COURSE FILE

TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

BOGARAM-R.R.DIST.
DEPARTMENT OF HUMANITIES&SCIENCES

COURSE FILE
BY

ASSOC.PROF. : P.SHANTAN KUMAR

M.Sc.(Maths).,M.Phil.,B.Ed.,D.Ph.,

SUBJECT : MATHEMATICAL METHODS

BRANCH : ECE-A & B
YEAR : I-B.TECH - A.Y. 2009 – 2010
 CONTENTS

• ACADEMIC CALENDER

• SYLLABUS

• TEACHING SCHEDULE

• LESSON PLAN

• LECTURE NOTES

• ASSIGNMENTS(UNIT WISE)

• IMPORTANT QUESTIONS (UNIT WISE)

• JNTU PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTION PAPERS

 ACADEMIC CALENDER
2009---2010
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
HYDERABAD

I -Year B.Tech Common to all Branches

Orientation Programme 07-09-09 12-09-09(1w)

I-Unit of Instructions 14-09-09 21-11-09(10w)

I-Mid Exams 23-11-09 28-11-09(1w)

II-Unit of Instructions 30-11-09 06-02-10(10w)

II-Mid Exams 08-02-10 13-02-10(1w)

III-Unit of Instructions 15-02-10 24-04-10(10w)

III-Mid Exams 26-04-10 01-05-10(1w)

Preparation & Practical exams 03-05-10 15-05-10(2w)

End Exams 17-05-10 29-05-10(2w)

Summer vacation 31-05-10 03-07-10(5w)

05-07-10 II-year-I-sem , III-year-I-sem , IV-year-I-sem Class work start

SYLLABUS
 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
HYDERABAD
I-Year B.Tech Common to all Branches T: 3+1 P: 0 C: 6
MATHEMATICAL METHODS

UNIT-I SOUTION FOR LINEAR SYSTEMS

Matrces and linear system of equations:Elementary row transformations-Rank- Echelon

form,Normal form-Solution of Linear Systems-Direct Methods-LU decomposition from
Gauss Elimination-Solution of Tridiagonal Systems-Solution of Linear Systems.

UNIT-II EIGEN VALUES & EIGEN VECTORS

Eigen values,eigen vectors-properties-cayley Hamilton theorem-inverse and powers of a
matrix by cayley Hamilton theorem-diagonalization of matrix.Calculation of powers of
matrix-modal and spectral matrices.

UNIT-III LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS

Real matrices-symmetric ,skew-symmetric,orthogonal,linear transformation-orthogonal

transformation.complexmatrices:hermitian,skew-hermitian and unitary-eigen
values,eigen vectors of complex matrices and their properties.quadratic forms-reduction
of quadratic form to canonical form-rank-positive,negative definite-semi definite-index-
signature-sylvester law,singular value decomposition.

UNIT-IV SOLUTION OF NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS

Solution of algebraic and transdental equation:Introduction-The bisection method-the
method of false position-the iteration method-newton-raphson method.
Interpolation:Introduction-errorsin polynomial interpolation-finite differences-forward
differences-backward differences-central differences-symbolic relations and separation of
symbols-differences of polynomials-newton’s formulae for interpolation-central
difference interpolation formulae-gauss central difference formula-interpolation with
equally spaced points-lagrange’s interpolation formula,B.spline-interpolation-cubic
spline.
UNIT-V CURVE FITTING & NUMERICAL INTEGRATION

Curve fitting:Fitting a straight line-Second degree curve-exponential curve-power curve

by method of least squares.Numerical differentiation -simpson’s-3/8th rule,Gauss
integration,Evaluation of principal value integrals,Generalized Quadrature.

UNIT-VI NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF IVP’S IN ODE

Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations:Solution by Taylor’s series-Picards
method of successive approximation-Euler’s method-Runga-kutte methods-predictor’s-
corrector’s methods-Adam’s-Bashforth method.

UNIT-VII FOURIER SERIES

Fourier series:Determination of Fourier coefficients-Fourier series-even and odd
functions-Fourier series in arbitrary interval-even and odd periodic continuation-half
range-Fourier sine and cosine expansions.

