Scribd
Upload
442 views2 pages

Unit-Iv Angle Modulation: Notes-29 Spectrum Analysis of Sinusoidal FM Wave

The document discusses the spectrum analysis of a sinusoidal frequency modulated (FM) wave. It shows that the FM wave can be represented as the sum of its in-phase and quadrature components multiplied by a complex envelope that is a periodic function of the modulation frequency. The complex envelope can be expressed as an infinite sum of Bessel functions multiplied by the carrier frequency plus integer multiples of the modulation frequency. This results in the FM wave spectrum being discrete, with sidebands located at intervals of the modulation frequency from the carrier frequency. The strength of each sideband is determined by the Bessel function of the modulation index.

Uploaded by

himeshemraan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
442 views2 pages

Unit-Iv Angle Modulation: Notes-29 Spectrum Analysis of Sinusoidal FM Wave

The document discusses the spectrum analysis of a sinusoidal frequency modulated (FM) wave. It shows that the FM wave can be represented as the sum of its in-phase and quadrature components multiplied by a complex envelope that is a periodic function of the modulation frequency. The complex envelope can be expressed as an infinite sum of Bessel functions multiplied by the carrier frequency plus integer multiples of the modulation frequency. This results in the FM wave spectrum being discrete, with sidebands located at intervals of the modulation frequency from the carrier frequency. The strength of each sideband is determined by the Bessel function of the modulation index.

Uploaded by

himeshemraan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

www.jntuworld.

com

www.jwjobs.net

ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS
LECTURE NOTES-29

UNIT-IV

UNIT-IV
ANGLE MODULATION
Notes-29
Spectrum Analysis of Sinusoidal FM Wave:

The FM Wave for sinusoidal modulation is given by
S (t ) = AC cos[2f c t + sin 2f m t ]

(1)



Expending, we have
S (t ) = AC cos 2f c t cos( sin 2f m t ) AC sin 2f c t. sin ( sin 2f m t )

( 2)

Here, the impulse and Quadrature components of an FM wave can be taken as


S I ( H ) = AC cos( sin 2f m t )
Sa (t ) = AC sin ( sin 2f m t )

The complex envelope of the FM wave equals to


~
S (t ) = S I (t ) + jS Q (t )
= AC exp( j sin 2f m t )

(5)

This has the complete information about the modulation process. FM wave S(t)
~
can also be obtained in terms of the complex envelope S (t )

S (t ) = Re [ AC exp( j 2f c t + j sin 2f m t )]
~
= Re S (t ) exp( j 2f c t )

( 6)
In equation (5) complex envelope is a periodic function with time, with
fundamental frequency equal to the modulation frequency.
Now using complex Fourier series,

~
n
S (t ) = Cn exp j 2f m t

(7 )

n=

1 / 2 fm

~
S (t ) exp( j 2f t )dt
n

When C n = f m

1 / 2 fm
1 / 2 fm

exp( j sin(2f t ) j 2f t )dt


n

C n = AC f m

(8)

1 / 2 fm

Let x = 2f m t for convenience

Cn =


AC
2

(9)

exp[i( sin x nx )]dx

(10)

The above integral represents the nth order Bessel function of the first kind with
as argument. This is represented by symbol Jn(),
i.e., J n ( ) =

1
2

exp[ j ( sin x ns )]dx

(11)

Now C n = AC J n ( )

D.TIRUMALA RAO ECE GMRIT


Ref: Analog & Digital Communications

(12)

Page 1 of 2
Simon Haykins

www.jntuworld.com

www.jntuworld.com

www.jwjobs.net

ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS
LECTURE NOTES-29

The complex envelope of the FM wave is

S (t ) = AC J n ( ) exp( j 2nf m t )

UNIT-IV

(13)

n =

Substituting (13) in (6), we have

S (t ) = AC J n ( ) cos[2 ( f c + nf m )t ]

(14)

n =







This is the Fourier series representation of singletone FM wave S(t) for arbitrary
.
The discrete spectrum of S(t) is obtained by Fourier Transform.
A
S ( f ) = C J n ( )[S ( f f c nf m ) + S ( f + f c + nf m )]

(15)
2 n =
The plots of Bessel function Jn() versus modulation index for n= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
figure
are shown.
In these for fixed n, Jn() alternates between positive and negative values for
increasing and that Jn( ) approaches zero as approaches infinity.

D.TIRUMALA RAO ECE GMRIT


Ref: Analog & Digital Communications

Page 2 of 2
Simon Haykins

www.jntuworld.com

You might also like