look at the map of world languages. Which

continents have the lowest number of endangered
languages?

Read the text and answer the questions.

Key
= endangered
language
1.8

Read the rule. Can you change the verb forms in

bold in the sentences (12) into the continuous?

feelings and opinions

facts and permanent situations
routines, things that happen regularly 1
things happening exactly at the time of speaking
things happening around now, not necessarily at
the time of speaking

PL

a
b
c
d
e

SA

We use the Present Simple (not Present

Continuous) with state verbs like these: be,
believe, belong, know, like, prefer, remember,
want, understand.
understand.
1 Older speakers of the language die.
2 We believe we can help save some endangered
languages.

Name the tenses (Present Simple or Present

Continuous) in the sentences (15) underlined in the
text and match them with the things they talk
about (ae).

Match the Present Perfect sentences (12) with

the uses (ab).
1 Australian and South American natives have
always used plants to treat people.
2 A lot of languages of smaller cultures have
disappeared.

We talk about past events when it doesn't

matter when they happened (often they have
some consequences in the present).
We talk about a situation or habit that started
in the past and is still going on.

Practice
7

Which of the people (ac) could not say these

sentences? Why?
1 Im living in the Amazon jungle.
a a native Amazon Indian
b a student on holiday in the jungle
c an engineer building a road in the jungle
2 I teach English.
a an experienced teacher of English
b a full-time English teacher
c a PE teacher teaching an English class
3 I've done my homework.
a a student giving her homework to the teacher
b a student after she finished her homework
c a student planning to do her homework
LANGUAGE CHOICE 4

M01_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U01.indd 8

Ma
form
envi
Ame
Unfo
this

Every two weeks, a language dies. Languages are

becoming extinct faster than endangered animals.
Because language is part of national identity, minority
languages have often been discriminated against.
In the 19th century, Native Australians and American
Indians were not allowed to use their native languages
in public in Australia and the United States. It was
also illegal to speak Celtic languages in Ireland,
Scotland and Wales in the street. Some languages die
naturally. While the languages of powerful groups
have always spread, the languages of smaller cultures
have disappeared. Small communities stop speaking
their traditional language and choose the more
popular one. Slowly, older speakers die and the
original language is forgotten.

Present tenses
4

IT

Your Culture Where in the world is your language

spoken? What languages have influenced your
language? What foreign words are used in your
language now?

1 Why do languages disappear?

2 What do scientists do to save languages?
3 Why do we want to save them?

24/08/2011 08:50

Chri
told
enda
spea
For e
livin
disa
the l
worl
with

1.9 Listen to the dialogue. Answer the

questions about Martha and James.

1 What languages do they speak well?

2 What languages are they learning?
3 What countries have they been to?
10

Work in pairs. Use the cues to make

dialogues.

A starts

Many endangered languages have no written

form but they carry amazing knowledge of local
environments. Native Australians and South
Americans have always used plants to treat people.
Unfortunately, many of their languages are dying and
this knowledge may one day be lost forever.

1 learn a
language?

2 visit Barcelona?

Use the notes to write sentences the people (13)

could say. Use the Present Simple, Present Continuous
and Present Perfect.

I'm learning my 10th language now.

I work at university.
I've studied languages since I was at school.

1 an expert on languages
learn my 10th language now work at university
study languages since I was at school
2 a 6-year-old native Australian child
speak our language at home
learn to write in English at school
never speak to a foreigner
3 an explorer
be a traveller since I was twenty
spend very little time at home
prepare for a trek in the Andes
LANGUAGE CHOICE 5

3 talk to a famous
person?

Christine Davies, from the Enduring Voices project,

told us: 3 We believe we can help save some
endangered languages. 4 We are recording the
speakers of endangered languages on all continents.
For example, in Australia we have recorded the only
living speaker of Amurdag, so this language wont
disappear completely. But while 5 were talking now,
the last speakers of some native languages all over the
world are dying, taking their culture and knowledge
with them. So we have to hurry.

IT
S

A: Have you ever learned a foreign language?

B: Sure. I study French at school. Im revising
for a test now.

PL

Personal information

es die
ps
ltures
king

IDENTITY

Grammar Alive

SA

re
als.
inority
st.
ican
guages
as

4 buy designer
clothes?

B starts
5 appear on TV?

6 feel really
stressed?
7 fall in love?

8 use a laptop

11

B answers

1 study French at
school revise for a
test now
2 often go to Spain
learn Spanish now
3 talk to famous
people all the time
text Zac Efron now
4 buy designer clothes
all the time wear
an Armani jacket
today
A answers
5 appear on TV
regularly act in
a soap opera this
week
6 feel stressed often
feel stressed about
the next class
7 fall in love all the
time fall in love
with you right now
8 often use a laptop
- chat online on it
right now

Use the cues to write a questionnaire. Use

correct tenses.
1 How many languages speak?
How many languages do you speak?
2
3
4
5
6

12

What languages learn now?

What subjects like learning?
How many different countries visit?
How many times speak to a foreigner?
What foreign language need most often?

Work in pairs. Ask and answer the

questions. Tell the class about your
partner.

M01_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U01.indd 9

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LESSON
L
ESSON

DVD

SKILLS

3 TRIBES

Warm Up
1

Listening

Vocabulary Look at the network and the

photos (ab). Try to match the tribes with the
descriptions (ag).

1.10 1.11 Listen to an interview about urban tribes

in the UK. Check your guesses from Exercise 1.

1.10 1.11 Listen again. Are the sentences true (T)

or false (F)?

Urban tribes
emos, geeks, goths, metal heads,
punks, skaters, trendies

1 Urban tribes started in the 1970s and 80s. F

2 There are more tribes around these days.
3 Tribes are changing faster than before because of
the internet.
4 Tribes are always based on tastes in music and
clothes.
5 The identity of some tribes is based on interests.
6 Most young people now only belong to one tribe.

1
2
3
4
5

Your Culture Work in pairs. Which of the tribes in

Exercise 1 do you have in your country? Can you
think of any others? Tell the class.

h
u
i
d
n

Wo
Wo

Watc
8

1.1

des

T
1
2
3
4
5

PL

DVD

a j
b g

U
N
IT
S
4

H
T
H
H
H

wit

d
l
l
h
t

1.1

Cho

Talk

SA

a
b
c
d
e

Descriptions
a have dyed black/straight hair into pessimistic punk
music wear dark clothes emos
b into horror lms have dyed hair wear silver
jewellery/black make-up - into Evanescence
c have scruffy clothes/shaved hair chains/piercings
d like designer labels/loose shirts (male) into
clubbing/shopping
e wear dull clothes obsessed with technology
and gaming
f have long hair/beards wear leather jackets/
black T-shirts into heavy metal
g wear baggy clothes hang out at skate parks into
indie and punk

LANGUAGE CHOICE 6:
VOCABULARY PRACTICE

DVD

thi
and

1 I th
2 Im

3Id

4 I ju
5 Im
6Id

PS

10 1.13

into

10

M01_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U01.indd 10

24/08/2011 08:50

DVD Choice
DVD 1 Watch the documentary without sound. Order the
things the journalist does (ae). Then watch it with sound
and check your answers.

a
b
c
d
e

DVD 1 Watch again. Match the descriptions (15)

with the people (ad).

a journalist (x 2)
b goth man
1
2
3
4
5
7

c goth woman
d goth musician

has been a goth for a long time b

usually feels different from other people but not in Whitby
is worried about dressing up like a goth
doesnt like the journalists clothes
now feels confident in goth clothes

Would you like to go to the Whitby Goth Weekend?