UNIT-VIII PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Introduction & Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary
constants and arbitrary functions-solutions of first order linear (legrange)equation and
non-linear (standard type)equations.Method of separation of variables for second order
equations – Two dimensional wave equation.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. P.B.BHASKARA RAO,RAMA CHARY,BHUJANGA RAO…

B.S.P.PUBLICATION
2. SURYANARAYANA RAO…….SCITECH PULICATION

REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. S.chand
2. Grewal
3. Himalaya publication
4. Kreyszig
5. Numerical analysis by s.s. sastry
6. G.shanker rao by I.K.International publication
TEACHING SCHEDULE
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Dept.of Humanities & Sciences

Teaching Schedule
Name of the faculty: P.Shantan kumar A.Y.:2009-10
Subject to be handled: MM Total No.of hours required:
Class: I-B.Tech Total No.of hours available:

Unit Topic to be covered No. of hours Teaching aids Reference

required required if books/materials
any

I Types of Matrices 1

Elementary Transforms 1

Types of Ranks 3

Linear Equations 3

LU & Tridiagonal 3
Methods

II Eigen values 1

Eigen vectors 1

Properties 3

Cayley Hamilton Method 3

Diagonalization Method 5
III Real Matrices 2

Orthogonal Transforms 2

Complex Matrices 2

Properties 2

Quadratic forms 5

IV Solns in Algebraic & 4

Transdental eqns

Interpolation Methods 2

Newton & Gauss Methods 4

Legranges Method 5

V Curve Fitting Methods 5

Numerical D.E. Methods 3

Numerical Integration on 2
Different Methods

Problems 2

VI Introduction 1

Numerical Solns of 2
 O.D.E.

Taylor’s, Picard’s,Euler’s 3
Methods

R-k, Predictor- 3
Corrector,Adams &
Bashforth Methods

VII Fouries Series Coeficients 1

Even , Odd & Neither fns 3

Methods

Fourier series in arbitrary 2

interval

Half Range Series 3

Problems

VIII Formation of P.D.E. 4

Solns of P.D.E. in Linear 5

eqns

Solns of P.D.E. in non- 3

linear eqns

Two Dimential Wave 2

Eqns

Grand 97
Total
LESSON PLAN
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Dept.of Humanities & Sciences
LESSON PLAN
Name of the faculty: P.Shantan kumar A.Y.:2009-10
Subject to be handled: MM Total No.of hours required:
Class: I-B.Tech Total No.of hours available:

S.No. Date Topic to be covered No. of Remarks

Periods
1 types of matrices 1
2 elementary 1
tranformations
3 Rank of a matrix 1
4 Rank of a matrix 1
problems
5 Rank of a matrix 1
problems
6 Homogeneous ens 1
7 Non-hom eqns 1
8 LU- decomposition 1
9 Tri diagonal systems 1
10 previous qn.paper prob 1

11 slip test 1
12 eigen values,eigen 1
vectors def

13 Properties of eigen values 1

14 Problems of eigen values 1
15 Properties of eigen 1
vectors

16 Problems of eigen vectors 1

17 caley-hamilton theorem 1

18 prob on ch-theorem 1
19 Digonalization 1

20 problems on 1
Diagonalization

21 problems on 1
Diagonalization
22 problems on 1
Diagonalization

23 previous qn.paper prob 1

24 slip test 1

25 Def of real matrices 1

26 Linear Transformation 1

27 orthogonal 1
transformation

28 def of complx matrices 1

29 properties of complex 1
matrices

30 properties of complex 1
matrices

31 reduction of qf to 1
canonical form

32 finding natures of qf 1

33 Singular value 1
decomposition

34 previous qn.paper prob 1

35 Bisection methonds 1
36 False method & 1
problems

37 Iteration method 1

38 Newton Raphson 1
method

39 Finite differences 1

40 forward,backward,central 1
differences
41 Newton forward method 1

42 Newton forward method 1

43 Newton backward 1
method

44 Gauss forward 1

45 Gauss Backward 1

46 Central & sterlings 1

formula

47 Legranges interpolation 1
formula

48 B.spline interpolation 1
49 Cubic spline 1
50 previous qn.paper prob 1

51 slip test 1

52 least squares & fitting a 1

st.line

53 parabola 1

54 exoponential curves 1

55 power curve 1
56 problems on curve fitting 1

57 Derivatives using 1
forward method

58 Derivatives using 1
backward method

59 simpson's 3/8 rule 1

60 Gaussian integration 1
61 Eval. of principal value 1
integrals
62 Generalized Quadrature 1
63 previous qn.paper prob 1

64 slip test 1

65 Taylor's series 1

66 Picard's method 1

67 Eulers method 1

68 RK - method 1

69 RK - method 1
70 Pridictor-corrector 1
method

71 Adam's moulton's 1
method

72 previous qn.paper prob 1

73 slip test 1

74 Fourier series & coeff 1

75 Even odd Neither fns 1

76 problems 1

77 problems 1
problems 1
78
Half range series 1
79
problem 1
80
previous qn.paper prob 1
81
slip test 1
82
Introduction on P.D.E. 1
83
Formation of pde in 1
84 orbitary const
 Formation of pde in 1
85 orbitary functions

