Law116 A4 SanPabloVCIR
Law116 A4 SanPabloVCIR
Law116 A4 SanPabloVCIR
VCIR
AlfredBenedictT.SanAndres Law116LegalMethod GroupA4
FACTS:
San Pablo Manufacturing Corporation was assessed and ordered to pay by the Commissioner
of Internal Revenue millers tax and manufacturers sales tax, among other deficiency taxes, for
taxable year 1987 particularly on SPMCs sales of crude oil to United Coconut Chemicals, Inc.
(UNICHEM) while the deficiency sales tax was applied on its sales of corn and edible oil as
manufacturedproducts.
SPMCopposedtheassessments.TheCommissionerofInternalRevenuedenieditsprotest.
SPMC appealed the denial of its protest to the Court of Tax Appeals (CTA) by way of a
petition for review. docketed as CTA Case No. 5423. It insists on the liberal application of the
rules because, on the merits of the petition, SPMC was not liable for the 3% millers tax. It
maintains that the crude oil which it sold to UNICHEM was actually exported by UNICHEM
as an ingredient of fatty acid and glycerine, hence, not subject to millers tax pursuant to Section
168 of the 1987 Tax Code. Since UNICHEM, the buyer of SPMCs milled products,
subsequentlyexportedsaidproducts,SPMCshouldbeexemptedfromthemillerstax.
ISSUE:
WoNSPMCssaleofcrudecoconutoiltoUNICHEMwassubjecttothe3%millerstask.NO
RULING:
The language of the exempting clause of Section 168 of the 1987 Tax Code was clear. Tax
exemption applied only to the exportation of rope, coconut oil, palm oil, copra byproducts and
dessicated coconuts, whether in their original state or as an ingredient or part of any
manufactured article or products, by the proprietor or operator of the factory or by the miller
himself.
Where the law enumerates the subject or condition upon which it applies, it is to be
construed as excluding from its effects all those not expressly mentioned. Expressio
uniusestexclusioalterius.Thisisappliedtointerpretthestatute.
The rule of expressio unius est exclusio alterius is a canon of restrictive interpretation. Its
application in this case is consistent with the construction of tax exemptions in strictissimi juris
against the taxpayer. To allow SPMCs claim for tax exemption will violate these established
principlesandundulyderogatesovereignauthority.