Would you dress up like a goth?

Watching and Speaking

1.12 DVD 2 Listen to or watch two interviews. Match the
descriptions (15) with the people.

Tim
1
2
3
4
5

Tom

George

Neither am I.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Harry

dislikes goths Tim and Tom

likes goth music
likes punk music
has got tattoos
thinks he is independent but isn't

1.12 DVD 2 Look at the Talk Builder. Listen or watch again.

Choose the replies to the opinions you hear.

12

SA

Choose one of the topics (ae). Write five

statements about your topic.
a
b
c
d
e

Disagree
c I dont.
c I am.
c I do.

13

c I dont.
c Im not.
c I do.

Listen to the opinions and replies and notice the

intonation. Listen and repeat the replies.

urban tribes in your country

clothes and fashion
different styles of music
personal appearance
interests and habits

Work in groups. Take turns to say your

statements to each person in your group.
Record their responses.
A: I like band T-shirts.
B: So do I.
C: I dont.

14
10 1.13

Im not into heavy metal.

I think goth clothes are great.
I dont think urban tribes are bad.
Im really into hip hop and rap.
I dont like beards and long hair.
I think piercings and tattoos are horrible.

I dont think that goths are very interesting.

Talk Builder Agreeing and disagreeing (1)

Agree
1 I think they're a bit silly. a So do I. b Me too.
2 Im not into their clothes. a Neither am I.
b Me neither.
3 I dont think were a tribe. a Neither do I.
b Me neither.
4 I just love urban tribes.
a So do I. b Me too.
5 Im into their music.
a So am I. b Me too.
6 I dont like those groups. a Neither do I.
b Me neither.
SKILLS
BUILDER
40
P

Write replies to the statements below

with your opinions.

Your Choice

11

PL
E

N
IT
S

He goes to the party in goth clothes and make-up.

Two goths put make-up on him and change his hair.
He feels relaxed with his appearance.
He travels to Whitby for a goth weekend. 1
He interviews some goths.

IDENTITY

Report your results to the class.

Sixty percent of the class dont like piercings.
Forty percent like them.

11

M01_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U01.indd 11

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Language Review Module 1

1

Identity Complete the text with the correct words.

Present tenses Complete the phone conversation

with the verbs in brackets in the correct tense.

Im very proud 1______ my surname, Bruce, because

my ancestor was Robert the Bruce who defeated the
English at the battle of Bannockburn in 1314. One
thing I really love 2______ Scotland is our traditional
costume, the kilt, and I sometimes wear mine on
special occasions like weddings. Im a 3______ too
rebellious and I sometimes have problems at school.
Im passionate 4______ folk music and Im keen 5______
playing the guitar. Im not 6______ wearing band
T-shirts.
/6

N
IT
S

Compound adjectives Add one extra word to the

words in brackets to complete the sentences with
the correct adjectives.
A My sister is very 7______ (fashion) and she loves
wearing 8 ______ (new) designer clothes.
B I am not very 9______ (well) so I havent got much
money for clothes but I always try to be 10______
(dress).
C Robert Pattinson is a really 11 ______ (know) actor
and hes very 12 ______(good) everybody likes him.

Agreeing and disagreeing (1) Complete the

dialogues.

A: Hi, Anna. How are things?

B: Okay, Claire, but Im a bit tired because I 23______
(have) two exams today.
A: What 24______ (do) at the moment?
B: I 25______ (write) to my cousin Eric.
A: The one from Belgium? I 26______ (never meet) him.
B: Hes really nice. He 27______ (live) in Brussels and
he can speak four languages. His English is so good
that people often 28______ (think) he is English.
A: Lucky him. I 29______ (want) to learn Italian but we
cant do it at school. I 30______ (study) French for
three years but Im terrible at it.
B: Well, I 31 ______ (visit) Italy a couple of times and I
32
______ (understand) a bit of Italian. Its a great
language.
/10

PL
E

/6
like Put like in the correct place in the sentences.
13
14
15
16

SA
M

What does your cousin, Jenny, look?

She looks a bit me but she is taller and slimmer.
And what is she?
She is an easy-going and laid-back type of person
my brother, Tom.
17 She is really into doing sports hockey and
basketball.
/5

Present tenses Use the cues to write questions.

18
19
20
21
22

what language / you usually speak?

what languages / you learn this year?
what language / want to learn?
how many countries / you visit so far?
you ever do a language course abroad?

A: I think punk music is great. (agree)

B: So 33 _________________________________________ .
A: I like goth clothes. (disagree)
B: I 34 __________________________________________ .
A: Im not into piercings. (agree)
B: Me 35_________________________________________ .
A: I dont like skater clothes. (disagree)
B: I 36___________________________________________ .
A: Im into urban tribes. (agree)
B: Me 37_________________________________________ .
A: I dont like tattoos. (agree)
B: Neither 38_____________________________________ .
A: Im not into dyed black hair. (disagree)
B: I 39___________________________________________ .
A: Im into clubbing and shopping. (agree)
B: So 40 _________________________________________ .
/8

/5

Self Assessment
Listen and check your answers. Write down the
scores. Use the table to find practice exercises.
1.14

Exercise
1
2
3
4 and 5
6

12

If you need practice, go to

Language Choice 1
Language Choice 2
Language Choice 3
Language Choice 4 and 5
Students Book (SB) p.11 ex.11

LEARNING LINKS: 1 Check Your Progress 1 MyLab / Workbook page 9. Complete the Module Diary.
2 Sound Choice 1 MyLab / Workbook page 10. Choose three pronunciation activities to do.

M01_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U01.indd 12

24/08/2011 08:50

MODULE

6 HEROES
Objectives:

Talk about and listen to descriptions of heroes and heroines; read a story and a
lm review; write a review; learn about modals for speculation in the past.

Aung San Suu Kyi

Elizabeth I

Work in pairs. Look at the photos (ae) and the

network. Which of the people have you heard
about? What did they do? When did they live?
(e.g. in the 20th century )

Listen and identify three of the heroes

in the photos (ae). Why were they heroes?
3.3

3.4 3.5 Listen again to the first person.

Complete the information in the network.