Solns. Of first order 1

86 L.eqns

Solns. Of first order 1

87 L.eqns

Solns. Of first order non 1

88 Llinear.eqns

type-1 1
89
type-2 1
90
type-3 1
91
type-4 1
92
Method of separation of 1
93 variables

Two dimensional wave eqns 1

94
previous qn.paper prob 1
95
slip test 1
96
Grand test 1
97
REVISION 1
98
REVISION 1
99

Signature of the faculty Signature of the H.O.D.

ASSIGNMENTS(UNIT WISE)
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-I(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1.Solve the system 2x-y+3z = 0 , 3x+2y+z = 0 , x-4y+5z = 0.

2.Show that the system of equations 3x+3y+2z = 1, x+2y = 4, 10y+3z = -2, 2x-3y-z = 5
is consistent and solve it.

3.i.Show that the system of equations x-4y+7z = 14, 3x+8y-2z = 13, 7x-8y+26z = 5 are
not consistent.

ii.Find the rank of λ for which the system of equations

3x-y+4z = 3, x+2y-3z=-2,6x+5y + λ z = - 3 will have infinite number of solutions &
solve with that value.

4.i.Solve by matrix method the given equations 3x+y+2z = 3, 2x-3y-z = -3, x+2y+z = 4.

ii.Find the non-singular matrices P & Q such that the normal form of A is PAQ , where

1 3 6 -1
A= 1 4 5 1 .Hence find its rank.
1 5 4 3

5.Find the rank of a matrix 2 -4 3 -1 0

1 -2 -1 -4 2
0 1 -1 3 1
4 -7 4 -4 5
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-II(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1. Find the eigen values & eigen vectors of 8 -6 2

-6 7 -4
2 -4 3

2. Verify cayley-hamilton theorem for the matrix 1 0 2

0 2 1 . Hence find A-1
2 0 3

3.i. Find the eigen values & eigen vectors of 1 0 -2

0 0 0
-2 0 4

ii. Diagonalize the matrix 8 -8 -2

4 -3 -2
3 -4 1

4. Find the eigen values & eigen vectors of 5 -2 0

-2 6 2
0 2 7

5. Show that the matrix 1 -2 2

1 2 3 satisfies its characterstic equation.Hence find A-1
0 -1 2 & A4
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-III(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1. 8x2+7y2+3z2-12xy-8yz+4zx into sum of squares by an orthogonal method &

find nature.

2. 3x2-2y2-z2+12yz+8zx-4xy into canonical form by an orthogonal method &

find nature.

3. 2x2+2y2+2z2-2xy-2yz-2zx into canonical form by an orthogonal method.

4.i. Define hermitian , skew-hermitian , unitary , orthogonal matrices .

ii. Show that the eigen values of an unitary matrices is of unit modulus.

5.i. Show that A = i 0 0

0 0 i is a skew-hermitian matrix and also unitary.
0 i 0 find eigen values and corresponding eigen
vectors of A

ii. Prove that the inverse of an orthogonal matrix is orthogonal and its transpose is
also orthogonal.
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-IV(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1. i. Find a positive root of x4-x3-2x2-6x-4 = 0 by bisection method.

ii. Find a positive root of xlogx – 1.2 = 0 by Regula false method.

2. i. Find a positive root of x3-6x-4 = 0 by bisection method.

ii. Find a positive root of x3-x-2 = 0 by Newton Raphson method.

3. i. Solve x3= 2x+5 for a positive root by iteration method.

ii. Using Newton-Raphson method,find a positive root of cosx-xex = 0

4. i. If the interval of differencing is unity, P.T. ∆ [2x/x !] = [2x(1-x)] / (x+1)!

ii. Find the parabola passing through the points (0,1) , (1,3) ,(3,55) using
Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula.

