FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM DAN ALAM SEKITAR

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

GEOMATIC LABORATORY
Subject Code BFC 2111
Practicle Title
SETTING OUT WORKS ( STRUCTURE )
Course Code MG 02
Date of Practicle 18TH JUNE 2011
No. of Group THIRTEEN ( 13 )
Group Leader Ahmad Shahrin bin Jamalluddin ( CF 100444 )
Name of Group Members Mohd. Akimullah bin Yazaid ( CF 100468 )
Nur Farhana binti Mohd . Syams Baskaran . ( AF 090298 )
Rabi’atul’adawiah binti Mohammed ( AF 090297 )
Nor Shazarina binti Mohd. Noh ( DF 090230 )
Lecturer’s Name En. Anuar bin Mohd Salleh
En Mohd Khairi bin Burhanudin
En Khairul Nizam bin Mohd. Yunus .
En. Mohamad Hairi bin Osman
Mark Introduction
Objective
Theory
Equipment
Procedure
Data / Table
Data Analysis
Discussion
Plotting / Present
Conclusion / Recommendation
Revision
Mark
Examiner’s Comment Approval Receive
1.0 INTRODUCTION .

Construction surveying which is also known as lay-out or setting-out is to stake out reference

points and markers that will guide the construction of new structures such as roads or buildings.

Construction surveying is generally performing the following tasks :

 survey existing conditions of the future work site, including topography, existing

buildings and infrastructure even including underground infrastructure whenever possible

for example, measuring invert elevations and diameters of sewers at manholes .

 stake out reference points and markers that will guide the construction of new structures

 recognize the location of structures during construction

 conduct an As-Built surveying: a survey conducted at the end of the construction project

to verify that the work authorized was completed to the specifications set on plans.

In this setting out work, we transfer all the measurement from plan plotted to the land

surface. This process is including points and lines for determine the location and level for

structure in construction drawings. This is first stage of setting out work.

2.0 OBJECTIVE .

The aim of this practical is to expose student in field work procedures of setting out building

for engineering structure.

3.0 LEARNING OUTCOME .
 Carry out accurate setting out.

 Carry out all the necessary calculations to establish the setting-out points.

 Work as a team in order to execute a large scale surveying work.

 Produce and present an engineering report on an engineering survey work.

4.0 THEORY .
Setting out is the translation of construction plans into physical points on the ground that can

be used as a basis for the actual construction. Construction surveying provides not only the

horizontal location of new structure, but also the vertical information required. The setting out

survey consists of locating and marking horizontal and vertical control points of the layout

structure. The Setting Out surveying will start with calculates information from the drawing to

ensure that :

.1 Buildings can be positioned correctly along with all the necessary structural

components within it.

.2 All the structural components are built to the correct level.

.3 Lines and levels for structural, roads, drainage and earthworks are provided.

When a site layout design has finish plotted , all the information is accurately transferred

onto site. Using the latest survey instruments setting out points can set out on site required, base

on design drawing and design co-ordinates. In additional the setting out work also include the

check survey at various stages throughout the construction process; which involve the

independent checking of points set out by other, where quality monitoring is required.
5.0 EQUIPMENT .
 Total station ( 1 set )
 Prism ( 1 set )
 Mini prism ( 1 set )
 Pole ( 1 set )
 Tripod ( 2 sets )
 Tape
 Pegs ( 6 sets )
 Hammer

6.0 PROCEDURE

 Firstly, determine the station within or near the site as a set point before the setting out

work is done.

 Then, set up the total station at the station 1 and set up the prism at point A as a reference

bearing.

 After that, to plot the point A, used the tape measurement to determine the istance

between the station 1 to A. Then, used the mini prism at the point A and to get the

bearing by using total station.

 Then, repeat the procedure for measure the bearing and the distance from station 1 to

each point such as B, C, D, E and F.

 After all the works done, the checking work can be done by using the tape measurement

for each point referred to the fixed distance.

 Then compared the distance measured by the tape with the distance from the autocad .
  Then marked the layout with sand and labeled as Group 13 .

7.0 RESULTS .

By setting out, we get all the point for the purposed building. But, we have to check to make

sure the distance whether it was same as in the drawing. To check the distance, we used

calculation and measurement by tape. For calculation, our group used the triangle method. After

calculate the distance, we use tape to measure every distance from point to point. Below shows

the distance we have made.

4m
C D

8m E
F

1
B A
4m 4m

STN
TO BEARING HZ DISTANCE REMARKS
1
2 219 06 00 32.476
A 243 40 53 12.323
A
 1 63 40 53 12.323
B 270 00 00 8.000
C 315 00 00 11.314
D 333 26 06 8.944
E 315 00 00 5.567
F 00 00 00 4.000

EXAMPLE MANUAL CALCULATION ( HORIZONTAL DISTANCE ) :

AC = √ 82 + 82 = 11.314 m .

MANUAL
STN ON SITE DIFFERENCE
CALCULATION
AC 11.270 11.314 0.044
AD 8.900 8.944 0.044
AE 5.600 5.657 0.017
BD 8.960 8.940 0.020
BE 5.640 5.657 0.017
BF 8.960 8.940 0.020

EXAMPLE MANUAL CALCULATION ( BEARING ) :

angle AC : tan θ = 8 / 4
θ = 45 .

angle AC = 45 + 270 = 315 .

STN ON SITE MANUAL CALCULATION

AC 315 315 00 00
AD 333.4 333 26 06
AE 315 315 00 00

8.0 DISCUSSION .

In area of our traverse site, we found that there are open space without any construction

where we can construct a new building called proposed building . We need to construct the L-
shape building before setting out . We draw the L-shape building using the Auto-Cad in

tachometry plan . At this empty area, our group had done the setting out point by referred the

pasca-survey plan that given.

After done the setting out at this area, we know that there are several point should be

taking where the setting out must be doing after we calculate the bearing at each point. After we

shoot using the total station to the mini prism at each point by insert the bearing that has been

calculated. We then can determine where is the exact point can be located. There are some

difference value of distance between the real one and the value that being calculated. There

might be happened some errors in setting the bearing or the angle is not exactly 90°.

9.0 CONCLUSION .

For conclusion, we found that setting out is important in civil engineering work. Setting

out is add on from tacheometry survey because with this method, we can found any opened

space by looking at the tacheometry plan. Besides that, if we need that space but there are many

trees there, so we can plan to cut it from tacheometry plan. So, we can know which place is

suitable to make any construction. After the setting out is finish, we can determine the point and

the area for the purposed structure. The location of the setting out point is at the large area

include the traverse area. After all the works finish, we can learn the setting out process and how

to get the bearing and distance as in objective and we can apply it in the future work