PL

3.2

SA

Biography

_________ was a great man/woman. He/She

came from 1England/India/South Africa.
He/She was born into a/an 2________ .
He/She had a 3difficult/happy/privileged
childhood.
As a young man/woman he/she 4_________ .
After that, he/she 5_________ of Indians in
South Africa.
Later, he/she 6_________ India.
In my opinion, he/she was
a great 7_________ .

artist, explorer, leader, liberator, pioneer,

revolutionary, ruler, scientist, social reformer,
soldier, thinker, writer

M06_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U06.indd 45

Joan of Arc

Jos de San Martn

TOPIC TALK

Gandhi

IT
S

Pronunciation Listen and write down the

dates. Then listen again and repeat them. What
dates are important in your countrys history?
3.6

LANGUAGE CHOICE 31: VOCABULARY PRACTICE

5

Your Culture Choose a hero/heroine from your

country. Find out information about him/her. Then
work in groups. Use the network to talk about your
person.

aristocratic, middle-class, poor, privileged, royal,

wealthy, well-known, working class family
joined the army, civil service
studied law, medicine, science
took part in/organised (peaceful) demonstrations,
protests, a rebellion
worked as a doctor, lawyer, scientist, teacher
campaigned/fought for equal rights, freedom of speech,
human rights, peace, the independence of ... , womens rights
campaigned/fought against child labour, colonialism,
discrimination, poverty, racism, slavery, the invaders

45

1/18/13 1:03 PM

LESSON
LESSON

GRAMMAR

3
16 LITTLE HERO
a

3.7

We started work at sunrise.

We were forbidden to
stop or to talk. Our arms and
shoulders ached. Our
hands worked on their own, out
of habit. If we didn't
work fast enough, we were pun
ished.
There were fourteen of us. Fati
ma was the youngest
she can't have been older than
five, she was so small.
The oldest was Karim. He mu
st have worked in the
factory since he was very littl
e because he couldn't
even remember his family or
home. His parents may
have sold him to our master
to pay their debts, like
most of our families. Salman
was chained to his
machine, day and night. I don
't know why he might
have made a mistake in the
carpet pattern. Nobody
had the courage to run away.
From the moment he arrived
we knew that Iqbal was
different. When he escaped and
came back with the
police to free us all, our master
was shocked. He must
have thought that Iqbal was
just another helpless
child. But he wasn't.

N
IT

Child Hero
Shot in Pakistan

r-old
Iqbal Masih, 12-yea
child
st
ain
campaigner ag
s
ha
,
tan
kis
Pa
labour in
bly
ba
pro
,
red
rde
mu
been
t
by the powerful carpe

M
PL

mafia.
at
Iqbal became a slave
rked
wo
d
an
r
fou
of
e
the ag
six
for
in a carpet factory
ged
years before he mana
ed
nd
Bo
ted
tac
he con
to escape. After this
nt, a Pakistani NGO*
Fro
n
tio
era
Lib
or
Lab
f.
lot of children himsel
and helped to free a
s
oto
ph
tories, took
He sneaked into fac
e for the police, who
nc
de
evi
ted
and collec
ners and freed the
later arrested the ow
s shot two years after
wa
slave workers. He
y be over 250 million
his escape. There ma
rldwide.
working children wo
ental organisation

*NGO non-governm

SA

Warm Up
1

Look at the photos (ab). Make guesses

about the children.

Speculating about the past

4

1 He might have made a mistake.

2 She can't have been older than five.
3 He must have worked in the factory since he was very little.

The children might be from India. They

could be earning money for their families.

When we speculate about the past, we often use must/

may/might/could/can't +____+ 3rd form of the verb
(perfect infinitive).

Read the newspaper cutting about

Iqbal and an extract from a novel
about his life. Answer the questions.
1 What was life and work in the carpet
factory like?
2 Why did the children work there?
3 What did Iqbal do? Why did he die?
Your Culture Are there any child
workers in your country? At what age
can you start work?

Read the speculations (13) from the text. Complete the rule.

Read the sentences (12). Match them with the uses (ab).
1 There may be over 250 million working children worldwide.
2 Our master must have thought that Iqbal was a helpless child.
a speculation about the present
b speculation about the past

46

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Practice

Grammar Alive Making guesses

Match the sentences (13) with the best

paraphrases (ab).
1 He can't have made a mistake.
a Maybe he didn't make a mistake.
b I'm certain that he didn't make a mistake.

Listen to the dialogue. What reasons do Lisa

and Rob give for James becoming a volunteer?

10

Work in pairs. Use the cues and modals to make

dialogues.

2 He must have worked in a carpet factory.

a Im sure he works in a carpet factory.
b I'm sure he worked in a carpet factory.

Use the cues to complete the sentences.

1 Anna is crying. (She loves

Jake.)
2 Mike hasn't come to school
today. (Hes very healthy.)
3 Kate looks unhappy. (Shes
the best student.)
4 Dave is late. (Hes always
on time.)
5 Maria isnt answering the
phone. (Shes waiting for
Jacks call.)

M
PL

LANGUAGE CHOICE 33
8

Use the cues and must/may/might/could/can't

and have + the 3rd form of the verb to make
sentences about Iqbal.

SA

have a lot of courage be weak

have a rich family be intelligent
hate his situation dream about freedom
plan his escape for a long time go to school

1 may / break up with

Jake
2 may / catch a cold
3 must / fail a test
4 could / miss the bus
5 must / switch it off

B starts

A answers

6 Vicki is out.
(Its only 8 a.m.)
7 Nick is driving! (Hes a
terrible driver.)
8 Fiona has a great sun
tan. (I saw her at school
last week.)
9 Adam has no time for his
friends. (He is too lazy.)
10 Colin didnt come to the
party. (He has very good
memory.)

6 may / go to the
cinema
7 must / pass his
driving test
8 could / be on
holiday

1 Iqbal sneaked into carpet factories many times.

He must have been clever (must / be clever).
2 A factory manager has been arrested. He
_______ (may / employ children in his factory).
3 A girl is selling snacks in the street. She
_______ (can't / be born into a rich family).
4 The child disappeared from the street. The
carpet mafia _______ (may / kidnap her).
5 The children look hungry. They _______ (might /
not eat anything all day).
6 This carpet is beautiful. It _______ (must / take
a lot of time to make it).

B answers

A starts

N
IT

LANGUAGE CHOICE 32

A: Anna is crying.
B: She may have broken up with Jake.
A: She cant have broken up with him. She loves him!

3 The children may have escaped from slavery.

a Perhaps the children escaped from slavery.
b The children certainly escaped from slavery.

3.8

HEROES

11

9 must / find a
part-time job
10 may / forget

Look at the photos (cd) and make guesses about

the people.
He may have run away from home. He must be
frightened.

47

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LESSON
LESSON

SKILLS

17 ACTION HEROES
3

I foun
Bank G
1712-0
Bank d
Exactl
your si

Warm Up
Look at the photos (ab). Who are your favourite
action heroes and what are your favourite
action films?

Reading

P SKILLS BUILDER 6

Use the
strategies in the Skills Builder to listen to a
conversation about a film and choose the best
answer for the questions.
3.9

3.10

Read the extracts from Robert Ludlums novel, The Bourne

Identity. Order the sentences (af).
a The doctor found information about a bank account
in Switzerland.
b Bourne found out that he had a lot of money and that his
first name was Jason.
c A badly injured man was picked up from the sea. 1
d Bourne remembered how to get to the bank where he had
the account.
e His life was saved by a doctor but he had lost his memory.
f He went to a hotel in Zurich that he remembered from
before and found out his surname.

