SQL> select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

FOR
---
NO

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u03/oradata/car/arc
Oldest online log sequence 5
Next log sequence to archive 6
Current log sequence 6
SQL>

SQL> alter database force logging;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;

no rows selected

SQL>

Usage: orapwd file=<fname> password=<password> entries=<users> force=<y/n>

where
file - name of password file (mand),
password - password for SYS (mand),
entries - maximum number of distinct DBA and force - whether to overwrite existing
file (opt),
OPERs (opt),
There are no spaces around the equal-to (=) character.

bash-3.00$ orapwd file=orapwcar password=car entries=5 force=y

bash-3.00$ ls *car*
initcar.ora orapwcar spfilecar.ora

SQL> show parameter remote

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_archive_enable string true
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
SQL>

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE specifies whether Oracle checks for a password

file.
Values:
shared
One or more databases can use the password file. The password file can contain SYS as
well as non-SYS users.
exclusive
The password file can be used by only one database. The password file can contain SYS
as well as non-SYS users.
none
Oracle ignores any password file. Therefore, privileged users must be authenticated by
the operating system.

Note:
When REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE is set to either exclusive or shared, but the
password file does not exist, then the behavior is the same as setting
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE to none.

Configure a Standby Redo log.

The size of the standby redo log files should match the size of the current Primary
database online redo log files. To find out the size of your online redo log files:

SQL> select (bytes/1024)/1024 from v$log;

(BYTES/1024)/1024
-----------------
100
100
SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;

GROUP# MEMBER
---------- -----------------------------------
1 /u03/oradata/car/r1a.log
1 /u03/oradata/car/r1b.log
2 /u03/oradata/car/r2a.log
2 /u03/oradata/car/r2b.log

SQL> SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 3

('/u03/oradata/stan/red1a.log','/u03/oradata/stan/red2b.log') size 100m;
Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4

('/u03/oradata/stan/red1c.log','/u03/oradata/stan/red2d.log') size 100m;

Database altered.

SQL> select GROUP#,STATUS from v$standby_log;

GROUP# STATUS
---------- ----------
3 UNASSIGNED
4 UNASSIGNED

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

db_name=PRIM

db_unique_name=PRIM

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(PRIM,STAN)'

LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG enables or disables the sending of redo logs to remote

destinations and the receipt of remote redo logs, and specifies the unique database
names (DB_UNIQUE_NAME) for each database in the Data Guard configuration.
Values:
SEND
Enables the sending of redo logs to remote destinations
NOSEND
Disables the sending of redo logs to remote destinations
RECEIVE
Enables the receipt of remotely archived redo logs
NORECEIVE
Disables the receipt of remotely archived redo logs
DG_CONFIG
Specifies a list of up to 9 unique database names (defined with the DB_UNIQUE_NAME
initialization parameter) for all of the databases in the Data Guard configuration.
NODG_CONFIG
Eliminates the list of service provider names previously specified with the DG_CONFIG
option.

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
'LOCATION=F:\Oracle\flash_recovery_area\PRIM\ARCHIVELOG

The archiver process (ARCn ) or log writer process (LGWR) can be configured to
archive online redo logs to a maximum of 10 destinations. These destinations are
specified using the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n (where n is a number from 1 to 10)
database initialization parameter. One destination must be a local directory, but others
can be at remote destinations. A remote destination is identified by an Oracle Net
network service name, which is defined in the appropriate network services configuration
files.
Archiving redo logs to a remote destination requires uninterrupted connectivity through
Oracle Net. If the destination is a remote physical standby database, it must be mounted
or open in read-only mode to receive the archived redo logs.

VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)

The valid_for attribute takes two parameters, the archival_source parameter and the
database_role parameter. The archival_source parameter defines when the destination is
used. Valid settings for this parameter are as follows:

ONLINE_LOGFILE This destination is used only when archiving online redo log files.
This destination is not used when archiving standby redo log files, or if log files are
being received from another database.

STANDBY_LOGFILE This destination is used only when standby redo log files are being
archived or if archived redo logs are being received from another database.

ALL_LOGFILES This destination can be used in either role, archiving online or standby
redo log files.

The database_role parameter is the second parameter of the valid_for attribute. As the
name implies, this parameter defines the role of the database that the parameter is
associated with and, thus, when the archive log destination will be used. Valid settings
for this parameter are as follows:

PRIMARY_ROLE This destination is used only when the database is in the primary
database role.

STANDBY_ROLE This destination is used only when the database is in a standby role.
This applies to both physical and logical standby databases.

ALL_ROLES Open the barn doors Bessie! This destination is used if the database is in
primary or standby mode.
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=PRIM'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=

'SERVICE=STAN LGWR ASYNC

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=STAN'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30

Parameter type Integer

Default value 2
Modifiable ALTER SYSTEM
Range of values 1 to 30
Basic No

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES specifies the number of archiver background

processes (ARC0 through ARC9) Oracle initially invokes.

remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

FAL_SERVER=STAN

FAL_SERVER specifies the FAL (fetch archive log) server for a standby database. The
value is an Oracle Net service name, which is assumed to be configured properly on the
standby database system to point to the desired FAL server.

