Lab 2 - Flow Over Weirs
Lab 2 - Flow Over Weirs
Lab 2 - Flow Over Weirs
Where, Q = discharge over rectangular weir
C
d
= coefficient of discharge
b = width of notch
g = pull of gravity
H = head of the weir
a) Find actual volumetric flow:
For,
H = 0.01 m, Q
1
= 0.003 m
3
/ 26.35 s
= 0.000114 m
3
/s
H = 0.02 m, Q
2
= 0.003 m
3
/ 17.55 s
= 0.000171 m
3
/s
H = 0.03 m, Q
3
= 0.003 m
3
/ 8.52 s
= 0.000352 m
3
/s
H = 0.04 m, Q
4
= 0.003 m
3
/ 5.34 s
= 0.000562 m
3
/s
H = 0.05 m, Q
5
= 0.003 m
3
/ 1.17 s
= 0.002564 m
3
/s
b) Find coefficient of discharge and theoretical flow rate
From the plot of the graph of the log Q versus the log H, the slope and y-intercept can be obtained
in the form of:
y = nx + b
y = 2.1361x + (-0.69009)
= 1.93
graph 1.1
Where x = slope.
Placed the value of slope in the empirical formula,
Q = k x H
n
Q = k x H
1.93
Where b is the y-intercept, hence
Q = -0.69009 x H
1.93
y = 2.1361x-0.69009
-4.5
-4
-3.5
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0
L
o
g
Q
Log H
Log Q versus Log H
Log Q
Linear (Log Q)
Theoretically,
Equate the empirical equation with theoretical equation,
Where 1.93 3/2
Then, value of C
d
is 7.7898
For,
Q
1
=
]
Since, g = 9.81 ms
-2
; therefore,
For,
H
1
= 0.01 m, C
d1
= 3(1.139 x 10
-4
) / 0.266 (0.01)
3/2
= 1.286
H
2
= 0.02 m
, C
d2
= 0.682
H
3
= 0.03 m, C
d3
= 0.765
H
4
= 0.04 m, C
d4
= 0.793
H
5
= 0.05 m, C
d5
= 2.589
Average
value =
= 1.223
The formula of the discharge over v-notch is:
Where, Q = discharge over rectangular weir
C
d
= coefficient of discharge
g = pull of gravity
H = head of the weir
d) Find actual volumetric flow :
For,
H = 0.01 m, Q
1
= 0.003 m
3
/ 36.53 s
= 0.0000821 m
3
/s
H = 0.02 m, Q
2
= 0.003 m
3
/ 12.85 s
= 0.000234 m
3
/s
H = 0.03 m, Q
3
= 0.003 m
3
/ 7.52 s
= 0.000399 m
3
/s
H = 0.04 m, Q
4
= 0.003 m
3
/ 3.27 s
= 0.000917 m
3
/s
e) Find coefficient of discharge and theoretical flow rate
From the plot of the graph of the Q
2/5
versus t H, the slope and y-intercept can be obtained in
the form of:
y = nx + b
y = 2.4968x - 0.04
graph 1.2
Where x = slope.
Plug in the value of slope in the empirical formula,
Q = k x H
n
Q = k x H
2.486
Where b is the y-intercept, hence
Q = -0.01035 x H
2.486
y = 1.563x -0.01035
0.0150
0.0250
0.0350
0.0450
0.0550
0.0650
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
Q
^
(
2
/
5
)
Height (m)
Q^2/5 vs H
Q^2/5 vs H Linear (Q^2/5 vs H)
Theoretically,
Equate the empirical equation with theoretical equation,
Where 2.486 5/2
Then, value of C
d
is 0.0044
For,
Q
1
=