5. i. Using Lagrange’s Interpolation ,Find y(10) from X : 5 6 9 1

Y : 12 13 14 16

ii. If the interval of differencing is unity ,

P.T. ∆ [x(x+1)(x+)(x+3)] = 4(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)

 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-V(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1. i. Find by the method of least squares the straight line that best fits the following
data: x: 0 5 10 15 20
y: 7 -11 16 20 26

ii. Find a second degree parabola to the following data: x : 0 1 2 3 4

v : 1 1.8 1.3 2.5 6.3

2. i. Find a curve y = aebx to the data: x: 0 2 4

y : 5.1 10 31.1

ii. Using the table below , find f 1(0) and ∫ f(x) dx

x : 0 2 3 4 7 9
f(x) : 4 26 58 110 460 920

3. i. Using simpson’s 3/8th rule ,evaluate ∫ dx/(1+x2) by dividing the range into 6 equal
parts in between 0 to 6

ii. Evaluate ∫ e-x2 dx by dividing the range of integration into 4 equal parts in between
0 to 1 using (a). Trapezoidal rule (b). Simpson’s 1/3rd rule

4.i. Find the curve of best fit of the type y = aebx to the following data by the method of
least squares x: 1 5 7 9 12
y : 10 15 12 15 21

ii. Evaluate ∫ dx / (1+x2) by taking h = 1/6 using a) Simpson’s 1/3rd rule

b) Simpson’s 3/8th rule

5.i. Fit a parabola y = a + bx + cx2 to the following data

x: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y: 2.3 5.2 9.7 16.5 29.4 29.4 35.5

ii. Evaluate ∫ dx / (1+x2) by taking h = .5 , .25 , .125 using Trapezoidal rule in

between 0 to 1
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-VI(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H &S)

1.i. Solve dy/dx = xy using R-K-method for x = .2 given y(0) = 1 , y1(0)=0 taking h = .2

ii. Use Euler’s method to find y(.1) , y(.2) given y1 = (x3+xy2)e-x , y(0) = 1

2.i. Obtain y(.1) given y1 = (y-x)/(y+x) , y(0) =1 by Picards method.

ii. find y(.1) , y(.2) &y(.3) using Taylor’s series method that dy/dx = l - y , y(0) = 0

3.i.Apply R-K- 4th order method to find y(.2),y(.4) and y(.6) , y1 = -xy2 , y(0) = 2
using h = .2

ii. Tabulate the value of y(.2),y(.4),y(.6) ,y(.8) & y(1) using Euler’s method given that
dy/dx = x2-y ,y(0)=1

4.i. Find y(.1),y(.2) using Taylor’s series method given that dy/dx = x2-y,y(0) = 1

ii. Tabulate the values of y at x = .1 to .3 , using Euler’s Modified method given that
x+y = dy/dx & y(0)

5.i. Given y1 = x+siny , y(0) =1 compute y(.2),y(.4) with h = .2 using Euler’s Modified
method.

ii. Find the solution of dy/dx = x-y at x = .4 subject to the condition y = 1 at x= 0 and
h = .1 using Milne’s method. Use Euler’s Modified method to evaluate y(.1),y(.2) &
y(.3)
 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-VII(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1.i. Obtain the fourier series expansion of f(x) given that f(x) = kx ( ∏ - x ) in
0 < x < 2∏ where k is a constant.

ii. Obtain sine series f(x) = ∏x – x2 , 0 < x < ∏

2.i. If f(x) = k x , 0 < x < ∏/2

k(∏ - x) , ∏/2 < x < ∏ find the half range sine series.

ii. Obtain the fourier series expansion of f(x) given that f(x) = (∏- x )2 , 0 < x < 2 ∏

& deduce the value of 1/12 + 1/22 + 1/32+………. = ∏2 /6

3.i. Evaluate ∫ dx / (a2+x2) (b2+x2) using transform.

ii. Find the fourier series of periodicity 3 for f(x) = 2x – x2 , 0 < x < 3

4.i. Using fourier integral theorem ,

prove that e-ax – e-bx = 2(b2-a2) / ∏ ∫ λsin λx/ (λ2+a2) (λ2 + b2) dλ

ii. Obtain the fourier series for the function f(x) = x2 , -∏ < x < ∏ .

Hence show that 1/12 + 1/22 + 1/32 + …….. = ∏2 / 6

5.i. Show that fourier transform of e-x2/2 is reciprocal.

ii. Find the fourier transform of f(x) = 1-x2 , if │x │ < 1

0 , if │x │ > 1

Hence evaluate ∫ { (x cosx – sinx) / x2} cosx/2 dx.

 TIRUMALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
I-B.TECH - MATHEMATICAL METHODS
ASSIGNMENT ON UNIT-VIII(COMMON TO ECE -A & B)
NAME OF THE FACULTY-P.SHANTAN KUMAR(Dept. H & S)

1.i. Solve (x2-yz) p + (y2-zx) q = z2 – xy

ii. Find the z- transform of the sequence {x(n)} , where x(n) is i. n.2n ii. An2+bn+c

2.i. Form the P.D.E. i. z = f(x2+y2) ii. Z= y f(x) + x g(y)

ii. Z-1 [ (z2-3z)/(z+2)(z-5) ]

3.i. Solve the P.D.E. x2p2 + y2q2 = 1

ii. Solve the D.E. use z-transform y(n+2) +3y(n+1) +2y(n) = 0 given that y(0) =0 ,
y(1) = 1

4.i. Solve (x+y)p +(y+z)q = z+x

ii. Form the P.D.E. by eliminating the arbitrary constants a,b from
z = ax + by + a/b - b

iii. Find z-1[ z / (z2+11z+24)]

5.i. Solve the P.D.E. x2(z-y)p +y2(x-z) q = z2 (y-x)

ii. Form the P.D.E. by eliminating arbitrary functions z = f(y) + g (x+y)

iii. Solve the P.D.E. z4p2 + z4 q2 = x2y2

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
(UNIT WISE)
Code No. 07A1BS06 UNIT-3

MATHEMATICAL METHODS

1. Show that any square matrix can be writher as sum of a symmetric matrix and a
skew-symmetric matrix.
8 6 
Express 10 −2  as a sum of a symmetric matrix and a skew-symmetric
 
matrix.
 −1 1 1 1 
 
1  1 −1 1 1 
2. Verify wheter the matrix A = A = is orthogonal.
2  1 1 −1 1 
 
 1 1 1 −1
3. Define orthogonal matrix.
 −8 4 1 
Verify whether the matrix A =  1 4 −8 is orthogonal
1
9
 4 7 4 
4. If A is any square matrix, prove that A+A*, AA*.A*A are all Hermition and A-
A* is skew Hermition.
 a + ic −b + i 
5. Show that the complex matrix A =   is unitary if a2b2+c2+d2 = 1
b + id a − i 

 2 3 + 4i 
6. Show that the complex matrix A =  is Hermition.
3 − 4i 2 
Find the eigen values and eigenvectors.

7. Show that the eigen values of a skew – Hermition matrix are purely imaginary or
real.
1 2 2 
Define an orthogonal matrix. A =  2 1 −2  is orthogonal.
1
8.
3
 2 −2 1 
 1 i 
 2 2
9. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the unitary matrix A= A =  
 −i −1 
 2 2 
10. Find the eigen values and the eigen vectors of the complex matrix
 3i 2 + 1
B= 
 −2 + i −i 
11. Reduce the Quadratic form 2x1x2+2x2x3+2x3x1 into conomonical form and
classify the quadratic form.
12. Reduce 3x2+3z2+8xz+8yz into canonical form. Give the rank, index and signature
of the Quadratic form.
13. Reduce the Quadratic form 2x2+2y2+3x2+2xy-4yz-4xz to conomical form. Find
the rank,index and signature.
14. Determine the nature, index and signature of the Quadratic form
2x2+2y2+3z2+2xy-4xz-4yz.

15. Show that the linear transformation

Y1=2x1+x2+x3 ; y2= x1+x2+2x3; y3=x1 – 2x3 is regular. Write down the inverse
transformation.
16. Find the nature, index and signature of the Quadratic form
x12 + 5 x22 + x32 + 2 x1 , x2 + 2 x2 x3 + 6 x3 x1 .
17. Find the nature, index and signature of the Quadratic form
−3 x12 − 3x22 − 7 x32 − 6 x1 x2 − 6 x2 x3 − 6 x3 x1 .
18. Reduce the Quadratic form 2( x12 + x1 x2 + x22 ) to canonical form.
19. Reduce the Quadratic form 5x26xy+5y2 to sum of squares.
20. Reduce the Quadratic form 6 x12 + 16 x1 x2 − 6 x22 to sum of squares.

-oOo-
Code No. 07A1BS06 UNIT-4

MATHEMATICAL METHODS

1. Find a root of the equation x3-4x-9 = 0 using bisection method correct to three
decimal places.
2. Find a root of the equation x3-2x2-4 = 0 using bisection method correct to three
decimal places.
3. Find a real root equation f(x) = x2+x-3 = 0 correct to three decimal places using
Bisection method.
4. Find a real root of the equation cosx = 3x-1, correct to three decimal places using
the method of false position.
5. Find a real root of the equation x3-8x-40 = 0 in [4,5] correct to three decimal
places using the method of false position.
6. Using Regular falsi method; compute the real root of the equation x ex = 1 in [0,1]
correct to three decimal places.
7. Find a real root of the equation x3+x2-1 = 0 by using interative method, correct to
three decimal places.
8. Find by the method of interation a real root of the equation x = .21 sin(0.5+x)
starting with x = 0.12 xorrect to three decimal places.
9. Using Newton – Raphson method compute the root of equation x sin x + cos x = 0
π 
which lies between  , π  , correct to three decimal places.
2 
10. Find the double root of the equation x3-3x+2 = 0 starting with x0 =1.2 by Newton
– Raphson method.
11. Following table gives the weights in pounds of 190 high school students.

