USING DRAMA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS'

SPEAKING ABILITY AT XI IPS-1

SMA NEGERI 1 NGANJUK
ACADEMIC YEAR 2012 2013
BY :
DANANG SETIAWAN
NIM. 20010!00"2#
SEKOLA$ TINGGI KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
PERSATUAN GURU REPUBLIK INDONESIA
NGANJUK
2013
0
C$APTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. T%& B'()*+,-./ ,0 T%& S1-/2
People use language to express their mind, wishes, and ideas. Language is
a means of communication people use to share ideas with others. Language
predicts attitude and wishes of the users. Language is not only used for daily
conversation but also used in education, research and science both spoken and
written. Considering those functions of language, people study language both
formal or in class and informal or outside the class.
English is one of the widely used international languages. Both as a means
of oral and written communication, including the broadcasting and the writing of
newspaper, magaine and technological as well as scientific books. !herefore,
people who want to be ac"uainted with technology and scientific advances have
to master this language well since it is much used in science and technology in
almost all countries.
#n countries where English is neither the first nor the second language, it is
taught or learned as the first foreign language for practical necessary uses of
communication. English can serve as the language of instruction in higher
education or as a lingua franca among those whose native is not English.
$ccording to %armer &'(()*)+ a lingua franca can be defined as a language
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widely adopted for communication between two speakers whose native languages
are different from each other and where one or both speakers are using it as a
second language. #n other words, it is used for communication between two
speakers who have different native languages and they use more than one
language as a second language. #n #ndonesia English is taught at ,-P &.unior
high school+, ,-$ &senior high school+, in /niversity, many courses and it has
also been taught at ,0 &elementary school+.
1nowing that English is "uite significant for #ndonesia in the future, the
government always makes efforts to improve the "uality of English teaching. By
improving the "uality of teachers and other components in educational process, so
the English teaching can be improved. 2ne of the improvements of the English
teaching deals with the syllabus which is reflected in the materials given to the
students. $ccording to 1urikulum !ingkat ,atuan Pendidikan '((3 &1!,P,
'((3*'45+ the aim of the English teaching in #ndonesia especially teaching
English to senior high school is to enable students to have the ability in
developing communicative competence in both oral and written form in achieving
functional literacy level, to have the awareness about the essence and the
important of English in increasing competition in global community, and the last
is developing the students6 comprehension about interrelatedness between
language and culture.
Based on the reasons above, in recent years, English language teaching
has focused on teaching English rather than teaching about the English. !he
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emphasis is not only on linguistic competence of the language learners but
also on the development of their communicative ability. #n order to develop the
learners7 communicative ability especially speaking, the teacher needs to
create a scenario to teach the target language in a vibrant, active and interesting
manner.
#n learning speaking skill, the students often find some problems. !he
problem fre"uently found is that their native language causes them difficult
to use the foreign language. 2ther reason is because of motivation lack to
practice the second language in daily conversation. !hey are also too shy
and afraid to take part in the conversation. -any factors can cause the
problem of the students7 speaking skills namely the students7 interest, the
material, and the media among others including the techni"ue in teaching
English.
,peaking lesson is very important for students who learn a foreign
language to enable them to speak and communicate in that language. ,peaking is
a part of communicative approach which is used in some activities to practice
English communicatively. #n this case, students are expected to speak more using
drama. #n drama the teacher is in charge of the mechanic who plays what role and
who sits where. !eacher should pay attention to their students6 speaking as stated
by ,herwin Cody &'((3* 89+*
,peaking is a skill which deserves attention every bit as much as literary
skills, in both first and second languages. 2ur learners often need to be able to
speak with confidence in order to carry out many of their most fre"uently
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.udged, and through which they may make or lose friends. #t is the vehicle
part excellence of social solidarity, of social ranking, of professional
advancement and of business. #t is also a medium through which language is
learnt, and which for many is particularly conducive or learning.
$ccording to the statement above, therefore, to guide the students to speak
English in the classroom, teachers should have good and interesting techni"ue of
teaching. #t means that the teachers is re"uired to create an appropriate learning
strategy. !he techni"ue in teaching speaking such as * information gap, students
based tournament, group disucssions and drama. :rom the problems above the
researcher suggested for using drama. #t can help the students to bring written
materials to life by infusing the lifeless print with feeling, imagination and
thought for the learner, more active participant in the learning process. 0rama
activities can be used to provide opportunities for the student to be involved
