Scribd
Upload
69 views

Lecture3 Example Shellandtuberatingcalculations

This document provides steps to calculate the thermal rating of a shell and tube heat exchanger to determine if it is suitable for a given cooling duty. It involves calculating the required overall heat transfer coefficient, clean overall coefficient, and determining fouling factors to calculate the design overall coefficient. If the design coefficient is greater than the required coefficient, then the heat exchanger is suitable. The document then works through an example problem applying these steps to assess a heat exchanger's suitability for cooling kerosene using oil as the cooling fluid.

Uploaded by

unknown8787
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
69 views

Lecture3 Example Shellandtuberatingcalculations

This document provides steps to calculate the thermal rating of a shell and tube heat exchanger to determine if it is suitable for a given cooling duty. It involves calculating the required overall heat transfer coefficient, clean overall coefficient, and determining fouling factors to calculate the design overall coefficient. If the design coefficient is greater than the required coefficient, then the heat exchanger is suitable. The document then works through an example problem applying these steps to assess a heat exchanger's suitability for cooling kerosene using oil as the cooling fluid.

Uploaded by

unknown8787
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 1

Rating calculations of Shell and


Tube Heat Exchangers
Thermal Rating procedure for an existing heat exchanger
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 2
SerthFig. 3.13
The purpose is to
assess the suitability of
a given heat exchanger
for a prescribed duty.
Solved example (3.5 From Serth)
Thermal rating procedure for an existing heat exchanger
30,000 lb/h of kerosene are to be cooled from 400F to 250F by heat
exchange with 75,000 lb/h of gas oil, which is at 110F. Available for this
duty is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger having 156 tubes in a 21 -in ID
shell. The Tubes are 1-in OD, 14 BWG, 16 ft long on a 1 in. square
pitch. The baffles are 20% cut segmental type and are spaced at 5-in
intervals. Both the shell and tube are carbon steel, having k=26
Btu/h.ft.F. Will the exchanger be thermally suitable for this service?
Fluid properties are as follows:
Kerosene c
p
=0.6 Btu/lb
m
.F, =0.45 cp, k=0.077 Btu/h.ft.F
Oil c
p
=0.5 Btu/lb
m
.F, =3.5 cp, k=0.08 Btu/h.ft.F.
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 3
Solution Procedure H.E. rating
Use energy balances to find the heat duty and any unknown parameters
(temperatures or mass flow rate) and determine the log-mean temperature
difference (see example 3.4 solved previously).
Step 1: Calculate the required overall coefficient, U
req
.
(a) Determine the surface area from the dimensions of the heat exchanger (use
Tables to find the required information for tubing for example Table 10 from
Kern, in Heaslip, p. 14)
(b) Solve to find the overall required heat transfer coefficient.
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 4
Tube dimensions
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 5
H.E. rating
Step 2: Calculate the clean overall coefficient, U
c
, for the given heat exchanger.
Tube side heat transfer coefficient, h
i
:
a) Using convection correlations (see section 2.4 Serth).
- First calculate the tube-side mass flow rate, and the Reynolds number
m
per tube
=
m
t
n
p
n
t
- Find the appropriate correlation depending on the Reynolds number and solve for h
i
b) Using Sieder Tate graphs (Kern, p. 53 Heaslip).
- First calculate the tube-side mass velocity, and the Reynolds number
0
t
= pu
tubc sdc
=
m
tubc

sdc
A
t
, where A
t
=
No.o] tubcs]Iow ucutubc (n nchcs)
No.o] pusscs144
(ft
2
)
Rc =

i
0
p
- Read j
H
from the y-axis and solve for h
i
.
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 6
t
i
pertube
D
m 4
Re
i D
=
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 7
H.E. rating
Shell- side heat transfer coefficient, h
o
:
c) Use information on charts (for example Figure 3.12 Serth, or charts by Kern, p.
56 Heaslip) to find the clearance, C, pitch, P
T
, and shell-side equivalent diameter,
d
e
, for a heat exchanger having 1 OD tubes on a 1 in square pitch.
Calculate the shell-side cross-flow area
Calculate the shell-side mass velocity (need to find the shell-side cross flow area)
and the Reynolds number.
0
s
=
m
sbcll

siJc
A
s
Rc =

c
0
s
p
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 8
A
S
=
IC
|
B
P
T
144
in ft
2
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 9
H.E. rating
Shell- side heat transfer coefficient, h
o
(contd)
d) Find j
H
from Figure 3.12 Serth, previous slide or charts by Kern, p. 56 Heaslip
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 10
H.E. rating
Calculate the overall clean heat transfer coefficient
If U
c
>U
req
, proceed by estimating the value of U
D
, taking fouling into account.
Design calculations are made on the basis of U
D
, since the heat exchanger
must be operable after fouling has occurred.
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 11
o
cond o
i i
o
o
h
R A
A h
A
U
1
1
+ +
=
o
i o o
i i
o
c
h k
D D D
D h
D
U
1
2
) / ln(
1
+ +
=
o D
i
o i D
o
i o o
i i
o
D
R
D
D R
h k
D D D
D h
D
U
,
,
1
2
) / ln(
1
+ + + +
=
H.E. rating
Step 3: Obtain the required fouling factors
R

=
R

+ R
o
In the absence of other information obtain fouling factors from the literature (for example Table
3.3 Serth).
Step 4: Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient, U
D
.
If U
D
>U
req
, the heat exchanger is suitable for service
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 12
1
1

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
D
C
D
R
U
U
Fouling Factors
Heat Exchangers Chee 331/332/333 13

You might also like