Weight 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80

(in pounds)

No.of students 31 42 51 35 31
Estimate the number of students whose weights are between 4 and 45.

12. Obtain the relations between the operators.

(i ) ∆ = E − 1 (ii ) ∇ =1 − E −1
1 −1 1 1 −1
(iii ) δ = E 2
−E 2
(iv) µ = ( E 2 + E 2 )
2

13. Estimate f(22) from the following data with the help of an appropriate
interpolation formula.

X: 20 25 30 35 40 45

F(x): 354 332 291 260 231 204

14. Estimate y(3) from the following data, using an appropriate interpolation formula.

X: 2 4 6 8 10

Y: -14 22 154 430 898

15. Using an interpolation formula estimate y(4.1) from the following data.

X: 0 1 2 3 4

Y: 1 1.5 2.2 3.1 4.6

16. Given that f(45) = 0.7071,f(50) = 0.6427, f(55) =0.5735,f(0) = 0.5,f(65) = 0.4226,
find f(63) using Newton’s Backward interpolation formula.

17. Use stirling’s formula to find y(35), given that y(20) = 512,y(30) = 439, y(40)
=346, y(50)= 243.

18. Given that y(20) = 24, y(24) = 32, y(28) = 35, y(32) = 40. Find y25 central
interpolation formula.

19. The following table gives the viscosity of a lubricant as a function of temperature.
Temperature : 100 120 150 170
Viscosity 10.2 .7.9 5.1 4.4
Apply Lagrange’s formula to estimate viscosity of the lubricant at 130 degrees of
temperature.

20. Apply Lagrange’s formula to estimate y (3) from the following deta
X: 0 1 2 4
Y: 2 3 12 78.

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Code No. 07A1BS06 UNIT-5

MATHEMATICAL METHODS

1. Find the stright line of the form y = a + bx that best bits the following data, by
method of least sequences.
X: 1 2 3 4 5
Y: 12 25 40 50 65.
Estimate y (2,5).
2. Find a second degree parabola y = a + bx + cx2 to the given deta, by method of
least sequences.
X: 1 3 5 7 9
Y: 2 7 10 11 9
3. In an experiment the measurement of electric resistance R of a meal at various
temperatures t0c lirted as.
T: 20 24 30 35 42
R: 85 82 80 79 76
Fit a relation of the form R = a +bt, by method of least sequences.

4. Fit a second degree parabola of the form y =a + bx +cx2 to the following data.
X: 0 1 2 3 4
Y: 1 1.8 1.3 2.5 6.3.
5. Fit the following deta to an exponential curve of the form y = aebx.
X: 1 3 5 7 9
Y: 100 81 73 54 43
6. For the deta given below find a best flitting curve of the form y = axb.
X: 1 2 3 4 5
Y: 2.98 4.26 5.21 6.10 6.8
7. What is least squares principle ?
Fit a stright line y = a + bx to the following deta.
X: 0 1 3 6 8
Y: 1 3 2 5 4
8. Find the best fitting exponential curve y = aebx to the following deta.
X: 2 3 4 5 6
Y: 3.72 5.81 7.42 8.91 9.68
9. Fit a parabola y = ax2 +bx + c which best bits with the observations.
X: 2 4 6 8 10
Y: 3.07 12.85 31.47 57.38 91.29.

10. Fit a least sequence curve y =axb to the following deta

X: 1 2 3 4 5
Y: 0.5 2 4.5 8 12.5
1
11. Evaluate ∫ (1 + e − x sin 4 x )dx . Taking h =1 /4 by (i) Trapezoidal (b) simpsous
0

1
rule.
3
12. Find first and second derivation of the function tabulated below, as the point
x =1.
X: 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Y: 1.0000 0.9975 0.9900 0.9776 0.9604

13. Find first and second derivations of the function telruleted below, at the point
x =1.
X: 0 1 2 3 4
Y: 6.98 7.40 7.78 8.12 8.45.