3.12
Whos there? Whos in this room?
Washburn went quietly to the bed. He did not want to make
a sudden noise or movement that could cause his patient new
psychological damage. The next few minutes would be as
important as the surgery he had performed on the man many
times during the past month.
A friend, he said softly. You speak English. I thought you
would. How do you feel?
Im not sure.
You were brought here, to the French island of Ile de Port
Noir, by fishermen who found you in the Mediterranean. Youd
been shot, many times. Im a doctor your doctor. My name is
Geoffrey Washburn. Whats yours?
The stranger was silent for a minute.
Then he turned and looked into the
doctors eyes. I dont know, he said.

PL
E

1 What has Alice been doing?

a studying b doing exercise c shopping
2 How does Simon feel?
a bored b relaxed c tired
3 How does Alice feel?
a bored b worried c impatient
4 What does Simon become?
a bored b irritated c tired
5 Where are Alice and Simon?
a at school b at home c on holiday
6 Who are Alice and Simon?
a friends b classmates c brother and sister

N
IT
S

Listening

3.11 Look at the Sentence Builder. Try to

complete the sentences. Then listen and check
your guesses. How would you say them in
your language?

SA
M

Sentence Builder
Prepositions at the end of sentences

Questions
Whos he working for
for??
What are you talking 1 _______ ?
Who is he talking 2 _______ ?
Why dont you ring someone 3_______ ?

Relative clauses
Hes an actor Ive never been keen on.
Thats what hes famous 4_______ .
Shes watching that quiz show shes good
5
_______ .

LANGUAGE CHOICE 34
4

Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

1
2
3
4
5

What new film is everybody talking about?

What actors and actresses are you keen on?
What films are they famous for?
What cinema do you usually go to?
Who do you usually ring up and arrange to
go to the cinema with?

48

M06_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U06.indd 48

24/08/2011 10:08

He kn
had gi
knew
looked
Its go
But I d
Please
Thank
fill in
patien
Of co
then t
Mr J. B
He sta
J. Bou

He left
seemed
there w
He ent
directe
Your s
a form
He loo
time, ju
numbe

The ba
the oth
The am
More
The bo
into th
francs
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Owne
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Nation

ke
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any

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me is

IT
S

3.13 A fishing boat picks up an unidentified

man who is badly wounded. The captain is
unsympathetic but the ships engineer looks
after the man; he removes two bullets from his
back and finds a plastic tube under his skin.
When the man wakes up, he does not know who
he is. The engineer unwraps the tube and finds
information about a bank account in Zurich. The
man recovers from his wounds but can't remember
anything and is impatient to get to Zurich.
When he arrives there, he sleeps in a park and
two policemen try to arrest him because it is
illegal.
. After a fight, he disappears and in the
morning goes to the bank where they take him to
an impersonal underground room and give him a
box. Inside it there is a passport in the name
of Jason Bourne, lots of money in cash and a
gun. The man unpacks the things and finds five
more passports with five different names.

12

He knew the name of the hotel. Carillon du Lac. He

had given it to the taxi driver without thinking. He
knew the reception area, and the big glass windows that
looked out over Lake Zurich. He had been there before.
Its good to see you again, sir, the receptionist said.
But I dont know you! I dont know me! Help me!
Please!
Thank you, he said. Ive hurt my hand. Could you
fill in the form for me and then Ill try to sign it. The
patient held his breath.
Of course, sir. The receptionist completed the form,
then turned it around for the signature.
Mr J. Bourne, New York, NY, USA.
He stared at it. He had a name part of a name.
J. Bourne. John? James? Joseph? He signed.
He left his room and walked into the street. His feet
seemed to take him on a route that he knew and then
there was the Gemeinschaft Bank.
He entered through the heavy glass doors and was
directed to a first floor receptionist.
Your signature, please, the man requested, passing him
a form.
He looked and understood; no name was needed this
time, just the number of the account. He wrote out the
numbers and was shown to a private room.

Read the film synopsis. Find three differences between

the book and the film.

Vocabulary Look at the Word Builder. Find words in

blue in the film synopsis to complete the box. Then add
prefixes to the words (ag) to make opposites.
c comfortable
a tidy b like
g happy
e known f friendly

ory.

The banker opened the box and passed the papers to

the other man, who stared at the top page in disbelief.
The amount in the account was 11,850,000 Swiss francs.
More than four million American dollars. How? Why?
The bottom statement showed that the first payment
into the account had been from Singapore: 51,750 Swiss
francs. Below that was an envelope with Owner only,
officer of the Treadstone Seventy-one Company typed
on it. He opened it and read:
Owner: Jason Charles Bourne
Address: Unlisted
Nationality: American

HEROES

In the book, he finds a bank statement in the box.

In the film, ...

d correct

Word Builder Prefixes

PL

had

un + adjective/adverb: unpleasant, 1 unidentified , 2_______

un + verb:
undress, 3_______ 4_______
il/in/im + adjective:
invisible, irregular, impossible,
5
_______ , 6_______ , 7_______
dis + verb:
disagree, 8_______

his

I found this piece of film under your skin. It says: Die

Bank Gemeinschaft, 11 Bahnhofstrasse, Zurich, 071712-0-14-260.
Bank details?
Exactly. The numbers are in your handwriting theyre
your signature for an account in Zurich.

SA

urne

LANGUAGE CHOICE 35: VOCABULARY PRACTICE

8

Work in pairs. Take turns to complete the sentences.

1
2
3
4

Choose a film that you like. Write notes about the

things below:
general information
favourite scenes

10

summary of story

Your Choice

I get impatient when people

The things I find unpleasant are
The most uncomfortable place I know is
In my country, it is illegal to

Work in groups. Tell your partners about the film.

They have to try to guess the film.

LEARNING LINKS: Online Skills 3 MyLab / Workbook page 113

M06_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U06.indd 49

49

24/08/2011 10:09

LESSON

SK

GRAMMAR

18 LOCAL HERO

3W
1

Warm Up

Look at the photo. Who are the people?

3.14 Read and listen to the interview. Are the

sentences true (T) or false (F)?
1 The robber was armed.
2 Michael hit the robber with a bottle.
3 Michael has been taking self-defence lessons.

1
2
3
4

We normally use a positive/negative tag after a

positive statement and a positive/negative tag
after a negative statement.

SA
M

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

For each question (16), make positive and

negative questions with question tags.
1 Are your friends brave?
Your friends are brave, arent they?
Your friends arent brave, are they?
2
3
4
5
6

Can you put out a fire?

Have your friends done first aid training?
Was there an accident in your school last year?
Did the criminal have a gun?
Would you like to learn self-defence?

Use the cues and your knowledge of your partner

to ask positive or negative tag questions. Add
three questions of your own.
1 (not) be very brave
You are very brave, aren't you?
You aren't very brave, are you?
2
3
4
5
6

Read the reporters questions (12). Match them

with the explanations (ab).
1 You hit him, didn't you?
2 Were there any other people in the shop?
a The reporter thinks he knows the answer and only
wants Michael to confirm.
b The reporter doesn't know the answer.

You live in this street, dont you ?