FAL_CLIENT=PRIMCAR

FAL_CLIENT specifies the FAL (fetch archive log) client name that is used by the FAL
service, configured through the FAL_SERVER parameter, to refer to the FAL client. The
value is an Oracle Net service name, which is assumed to be configured properly on the
FAL server system to point to the FAL client (standby database).
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT enables or disables automatic standby file
management. When automatic standby file management is enabled, operating system file
additions and deletions on the primary database are replicated on the standby database.
Values:
MANUAL
disables automatic standby file management
AUTO
enables automatic standby file management

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\STAN\DATAFILE','E:\
oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\PRIM\DATAFILE'

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT is useful for creating a duplicate database for recovery

purposes. It converts the filename of a new datafile on the primary database to a
filename on the standby database. If you add a datafile to the primary database, you
must add a corresponding file to the standby database. When the standby database is
updated, this parameter converts the datafile name on the primary database to the
datafile name on the standby database. The file on the standby database must exist and
be writable, or the recovery process will halt with an error.

LOG_FLE_NAME_CONVERT=’E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\STAN\ONLINELOG’,
’E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\PRIM\ONLINELOG’,’F:\Oracle\flash_recovery_area
\STAN\ONLINELOG’,’F:\
Oracle\flash_recovery_area\PRIM\ONLINELOG’

LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT converts the filename of a new log file on the primary

database to the filename of a log file on the standby database. If you add a log file to the
primary database, you must add a corresponding file to the standby database

SQL>STARTUP
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 104857600 bytes

Fixed Size 1217932 bytes
Variable Size 96471668 bytes
Database Buffers 4194304 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE;

SQL>STARTUP FORCE
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 104857600 bytes

Fixed Size 1217932 bytes
Variable Size 96471668 bytes
Database Buffers 4194304 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
/db_1/dbs/spfilecar.ora

SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>

Create a copy of Primary database data files on the Standby Server:

Copy the data files and temp files over.

Copy the online logs over.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 104857600 bytes

Fixed Size 1217932 bytes
Variable Size 96471668 bytes
Database Buffers 4194304 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/u03/oradata/stan/stan.ctl';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.
Copy the Primary DB pfile to Standby server and rename/edit the file.

bash-3.00$ cp spfilecar.ora spfilestan.ora

bash-3.00$ scp spfilestan.ora ocvmrh2118:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

spfilestan.ora 100% 3584
3.5KB/s 00:00

Rename it to pfileSTAN.ora, and modify the file as follows. : (Here the file paths
are from a windows system. For UNIX system, specify the path accordingly)

**.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/admin/stan/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0'
*.control_files='/u03/oradata/stan/stan.ctl','/u03/oradata/stan/stand.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/admin/stan/cdump'
*.db_block_buffers=100# SMALL
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=8# SMALL
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u03/oradata/car','/u03/oradata/stan'
*.db_files=80# SMALL
*.db_name='car'
*.db_unique_name=stan
*.FAL_CLIENT=stan
*.FAL_SERVER=car
*.instance_name='car'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(PRIM,STAN)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u03/oradata/stan/arc
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
db_unique_name=stan'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=car LGWR ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=car'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.log_buffer=32768# SMALL
*.log_checkpoint_interval=10000
*.LOG_FiLE_NAME_CONVERT='/u03/oradata/car','/u03/oradata/stan'
*.max_dump_file_size='10240'# limit trace file size to 5 Meg each
*.parallel_max_servers=5# SMALL
*.processes=50# SMALL
*.shared_pool_size=67232153# SMALL
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
*.undo_management='auto'
*.undo_retention=900
*.undo_tablespace='undotbs'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/admin/stan/udump'

(Note: Not all the parameter entries are listed here.

For DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT - Specify the location of the primary DB datafiles

followed by the standby location;

For LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT - Specify the location of the primary DB online redo

log files followed by the standby location)

SERVER>show parameter fal

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
fal_client string PRIMCAR
fal_server string STAN

SQL> alter system set fal_client=CAR;

System altered.

SQL> show parameter fal

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
fal_client string CAR
fal_server string STAN

On Standby server, create all required directories for dump and archived log
destination:

Copy the standby control file ‘STAN.ctl’ from primary to standby

destinations ;

Copy the Primary password file to standby and rename it to pwdSTAN.ora.

On Primarysystem: use Oracle Net Manager to configure a listener for PRIM and
STAN. Then restart the listener.

On Standby server: use Net Manager to configure a listener for PRIM and STAN.
Then restart the listener.

Create Oracle Net service names.

On Primary system: use Oracle Net Manager to create network service names for
PRIM and STAN. Check tnsping to both services:
$tnsping PRIM

$tnsping STAN

On Standby system: use Oracle Net Manager to create network service names for
PRIM and STAN. Check tnsping to both services:

$tnsping PRIM

$tnsping STAN

On Standby server, setup the environment variables to point to the Standby

database.
Set up ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID.

Start up nomount the standby database and generate a spfile.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 104857600 bytes

Fixed Size 1217932 bytes
Variable Size 96471668 bytes
Database Buffers 4194304 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> shutdown
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 -
Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
bash-3.00$ sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Dec 24 07:12:55 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: /as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 104857600 bytes

Fixed Size 1217932 bytes
Variable Size 96471668 bytes
Database Buffers 4194304 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>

On the standby database, to start redo apply:

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

If you ever need to stop log apply services:

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

If you want the redo data to be applied as it is received without waiting for
the current standby redo log file to be archived, enable the real-time apply.