14. Explain how the thepezridel rule is obtained from Newton – cote’s general
quedreture formula.

15. Given the following table of values of x and y, first, first and second
derivatives at x = 1.25
X: 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30.
Y: 1.05 1.07 1.09 1.12 1.14
6
dx 3
16. Evaluate ∫ using Simpson’s the rule.
0
1+ x 2
8
4
17. Find ∫ e x dx by simpson rule of numerical integration.
0

18. Find the first and second derivatives. Of the function tabulated below at the
point 1.5.
X: 1 2 3 4 5
F(x) 8 15 7 6 2
5.2
1 3
19. Evaluate ∫ log x dx using (i) simpsous rule (ii)simpsous
4 3 8
X 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2
Logx 1.38 1.44 1.48 1.53 1.57 1.61 1.65
π
2
1
20. Evaluate ∫ sin xdx by symposiums
o
3
rule, using 11ordinates and compare with

actual value of the integral.

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Code No. 07A1BS06 UNIT-VI
MATHEMATICAL METHODS

dy
1. Using taylor’s series method, solve the equation = x 2 + y 2 for x = .4, given
dx
that y=0 when x=0
2. Using taylor series method, find an approximate value of y at x=0.2 for the
differential equation y′ − 2 y = 3e x , y(0)=0
3. Solve y′ = x 2 − y, y(0)=1 using Taylor’s series method and y(0.1), y(0.2) correct
to 4 decimal places
4. Give the differential equ y′ = x 2 + y 2 , y(0)=1 obtain y(0.25) and y(0.5) by
Taylor’s series method
dy
5. Solve -1=xy and y(0)=1 using Taylors series method and compute y(0.1)
dx
6. Solve y′ = x 2 − y, y (0) = 1 using Taylor’s series method Tabulate for x=0.1, 0.2
dy
7. Given = x 2 y − 1, y (0) = 1 . Compute y(0.1) by Taylors series method
dx
dy
8. Find the value of y for x=0.4 by picard’s method given that = x 2 + y 2 , y(0)=0
dx
dy
9. Solve = 2 x − y , y(1)=3 by picard’s method
dx
dy
10. Solve = x − y 2 , y(0)=1 and Compute y(0.1) Correct to four decimal places by
dx
picard’s method
dy
11. Given = x 2 + y 2 , y(0)=0. find y(0.2) and y(1) by picord’s method
dx
dy
12. Solve = 1 + 2 xy , y(0)=0 by picard’s method
dx
13. Find the solution of y′ = x + y 2 , y(0)=1 by Picord’s method

14. Solve y′ = x + y , y(0)=1 by euler’s method

15. Given y′ = y + e x , y (0) = 0 . Find y(0.2) by Euler’s modified method

dy
16. Solve = x 2 + y , y(0)=1 by modified Euler’s method
dx
dy
17. Find the solution = x − y , y(0)=1 of x=0.1
dx
dy
18. Given that = xy , y(0)=1, Find y(0.1) using Euler’s method
dx
2y
19. Solve by Euler’s method y′ = given y(1)=2 and find y(2)
x
20. Find y(1.2) by modified Euler’s method given y′ = log( x + y ) , y(0)=2 taken h =
0.2

21. Explain First order Range-kutta method.

22. Explain Second order Range-kutta method

23. Explain Third order Rannge-kutta method

24. Explain fourth order Range-kutta method

dy x + y
25. Using Range-kutta method of second order, compute y(2.5) from = ,
dx x
y(2)=2
Taking h=0.25
26. Use Milne’s method to find y (0.4) from y′ = xy + y 2 , y(0)=1

27. Find y(0.1) and y(0.2) using y′ = xy + y 2 , y(0)=1

28. Calculate y(0.6) by milne’s predictor-corrector method given y′ = x + y , y(0)=1

with h=0.2
dy 1
29. Given = xy and y(0)=1, y(0.1)=1.0025, y(0.2)=1.0101, y(0.3)=1.0228,
dx 2
Compute y(0.4) by Adams-Bashforth method

30. Use Adam-Bashforth-mpulton method to find initial value y(1.1) from

dy
− x 2 y = x 2 , y (1) = 1
dx

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Code No. 07A1BS06 UNIT-VII
MATHEMATICAL METHODS

1. Find Fourier a0 and an when f(x)=x2 is (0, 2 π )

1
2. find the Fourier series of f(x)= (3 x 2 − 6 xπ + 2π 2 ) in (0, 2π )
12
3. Find a0, bn for f(x)=ex from x=0 to x=2 π
4. Find the Fourier series for f(x)=x, 0<x<2 π
π − x 
2