He wasnt masked, __________ ?
The streets were empty, __________ ?
You can't do karate, __________ ?
You have talked to the police, __________ ?
The shop will be closed tomorrow, __________ ?
You wouldnt do it again, __________ ?
You haven't been coming recently, __________ ?
The people are grateful to you, __________ ?

LANGUAGE CHOICE 36

Question tags
3

Complete the questions with correct question

tags.

PL
E

Reporter: With us here is Michael Franklin, who's helped

arrest a robber. Michael, you live in this street, don't you?
Michael: Yes, I live near the shop.
Reporter: Tell us what happened. You were buying a
newspaper at this local shop, weren't you?
Michael: Yes, I was paying when this man ran in and ...
Reporter: He wasn't armed, was he?
Michael: Well, he had a kitchen knife and he ...
Reporter: He threatened to kill everyone, didn't he?
Michael: No, he told the owner to give him the money
from the till.
Reporter: Were there any other people in the shop?
Michael: Yes, there were four other people.
Reporter: So you took a bottle and hit him, didn't you?
Michael: I did.
Reporter: You haven't been taking self-defence lessons,
have you?
Michael: No, I haven't but I ...
Reporter: But now you will, won't you?
Michael: I don't know.
Reporter: Thank you, Michael. We've been talking to
Michael Franklin, who's saved four lives today. And now ...

You live in this street, don't you?

He wasn't armed, was he?
He threatened to kill everyone, didn't he?
You haven't been taking self-defence lessons,
have you?

N
IT
S

Read the questions (14). Underline the correct

words to complete the rule.

(not) learning self-defence

(not) be in a dangerous situation
(not) want to become a hero
(not) can give first aid
(not) become a police officer

Work in pairs. Ask and answer your questions.

A: You are very brave, aren't you?
B: No, I am not.

50

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24/08/2011 10:09

ner

Match the paragraphs (14) with the topics (ad).

a
b
c
d

1 Lorna Doone was

written by R.D.
Blackmore in 1869
and is a historical
romance set in 17th
century England. It
was a a best-seller
when it came out
and since then at
least ten films have
been made of the
book.

summary and recommendation

description of the plot
introduction and background
opinions about character and plot

Find formal expressions in blue in the text with these

meanings (14).

3 the storys got lots of

4 one more bad thing is

N
IT

1 you should really read it

2 it happens in ...

3.15

Look at the Sentence Builder. How do you say the

linkers in bold in your language?

Sentence Builder Addition linkers

2 The story is about the

love between the heroine, Lorna Doone,
and a farmers son called John Ridd. One
day, young John meets Lorna after finding
his way into the secret valley where she
lives. Later, he finds out that she is from a
family of robbers and murderers but he likes
Lorna and knows it is not her fault she is a
Doone. When he is older, John goes back
to the valley and he and Lorna fall in love.
However, Carver Doone, the murderer of
Johns father, wants to marry Lorna, too and
soon the battle between the two men begins.

1 The plot is full of both action and drama.

2 John Ridd is not only loyal and honest but also brave.
3 Lorna is kind and sensitive as well as beautiful.

P SKILLS BUILDER 30

Text Builder

Look at the book cover. What sort of story

do you think it is? Read the book review
and check your guess.

PL

a
g

3Writing Workshop 3

3 The plot is full of both action and drama and

the main characters are generally interesting.
John Ridd is the strong, silent type who is
not only loyal and honest but also brave. His
enemy, Carver Doone, is also strong and
good-looking but is a violent and evil man.
Lorna is kind and sensitive as well as
extremely beautiful though she is sometimes
a bit too good to be true. Another criticism
that can be made of the book is that the
fight between the good and evil is a bit too
obvious.

Use the cues and the linkers in brackets to write

sentences about Lorna Doone.
1 The Doones: robbers / murderers (both / and)
The Doones were both robbers and murderers.
2 Lorna: beautiful woman / good person (as well as)
3 John: very strong + brave / honest + loyal (not only /
but also)
4 The book: exciting to read / very romantic
(both / and)

SA

SKILLS

4 To sum up, the book is an exciting story of

love and murder. If you enjoy romance and
action, I would definitely recommend reading
this classic story.

Write a short book review.

P SKILLS BUILDER 31
1 Choose a story you have read recently. Write
notes about it using the topics in Exercise 2.
2 Use your notes to write a review.
3 Check spelling, vocabulary and grammar.

Work in groups. Read each others reviews. Which

of the books would you like to read? Tell the class.

51

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24/08/2011 10:09

SKILLS

3Speaking

Workshop 3
1

Look at photo a. Make guesses about:

the place the woman:
her age nationality job
why she is a heroine

Listen to Karen talking about the photo.

Which of her guesses are the same as (or similar to)
yours?

Look at the Talk Builder. Match the functions (ad)

with the groups of expressions in bold (14).

Talk Builder Talking about photos

N
IT
U

a vague language (you use when you dont know the

word or are not sure about something)
b speculation (about the present or the past)
c additions to the end of the sentence (e.g. to clarify
or comment)
d descriptions of position in the photo

3.16 3.17

PL

1 She must be in her mid thirties.

Shes probably from a Muslim country.
It might be Syria or Turkey.
She looks friendly.
She may have done something for poor people.
2 Shes wearing a kind of scarf.
It might be Syria or somewhere like that.
that.
She looks a kind sort of person.
person.

Describe the man in photo b.

P SKILLS BUILDER 47

3 In the background,
background, you can see more children.
Behind her, on the left of the photo,
photo, there is a
notice board.

1 Look at the photo and write notes about

the things below:
where it is
who is in the photo
what else you can see in the photo
(e.g. in the background)
what is happening now
what has happened before
what is going to happen next

SA

4 You can see them clearly, the children I mean

mean.
She must be good at her job, I think.

P SKILLS BUILDER 47

3.18 Pronunciation Listen and repeat the sentences.

Notice the intonation at the end of the sentences.

P SKILLS BUILDER 48 Read the strategies

in the Skills Builder for how to keep talking.

Practise saying sentences.

Complete the sentences.

1 The teacher is fifty and the student about fifteen.
She looks experienced, the teacher I mean.
2 It could be a theatre, or _________ like that.
3 She looks a nice person, I _________ .
4 The police officer is arresting the man. He looks
worried, the _________ I mean.

52

3 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions

about the two photos.

Tell the class your guesses about the photo. Then

check them on page 129.

LEARNING LINKS: 1 Read and listen to an extract from Jane Eyre in Culture Choice 3 on page 106.
Then do a project about a fictional hero or heroine from your country.
2 Check Your Progress 6 MyLab / Workbook page 53.
3 Exam Choice 3 MyLab / Workbook pages 5456. Complete the Module Diary.

M06_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U06.indd 52

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MODULE

9 LEARNING
Objectives: Listen, read and talk about learning and schools; write a blog post with your opinions;

learn more about taking part in conversations; learn more about reported statements.

N
IT

Look at the photos (ac). Find the activities in

the network and add more school subjects.

Your Culture Read the notes on page 130. How

is education in your country different?

