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Structural Dynamics 3DOF

This document provides the solution to a structural dynamics problem involving determining the response over time of a two-story shear building subjected to two different excitations. The problem is solved using matrix analysis and modal superposition to determine natural frequencies, mode shapes, modal forces, participation factors, and maximum response values.

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macynthia26
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1K views6 pages

Structural Dynamics 3DOF

This document provides the solution to a structural dynamics problem involving determining the response over time of a two-story shear building subjected to two different excitations. The problem is solved using matrix analysis and modal superposition to determine natural frequencies, mode shapes, modal forces, participation factors, and maximum response values.

Uploaded by

macynthia26
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

Problem Set No.


M.S. Civil Engineering
Forced Motion of Shear Building
1. Determine the response as a function of time for the two-story shear building shown when a
constant force of 5,000 lb is suddenly applied at the level of the second floor as shown in the
figure below. Bays are 15 ft. apart. Use E = 30 x 106 psi, IW10X21 = 106.30 in4, and IW10X45 = 248.60
in4
Figure:

W2 = 26,500 lb
20 psf
W 10 X 21

5000 lb
10'

W1 = 52,500 lb
20 psf
W 10 X 45

15'

30'

Solution:
a. Natural Frequencies and Modal Shapes
Computing for the weights and masses of each member:
W1= 52,500 lbs + 20 psf x 12.5 ft. x 15 ft. x 2 = 60,000 lbs.
W2= 26,500 lbs + 20 psf x 5 ft. x 15 ft. x 2 = 29,500 lbs.
m1= 60,000 lbs. / (32.2 ft/sec2 x 12 in/ft.) = 155.280 lb-sec2/in
m2= 29,500 lbs. / (32.2 ft/sec2 x 12 in/ft.) = 76.346 lb-sec2/in
Computing for the weights stiffness of each story (assume rigid and fixed at two ends):
k = 12E(2I) / L3
k1= 12 x 30 x 106 x 2 x 248.60 / (15 x 12)3 = 30,691.358 lb/in
k2= 12 x 30 x 106 x 2 x 106.30 / (10 x 12)3 = 44,291.667 lb/in
Computing for the natural frequencies of the structure (using matrix analysis):

(155.280 x 76.346) 4 [(30,691.358 + 44,291.667) x (76.346)


+ 155.28 x 44,291.667] 2 + 30,691.358 x 44,291.667 = 0
11,855.01 4 12,602,264.08 2 + 1,359,371,408 = 0
12 = 941.203;
1 = 30.679 rad/sec
22 = 121.830;
2 = 11.038 rad/sec
Computing for corresponding frequencies and natural periods:

= 4.8827 cycles per sec.


= 1.7568 cycles per sec.

= 0.2048 sec.
= 0.5692 sec.
Computing for the modal frequencies:
(k1 + k2 2 m1) a11 k2a21 = 0
-k2a11 + (k2 - 2 m2) a21 = 0
--------------------------------------------- 71,166.977 a11 44,291.667 a21 = 0
if a11 = 1.0, a21 = 1.607

1.607
56,065.263 a11 44,291.667 a21 = 0

if a11 = 1.0, a21 = 1.266

1.266

a 21 = 1.607

a 21 = 1.266

a 11= 1.000

a 11= 1.000

= 30.679 rad/sec

first mode

= 11.038 rad/sec

second mode
NORMAL MODES

b. Orthogonality Properties of Normal Modes and Modal Forces


Computing for the Orthogonality Property of the Normal Modes:

orthogonality relationship between modal shapes of a two degree-of-freedom system:

for diagonal mass matrix:

(155.28)(1.00)2 + (76.346)(1.266)2 = 277.644


(155.28)(1.00)2 + (76.346)(- 1.607)2 = 352.440
(155.28)(1.00)2 + (76.346)(1.266)2 = 277.644
(155.28)(1.00)2 + (76.346)(- 1.607)2 = 352.440
1.00
11 = ---------------- = 0.06001 ;
277.644

1.00
12 = --------------- = 0.05327
352.440

1.266
21 = ---------------- = 0.07598 ;
277.644

22 =

Computing for modal force P(t) using the normal modes:

-1.607
--------------= - 0.0856
352.440

P1 (t) = (1.00 x 0) + (1.266 x 5000)


P1 (t) = 6,330 lbs.
P2 (t) = (1.00 x 0) + (-1.607 x 5000)
P2 (t) = 8,035 lbs.
Computing for modal force using normalized modes, P:
P1 (t) = (0.06001 x 0) + (0.0798 x 5000)
P1 (t) = 379.90 lbs.
P2 (t) = (0.05327 x 0) + (-0.0856 x 5000)
P2 (t) = 428 lbs.
c. Participation Factor and Response Equation of Motion
Computing for the participation factors:

1 = - (155.28 x 0.06001 + 76.346 x 0.07598) = - 15.11912


2 = - (155.28 x 0.05327 + 76.346 x -0.0856) = - 1.73655
Computing for the response equation of motion, u(t):

u1(t) = a11

[ P (t) / xt)(1 cos] + a [ P (t) / xt)(1 cos ]


1

2
1

12

2
2

= 1.000 [379.90 / 11.0382 x (1 cos 11.038t)] + 1.00 [-428 / 30.6792 x (1 cos 30.679t)]
u1(t) = 3.1181 3.1181cos11.038t 0.4547 + 0.4547cos30.679t
u1(t) = 2.6634 3.1181cos11.038t + 0.4547cos30.679t

u2(t) = a21

[ P (t) / xt)(1 cos] + a [ P (t) / xt)(1 cos ]


1

2
1

22

2
2

= 1.266 [379.90 / 11.038 x (1 cos 11.038t)] 1.607 [-428 / 30.6792 x (1 cos 30.679t)]

u1(t) = 3.9475 3.9475cos11.038t + 0.7308 0.7308cos30.679t


u1(t) = 4.6783 3.9475cos11.038t + 0.7308cos30.679t
Computing for the maximum values of response, setting the maximum value of cosine as (-1):
u1(t) = 1.000 [379.90 / 11.0382 x (1 cos )] + 1.00 [-428 / 30.6792 x (1 cos )]
u1(t)max = 5.3267 in.
u2(t) = 1.266 [379.90 / 11.0382 x (1 cos )] 1.607 [-428 / 30.6792 x (1 cos )]
u2(t) max = 9.3565 in.

2. Repeat the problem above if the excitation is applied to the base of the structure in the form of a
suddenly applied acceleration of magnitude 0.5 g.
Solution:
..

us = 0.5 x 32.2 ft / sec2 x 12 in / sec2


..
us = 193.20 in / sec.2

Computing for the modal equations:

Computing for the modal response:

Computing for the maximum modal response, setting the cosine value of maximum (-1):

Computing for the response equation, u(t):

Computing for the maximum response, setting the cosine value of maximum (-1):

Computing for the maximum response:

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