5. Find Fourier a0 and ax for f(x)=   for 0 < x < 2π

 2 
6. Find Fourier bn for f(x)=x sinx, 0<x<2 π
7. Find Fourier series for f(x)=-K for- π <x<0
=k for 0<x< π
8. Find Fourier bn for f(x)=0, - π ≤ x ≤ 0
πx
= ,0 < x < π
4
9. Find Fourier a0, ax for f(x)=0 for - π < x < 0
= sinx for 0< x< π
−π , − π < x < 0
10. Find Fourier a0 and ax for f(x)= 
X ,0 < x < π

11. Find the Fourier series to

0 for − π ≤ x ≤ 0
F(x)=  2
 X for 0 ≤ x ≤ π

12. Define a periodic function

13. Write the dirihlets condition for the existence of Fourier series of a function f(x)
in (α , α + 2π )
14. Find the Fourier series of π 2 − x 2 in (−π , π )
15. Find the Fourier series of f(x) = π -x in (0,2 π )
16. Obtain the Fourier series for the function f(x)= ex-1 in (0,2 π )
17. Find Fourier series for f(x)=e-x in (0, 2 π )
18. Define even and odd functions with 3 Examples
19. Express f(x)=x as a Fourier series in (- π , π )
20. Find the Fourier series to represent the function f(x)=x sinx, −π < x < π
21. Find the Fourier series for f(x) =si x, −π < x < π
22. Obtain Fourier series for
1
F(x)= − ( π + x ) for − π < x ≤ 0
2
1
(π − x ) for 0 ≤ x < π
2
 2x
23. f(x)= 1+ , − π ≤ x ≤ 0 even ?
π
2x
1− , 0 ≤ x ≤ π even ?
π

If so find the Fourier series for the function.

24. Expand the function f(x)=x3 as a Fourier series in the interval −π < x < π
25. Find the Fourier series for f(x)= x cosx, −π < x < π
26. Find the half range sine series for f(x)= x (π − x ) in0 < x < π
27. Obtain the half range sine series for ex in (0, π )
28. find the Fourier series to represents (1-x2) in −1 ≤ x ≤ 1
π −x
29. find the Fourier series of f(x)= in 0 < x < 2
2
30. Find the half-Range cosine series expansion of f(x)=x in [0, 2]

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Code No. 07A1BS06 UNIT-VIII
MATHEMATICAL METHODS
a
1. Form the partial differential equation for z = ax + by + − b by eliminating a and
b
b
2. Eliminate h, k from (x-h)2+(y-k)2+z2=a2
3. Form a partial differential equation by eliminating a, b, c from
2
x 2
+ y 2 + z 2 =1
2
2
a b c
4. Find the differential en of all spheres of radius 5 having their centres in the xy
plane
1
5. Form the partial differential equation from z=axey+ a 2 e 2 y + b when a, b are
2
parameters
 b( y − 1) 
6. Form the partial differential equ by eliminating a and b from z=a log 
 1 − x 
7. Form the partial differential equ from z=(x-a)2+(y-b)2+1 where a, b are
parameters
8. Form the differential equation by eliminating a and b from log (az-1)=x+ay+b
9. Find the differential equation of all planes passing through the origin
10. Form the differential equation of all planes having equal intercepts on x and y axis
11. Form a partial differential equ by eliminating the arbitrary functions from z =
f(x2-y2)
12. Eliminate the arbitrary function φ , and φ2 from z= φ1 ( x + iy ) + φ2 ( x − iy )
13. Find the differential equ from φ ( x + y + z , x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ) = 0
14. Form the partial differential eqn by eliminating the arbitrary function f from
z=(x+y) f (x2-y2)
15. Form the partial differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary function f from
Z = eax+by f (ax-by)
16. Form the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary function f from
xyz=f(x2+y2+z2)
17. Form the partial differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary function f from
f (x2+y2, x2-z2)=0
18. Form the partial differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary in f from z
=xy+f(x2+y2)
19. For the partial differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary function
φ from φ ( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 , z 2 − 2 xy ) = 0
20. Find the general solution of p+q=1
21. Solve px+Qy=z
22. Solve p Tan x+q Tan y=Tanz
23. Find the general solution of y2zp+x2zq=y2x
24. Solve (y-z)p+(x-y)q=z-x
25. Solve x(y-z)p+y(z-x)q=z(x-y)
26. Solve p+3q=5z+Tan (y-3x)
27. Find the integral surface of
X(y2+z)p-y(x2+z)q=(x2-y2)z
dx dy dz
28. Solve 2 = 2 =
x y z ( x + y)
29. Solve p2+q2=npq
30. Solve z=p2+q2

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