4.9 4.10 Listen to three English secondary

students. Which of them is most like you?

Listen again to the first person.

Complete the information in the network.

4.13 Pronunciation Listen to the sentences and write

down the contractions. Then write out the full forms.
Listen again and repeat the sentences.

4.11 4.12

M
PL

TOPIC TALK

SA

School (1)

The subject I like best is 1 geography .

And my least favourite subject is 2_________ .
Id like to drop it and do 3_________ instead.
I suppose Im good at 4_________ but Im not
so good at 5_________ .
Outside class, I 6_________ and 7_________ .
Itd be great to 8_________ .

Extracurricular activities
belong to the cadets (army), choir, debating club,
film club, orchestra, poetry club
do adventure activities, astronomy, chess, climbing,
dancing, painting, sport, voluntary work
learn about carpentry, cookery, first aid/life saving,
personal finance,
write for the school magazine

M09_CHOI_SB_INTGLB_2032_U09.indd 69

Itd be (it would be) great.

LANGUAGE CHOICE 50: VOCABULARY PRACTICE
6

Work in groups. Use the network to talk about your

learning.

Subjects
art and design, business studies, citizenship, drama,
economics, English language/literature, geography, ICT
(information and computer technology), philosophy,
politics, religious education, technology
Learning skills
analysing information/ideas, assessing my progress,
concentrating in class, memorising facts/numbers/
ideas/images, organising my learning, passing exams,
presenting work neatly, solving problems, working in
teams, working online

69

24/08/2011 10:58

3
25 CO-EDUCATION?
Life Education

Warm Up
Look at the photos. Is your school
single-sex or mixed?

P SKILLS BUILDER 21 Use the strategies

in the Skills Builder to match the points of

view (af) with the introduction and the
posts (15) in the magazine. There is one
extra point of view.
a
b
c
d

'I'm totally against single-sex schools.' 3

'Boys do badly in mixed schools.'
'Single-sex schools are old-fashioned.'
'I'm in favour of cooperation between
single-sex schools.'
e 'I can see that there are two sides to
the argument.'
f 'Girls have more freedom at all-girls
schools.'
Read the texts again. Are the arguments
(18) for (F) or against (A) mixed schools?

state schools in the

USA are changing
back to singlesex education.
According to some
American experts,
male and female
brains are not the
same, boys and
they learn differently.
girls develop at a different rate and
to them, there are more
Other experts disagree; according
viduals than between the
learning differences between indi
n better together. They
two genders and girls and boys lear
le-sex schools improve
say there is no evidence that sing
academic performance either.

Im
sex c
thats
impo
and g
with
boys.
too b
such
that!
socia
of em
would
mixed
Simo

What do you think?

PL
E

dis

1 More and more

Reading
2

Th
tim

4.14

N
IT
S

Should we go back to
single-sex schools?

LESSON
LESSON

SKILLS

SA

1 They help you socialise with people of the

opposite sex. F
2 Male and female brains are different.
3 Personality is more important
than gender.
4 These schools educate you for real life.
5 Boys and girls learn differently.
6 Boys do badly because of the way students'
work is marked.
7 Girls dont do technical subjects because of
stereotypes.
8 Sport is too important in all-boys' schools.

Vocabulary Look at the Word Builder. Find

ten more examples of nouns with these
endings in blue in the text.

Word Builder Making nouns

ation:
ment:
ence/ance:
ity:
ship:

cooperation, education
development
difference
ability
championship

LANGUAGE CHOICE 51:

VOCABULARY PRACTICE

I went to a mixed school until last year when I moved to

an all girls school. In my previous school, the boys talked
all the time and there were lots of discipline problems in
class. There were a lot of stereotypes, appearance was
really important and was linked to the girls popularity. There
were only two girls in the ICT classes so I didnt do that as
an option. Now, at my new school, classes are quieter and
we can talk about things more openly. I feel more relaxed in
class, too Im not worried about what the boys think about
me. This year Im doing ICT and Im in the school football
team, too!
Andrea (Birmingham)

4Ig

are w
good
and m
is ver
Id pr
them
is con
some
bette
Alan

Work in pairs. What do you think are/should be the

most important things at school? Order the elements
and give your reasons.
A: I think the most important thing is preparation for the
world of work.
B: I dont agree. I think it should be

friendships with other people

preparation for the world of work
academic performance
passing public examinations
learning about cooperation and teamwork
personal development

Ig
next
beca
we st
Caro

70

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24/08/2011 10:59

The boys talked all the

time
and there were lots of
discipline problems.

LEARNING

Writing
6

Look at the Sentence Builder. How do you say the words

in bold in your language?

N
IT
S

Sentence Builder Example linkers

1 For example, I have more in common with girls.

2 They are obsessed with sports such as football.
3 They dont learn to socialise, like a friend of mine who
is very shy with girls.

P SKILLS BUILDER 35

Complete these sentences about your life.

1 I am interested in subjects such as ____________ .

2 I dont enjoy subjects like ____________ .
3 I would like to study other subjects at school. For
example, ____________ .
4 I have to do things for homework such as ____________ .
5 We do activities outside class like ____________ .

PL
E

4 I go to a mixed school but most of my teachers

SA

are women. In some subjects, I dont get such

good marks because my work is not very neat
and my handwriting is terrible I dont think that
is very fair. We have lots of project work, too but
Id prefer to have examinations as I do better in
them. Also, among the boys in my class studying
is considered a girly thing. If you do well at
something, the others laugh at you. I think Id do
better at an all-boys' school.
Alan (Ipswich)

I go to a girls school but theres a boys school

next door. I think its the best kind of arrangement
because we have lots of social events together but
we study separately.
Carol (Liverpool)

Choose the kind of education you are in favour of

(ad). Think of arguments for it.
You learn to socialise with the opposite sex.
a single-sex schools b mixed education
c single-sex classes in a mixed school
d two single-sex schools that work together

Your Choice

sex classes. I think that its not your gender

thats important but your personality. I think it's
important to have friendships with both boys
and girls. For example, I have more in common
with two or three girls I know than with lots of
boys. I think male single-sex schools are dull,
too because they are obsessed with sports
such as football, cricket and rugby and Id hate
that! Guys at all-boys schools dont learn to
socialise with girls, like a friend of mine who dies
of embarrassment every time he meets a girl. I
wouldnt like to be like him! So Im in favour of
mixed education because it educates you for life.
Simon (Cardiff)

3 Im at a mixed school and Im against single-

Use your notes to write a blog post like those

above. Use the expressions below and give
examples to support your arguments.
Im in favour of because
Im against because

10

Work in groups. Read each others posts. What do

you think? Tell the class.
Were all in favour of mixed education because ...

No Comment
Education is not the filling of a bucket but the
lighting of a fire.
W.B. Yeats, Irish poet

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LESSON
LESSON

GRAMMAR

26 BRAIN POWER
3

Warm Up
1

Look at the photos (ac) on page 73. Which of the

people are doing something good for their brain?

Read the online forum. Were your guesses correct?

What tips about brain power have you learned?

How well do you look after your brain? What good

and bad things do you do?

