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Google: Contents (

Google is an American multinational corporation specializing in internet services and products like search engines, advertising, cloud computing and software. It was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin and has grown rapidly through acquisitions and partnerships beyond its core search engine to offer products like Gmail, Google Drive, Google Docs and more.

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40 views4 pages

Google: Contents (

Google is an American multinational corporation specializing in internet services and products like search engines, advertising, cloud computing and software. It was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin and has grown rapidly through acquisitions and partnerships beyond its core search engine to offer products like Gmail, Google Drive, Google Docs and more.

Uploaded by

Jeelian Leong
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Google /!u"!

(#)l/ is an American multinational corporation specializing in


Internet-related services and products. These include online advertising
technologies, search, cloud computing, and software.
[6]
Most of its
prots are derived from AdWords.
[7][8]
Google was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were
Ph.D. students at Stanford University. Together they own about 14
percent of its shares but control 56 of the stockholder voting power
through supervoting stock. They incorporated Google as a privately held
company on September 4, 1998. An initial public offering followed on
August 19, 2004. Its mission statement from the outset was "to organize
the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful,"
[9]

and its unofcial slogan was "Don't be evil."
[10][11]
In 2004, Google
moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed
the Googleplex.
[12]
Rapid growth since incorporation has triggered a chain of products,
acquisitions and partnerships beyond Google's core search engine. It
offers online productivity software including email (Gmail), a cloud
storage service (Google Drive), an ofce suite (Google Docs) and a
social networking service (Google+). Desktop products include
applications for web browsing, organizing and editing photos, and instant
messaging. The company leads the development of the Android mobile
operating system and the browser-only Chrome OS
[13]
for a netbook
known as a Chromebook. Google has moved increasingly into
communications hardware: it partners with major electronics
manufacturers
[14]
in the production of its "high-quality low-cost"
[15]

Nexus devices and acquired Motorola Mobility in May 2012.
[16]
In 2012,
a ber-optic infrastructure was installed in Kansas City to facilitate a
Google Fiber broadband service.
[17]
The corporation has been estimated to run more than one million
servers in data centers on the world (as of 2007)
[18]
and to process over
one billion search requests
[19]
and about 24 petabytes of user-generated
data each day (as of 2009).
[20][21][22][23]
In December 2013 Alexa listed
google.com as the most visited website in the world. Numerous Google
sites in other languages gure in the top one hundred, as do several
other Google-owned sites such as YouTube and Blogger.
[24]
Its market
dominance has led to prominent media coverage, including criticism of
the company over issues such as copyright, censorship, and privacy.
[25]
[26]
Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 Financing, 1998 and initial public offering, 2004
1.2 Growth
1.3 2013 onward
1.4 Acquisitions and partnerships
1.5 Google data centers
2 Products and services
2.1 Advertising
2.2 Search engine
2.3 Productivity tools
2.4 Enterprise products
2.5 Other products
3 Corporate affairs and culture
3.1 Employees
3.2 Googleplex
3.3 Doodles
3.4 Easter eggs and April Fools' Day jokes
3.5 Philanthropy
3.6 Tax avoidance
3.7 Environment
3.8 Lobbying
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
History
Main article: History of Google
Google's original homepage had a simple design, since its founders were not
experienced in HTML, the markup language was used for designing web pages.
[27]
Google began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and
Sergey Brin when they were both PhD students at Stanford University in
Stanford, California.
[28]
While conventional search engines ranked results by counting how
many times the search terms appeared on the page, the two theorized
about a better system that analyzed the relationships between websites.
[29]
They called this new technology PageRank; it determined a
website's relevance by the number of pages, and the importance of
those pages, that linked back to the original site.
[30][31]
A small search engine called "RankDex" from IDD Information Services
designed by Robin Li was, since 1996, already exploring a similar
strategy for site-scoring and page ranking.
[32]
The technology in
RankDex was patented in July 1999
[33]
and used later when Li founded
Baidu in China.
[34][35]
Page and Brin originally nicknamed their new search engine "BackRub",
because the system checked backlinks to estimate the importance of a
site.
[36][37][38]
Eventually, they changed the name to Google, originating
from a misspelling of the word "googol",
[39][40]
the number one followed
by one hundred zeros, which was picked to signify that the search
engine was intended to provide large quantities of information.
[41]

Originally, Google ran under Stanford University's website, with the
domains google.stanford.edu and z.stanford.edu.
[42][43]
The domain name for Google was registered on September 15, 1997,
[44]

and the company was incorporated on September 4, 1998. It was based
in the garage of a friend (Susan Wojcicki
[28]
) in Menlo Park, California.
Craig Silverstein, a fellow PhD student at Stanford, was hired as the rst
employee.
[28][45][46]
In May 2011, the number of monthly unique visitors to Google surpassed
one billion for the rst time, an 8.4 percent increase from May 2010
(931 million).
[47]
In January 2013, Google announced it had earned US
$50 billion in annual revenue for the year of 2012. This marked the rst
time the company had reached this feat, topping their 2011 total of US
$38 billion.
[48]
Financing, 1998 and initial public offering, 2004
Google's rst production server. Google's production servers continue to be built with
inexpensive hardware.
[49]
The rst funding for Google was an August 1998 contribution of US
$100,000 from Andy Bechtolsheim, co-

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