I've read somewhere that there are ways

to increase brain power. Any tips on that? I
really have to make my brain work at its best
to revise before the exams.

4.15

Replies

Jessica posted 12 April 23:10

1 Go jogging! Until recently, scientists
believed that new brain cells were
not produced after we were born but actually,
physical exercise stimulates the growth of new
brain cells. Running or aerobics can increase your
concentration and learning ability. My science
teacher said running gave him time to think. He
admitted that he hadn't made any big discoveries
on the run but said that running helped his mind
relax.

N
IT

Reported statements
List the verbs in bold from the text that people use
to report peoples words, thoughts or actions.

Read the sentences and see how they are reported

in the text. When does the tense of the original
sentence change?

M
PL
E

Junk food is bad for the brain.

Scientists claim (that) junk food is bad for the brain.
Caffeine and alcohol kill brain cells.
My grandmother thought (that) caffeine and alcohol
killed brain cells.
Write the reported sentences from the text. Name
the verb forms.
1 Oily fish is the best brain food. (Present Simple)

She thought that oily fish was the best brain food.
(Past Simple)

SA

2 We dont produce new brain cells. (Present Simple)

3 These kids are getting poor results in memory tests.
(Present Continuous)
4 He didnt make any big discoveries on the run.
(Past Simple)
5 The rats cant solve problems that they have
already solved. (Present Perfect)
6 Negative people will make you depressed. ((will)
7 The rats cant solve problems. ((can)

believe,

Read the sentences (12) from the text. What were

the original sentences? How did the pronouns in bold
change?
1 He admitted that he hadn't made any big discoveries
but said that running helped his mind relax.
2 My granddad always warned me that negative
people would make me depressed.

Dmitri posted 12 April 22:57

2 Get more sleep. Lack of sleep does
awful things to your concentration and
learning ability. Scientists claim that after 21
hours without sleep (or three late nights and early
mornings) our brain works similarly to someone
who is drunk. When we sleep, the brain processes
new information and even solves problems. The
Russian chemist Mendeleev invented the periodic
table in a dream.
Jonathan posted 12 April 17:28
3 You should always eat breakfast. But
watch what you eat! Scientists studied
kids who usually had fizzy drinks and sugary
snacks for breakfast. After the study they
announced that these kids were getting the same
results as 70-year-olds in memory tests. My
grandmother thought caffeine and alcohol killed
brain cells. She often told me that oily fish, like
salmon or tuna, was the best brain food and she
was right. Also, scientists claim that junk food
is bad for the brain. I recently read about an
experiment on rats that were given only junk food
to eat. The authors said that the rats couldn't
solve problems that they had already solved
before.
Maria posted 11 April 12:02
4 Being happy and positive helps the brain
so find friends who have a good sense
of humour and avoid people who complain. My
granddad always warned me that being with
negative people would make me depressed.

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LEARNING

4.15

Grammar Alive Reporting (1)

ur

1 Brian said they had started many

years earlier.

dic

Practice
8

ain

Match the reported statements (14) with the time the original
words were said (ab).
1 She said she had failed the exam.
exam.
2 She said she would fail the exam.

a after the exam

b before the exam

3 The student thought the test was going

to be easy.
4 The student thought the test was easy.

12

Use the beginnings in brackets to report what Mary, a brain

scientist, said in an interview.
1 Im interested in brain chemistry. (She said ... )
I failed some tests in primary school. (She admitted ... )
My team have done lots of work. (She reported ... )
Were going to study emotions. (She says ... )
There will be more and more research into abstract thinking.
(She believes ... )
6 Im working on learning styles. (She told us ... )
7 I dont remember peoples names. (She admitted ... )
8 Alcohol can cause brain damage. (She warned ... )

4.17 Listen to a students statements

and report her words in your
notebook.

Work in pairs. Write three sentences

about your true or made-up
achievements, habits, interests, etc.
Share them with your partner.
I am learning Russian. Ive won a song
contest. I am a fast reader.

She said that she was interested in brain chemistry.

2
3
4
5

2 Brian said they trained over ten

thousand people a year.
3 Brian said they taught people how
to concentrate more effectively.
4 Brian said that we couldnt improve
our learning ability.
5 Brian said they were interested in
memory.
6 Brian said they had worked out a
memory training programme.
7 Brian said they had three new
courses on offer.

She said that she slept too little and that

she drank too much coffee.

b before the test

LANGUAGE CHOICE 52

11

during the test

SA

M
PL
E

incorrect Brian said they had

started three years earlier.

es

Listen to an interview with

Brian, talking about speed learning.
Which of the reported statements
below are correct? Correct the ones
which are not.

N
IT

4.16

10

13

Work with another person. Report to

them what your previous
partner said.
She said she was learning Russian. She
said she had won a song contest. She
claimed she was a fast reader.

LANGUAGE CHOICE 53

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LESSON
L
ESSON

SKILLS

3
27 SCHOOL LIFE

DVD Choice

Warm Up

a The teacher gives him a punishment.

b Dennis doesnt hand in his homework.
c Dennis is having breakfast and listening to
the radio.
d Dennis makes a joke.
e His notebook catches fire on the toaster.

Vocabulary Use the vocabulary network to answer

the questions.
What sort of school do you go to?
What facilities has your school got?
What equipment have your classrooms got?
What is the atmosphere in your school like?
Which rules do you have at your school?

Schools:
UK: primary (4/511), secondary
(e.g. comprehensive school)
(1118), sixth-form college
(1618)
US: elementary school (511),
middle school (1114), high
school (1418)

Atmosphere:
competitive, friendly,
laid-back, lively, noisy, relaxed,
serious, sociable, strict
Problems:
aggressive behaviour,
bullying, fighting,

SCHOOL (2)

Facilities:
science/computer/language
lab, sports hall/gym, theatre/
assembly hall, library
Equipment:
computers, projectors and
screens, high-speed internet
access/wi-

1 The radio news was about an asteroid that

might hit the Earth. T
2 The teacher gets very angry because of
Denniss excuse.
3 The teacher makes Dennis do extra
homework.
4 The teacher will not punish Dennis if
the world ends at 3.20 because of the
asteroid.
5 The teacher is in a bad mood because he
has had too much coffee.

Has anything ever happened to your

homework? Did your teacher believe you?
What is the funniest excuse you have
heard in class?

PL

Rules:
arrive on time, attend school
daily, hand in homework on
time, leave personal items at
home (e.g. phones), no hats/
hoods/jewellery,
wear a uniform

DVD 9 Watch again. Are the sentences

true (T) or false (F)?

IT
S

1
2
3
4
5

Watch the extract from a BBC

programme without sound and order the
events (ae). Watch the extract with sound
and check your guesses.
DVD 9

LANGUAGE CHOICE 54: VOCABULARY PRACTICE

Work in pairs. Listen to two exchange students

(Alice and Polly) talking about their schools. Student A
answers the questions in Exercise 1 for Alice.
Student B answers the questions for Polly.
4.18 4.19

Listen again and answer the

questions.
4.18 4.19

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1 Which of the two girls is more

enthusiastic about her school?
2 What are the girls favourite
extracurricular activities?
3 Where do Pollys ideas about US
high schools come from?
4 What kind of problems were
there in Alice's old school?
5 What is Polly surprised about?
6 What are they both looking
forward to?

74

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4.2

th
lis
ma
(1

SA

Wat

Listening

24/08/2011 10:59

9
8

C
r the
sound

LEARNING

Look at the Talk Builder. Which of the expressions (a or b)

are more formal?

Talk Builder Asking for permission

1 Attract attention:
a Excuse me, Miss Roberts. b Hey, Katie!
2 Ask to speak to someone:
a I want to speak to you. b Could I possibly have a word
with you, please?
3 Make a request:
a Can I ... ?/Cant I ... ? b Would it be all right if I ... ? / Is it
okay if I ... ?
4 Refuse permission:
a Sorry. b I am sorry but ...
5 Give permission:
a Oh, all right. b Yes, you can do that.
6 Try to end a conversation:
a Im sorry but I really must be going. b Look, Ive really
got to go.
7 Say goodbye:
a Bye, see you. b Goodbye. See you on Monday.

t.
rk.
ning to

aster.

ces

IT

oid that

se of

f
he

se he

10

4.21 Listen and repeat the questions and replies.

Notice the intonation.

Complete the dialogues with words and expressions from the

Talk Builder.

PL
E

you?
e

P SKILLS BUILDER 52

A: 1 Excuse me , Mr Smith. Could I possibly 2_________ with you,

please? I need more time for my maths homework. 3_________
all right if I handed it in tomorrow?
B: Yes, you 4_________ that. Im 5_________ I really must be going.

C: 6_________ , Sam. I want to speak to you. 7_________ borrow

your dictionary?
D: 8_________ , Annie. Its at home.
C: Well, 9_________ come round and get it?
D: Oh, 10_________ .

Watching and Speaking

4.20 DVD 10 P SKILLS BUILDER 9 Use

the strategies in the Skills Builder to
listen to or watch two dialogues and
match the people with their intentions
(17). There is one extra intention.

SA
M

11

Work in pairs. Act out the dialogues above. Change the things
to ask for.

12

Choose two situations to act out one from each list

(12). Think of imaginative reasons.

Jamie (J) Miss Roberts (MR) Katie (K)

doesnt want to help the other person K
wants to borrow something
needs to get to a class
wants to invite someone to a match
wants to get to a meeting
wants more time for a project
wants to arrange to meet

1 You want permission from your teacher to:

a miss an exam.
b leave school early.
c use a computer in an exam.
2 You want to:
a use a friends computer.
b borrow a schoolmates laptop.
c come to his/her house to study together.
13

Your Choice

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Work in pairs. Act out the dialogues. Make it difficult for

your partner!
A: Is it all right if I arrive late?
B: Why are you going to be late? Im sorry but

75

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Language Review Modules 8 and 9

A:
B:
A:
B:

Youre going on holiday tomorrow? Lucky you!

Yes, we 27_______ (leave) the house at 6.30.
What time 28_______ (you arrive) in New York?
Tomorrow afternoon. This time tomorrow 29_______
(we walk) around Manhattan.
A: 30_______ (you go) to the NBA shop?
B: Yes, 31_______ (I definitely go) there!
/5
Pronouns Complete the sentences with myself,
ourselves, himself or each other (x 2))..

32
33
34
35
36

take/Making nouns Complete the text with

the correct form of the words in brackets and
prepositions where needed.

PL

Cause linkers/Example linkers/Reduced relative

clauses Join sentences 1923 using the words in
brackets. Re-write sentences 2426 as reduced
relative clauses.

SA

19 There is a lot of pollution. It is caused by exhaust

fumes from cars. (due
(due to)
to)
20 Forest fires are increasing. The reason for this is
climate change. (because
(because of)
of
21 I always walk everywhere. I have not got a car. (as)
(
22 We should find new ways to save energy. Car
sharing is one example. ((such as)
23 I am in favour of renewable energies. Solar
energy is one type. ((like)
24 There are a lot of accidents on that road. The
accidents are happening because people drive
too fast.
25 Scientists have produced a new report. The
scientists are working on climate change.
26 People consume twice as much energy as those
in the UK. These people are living in the USA.
/8

76

I got up and looked at _______ in the mirror.

We painted the bedrooms at home _______ .
My neighbours are friendly and we help _______ .
My brother hurt _______ when he fell over.
We have known _______ since we were four. /5

Reported statements Report the statements below.

37
38
39
40
41
42

I go to an experimental school with no classes or

teachers the adults are advisers who 9_______ (take
care) our learning. The first big 10_______ (differ) from
other schools is that there are no classrooms but one
big room with the 11_______ (appear) of a modern
office. Students can 12_______ (take part) group
projects and can also 13_______ (take break) when
they want. There are no compulsory 14_______ (exam)
but the students' academic 15_______ (perform) is
above average for the USA. I like the school because
it is a more creative type of 16_______ (educate). If
you 17_______ (take advantage) the school you learn a
lot, like 18_______ (cooperate) with other people.
/10

IT
S

I live in a subtropical 1_______ and the temperature

never drops 2_______ freezing. The biggest problem
is traffic and air 3_______ and this causes health
problems. I think people should use their cars less and
I always try to walk or 4_______ everywhere.
I go to a big secondary school which is very friendly.
The only thing I dont like is that we have to wear
a 5_______ . At school, I do well at science and the
6
_______ I like best is biology. However, Id like to
drop PE and do drama 7_______ . Outside class, I do
debating. Itd be 8_______ to learn cookery because it
is so useful.
/8

Future Continuous Complete the dialogue with the

Future Continuous form of the verb in brackets.

Environment/School Complete the texts with the

correct words.

Im good at remembering dates. (He said ... )

I have never failed an exam. (She told us ... )
Not sleeping can be unhealthy. (He warned )
There will be more computers. (He believes )
I'm bad at doing homework. (He admitted )
ICT is going to be important. (He told us ... ) /6

Agreeing and disagreeing (2)/Asking for permission

Complete the dialogues.
A: Excuse me. Could I 43_______ have a word with
you? 44_______ it be all right if I used a computer
in the exam?
B: I am 45_______ but we dont usually allow that.
A: But I hurt my finger. Is it 46_______ if I use one
just this time?
A: I think ICT classes are great, 47_______ you?
B: No, I dont think 48_______ . Theyre not interesting.
Dont you agree?
A: No, I 49_______ .
B: But maths is more useful. Dont you think 50_______ ?
/8

Self Assessment
4.22 Listen and check your answers. Write down the
scores. Use the table to find practice exercises.

Exercise
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

If you need practice, go to

Language Choice 43 and 50
Language Choice 46 and 51
SB p.67 ex.5, p.71 ex.7; Language Choice 47
Language Choice 44
Language Choice 48 and 49
Language Choice 52 and 53
SB p.68 ex.5, p.75 ex.10

LEARNING LINKS: 1 Check Your Progress 9 MyLab / Workbook page 81. Complete the Module Diary.
2 Sound Choice 5 MyLab / Workbook page 82. Choose three pronunciation activities to do.

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