actively and able to express orally their idea, do collectively, and communicative.
,peaking lesson is very important for students who learn a foreign language
to enable students to speak and communicate in that language. ,peaking is a part of
communicative approach which is used in some activities to practice English
communicatively. ,peaking is regarded as more representing what the speaker
wants to say. By speaking, one can express his mind, ideas and thought
freely and spontaneously. ,peaking is the term that someone uses for verbal
communication between people. ;hen two people are engaged in talking to each
other, they are doing communication. $dam &'((<*89+ states the definition of
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speaking is the action of conveying information or expressing one7s thoughts and
feelings in spoken language.
!here are many aspects that must be learnt in speaking. ,ome aspects that
are related to the speaking, such as the pronunciation, intonation, choice of words,
sentence patterns, gesture, and culture of the listener. ,ince in #ndonesia English is
taught as a second and foreign language, the students should learn it from the
basic. !hey learn the words and pronunciation first, after that they learn the other
aspects.
#n fact, some teachers face the problem in applying speaking activity in
large classes. 2ne class almost consist of fourty students. -ost of large classes in
the school are often the similiar problems during speaking activities.Lawtie
&'((8*)+ states *
=!he similiar problems during speaking activities in their
classroom student won6t talk or say anything .;hen students
work in pairs or groups they .ust end up chatting in their own
language ,when all the students speak together it gets too noisy
and out of hand and # lose control of the classroom>
!he student will not talk. !his problem is about culture. #t is unusual for
the students to say something using other language especially English or it is about
their confident. !hey are afraid of making mistake, shy to say something , or they
do not know how to respone the conversation. !his situation will make them to
incline to be passive student then get unmotivated and lost interest in learning. !he
student get bored easily so they prefer to chat with thier friends with their and get
noisy in the class. !herefore the teacher needs interesting method to arouse the
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students6 interest speaking activity. 0rama is the alternative method to attract the
students. 0rama does not re"uire much time. #t gives motivation for the students in
learning language especially in speaking. ,tudents cannot predict what they will
do in doing drama. ,tudents should be interested and use their imagination and
observation to make it better. !hey are asked to communicate totally using
English expressions and intonation. !hey should be active as actors. ,tudents
would pretend as other person while they are doing 0rama. #t looks like drama. $
person should act as if he were someone else or in another situation. ,tudents are
expected to be a good actor in a different situation. !hey should interact with
another person and they could put their position in the right place. $nd it is
expected that by using 0rama as a means of teaching speaking, the students will
be more interested and more active in class. ,arah Lynne Bowman states that *
$s we have discussed, drama is widely used in a variety of
contexts. 0rama works as a modern?day form of ritual, enforcing
social cohesion through shared dramatic experiences. 0rama also
provides a useful tool for training and education purposes.
Because of the extensive scope of possibilities inherent to the
enactment of roles and situations, a wide range of organiations
@nd its application useful, including corporations, medical
establishments, churches, psychologists, prisons, military bases,
and educational institutions. &'()(*5(+
Based on the statement above it can be comcluded that drama is very important
in teaching speaking because it gives students an opportunity to practice
communicating in different social contexts and in different social roles. #n
addition, it also allows students to be creative and to put themselves in another
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person or place for a while. 0rama would seem to be the ideal activity in which
students could use their English creatively and it aims to stimulate a
conversation situation in which students might find themselves and give them
an opportunity to practice and develop the communication skill.
!he aim of this research is to find out the improvement by using drama
to improve the student6s ability in speaking. Based on the explanation above, the
researcher takes the title of the reasearch as follows * 3U45.* D+'6' T, I67+,8&
S1-/&.14' S7&')5.* A95:512 '1 XI IPS-1 C:'44 SMA N&*&+5 1 N*'.;-)
A('/&65( Y&'+ 2012 2013.3

B. S1'1&6&.1 ,0 T%& P+,9:&6
). %ow is the students7 speaking ability before using drama for eleventh grade
students of ,-$ Aegeri ) Agan.uk $cademic Bear '()'C'()<D
'. %ow is the students7 speaking ability after using using drama for eleventh
students of ,-$ Aegeri ) Agan.uk $cademic Bear '()'C'()<D
<. #s there any improvement of the students7 speaking ability before and after
using drama for eleventh grade students of ,-$ Aegeri ) Agan.ukD
C. P-+7,4& ,0 T%& S1-/2
!he ob.ectives of the research are *
). !o find out the students7 speaking ability before using drama for eleventh
grade students of ,-$ Aegeri ) Agan.uk $cademic Bear '()'C'()<.
'. !o find out the students7 speaking ability after using using drama for eleventh
students of ,-$ Aegeri ) Agan.uk $cademic Bear '()'C'()<.
7
<. !o find whether there is any the improvement of the students6 speaking ability
before and after using drama for eleventh grade students of ,-$ Aegeri )
Agan.uk $cademic Bear '()'C'()<.
D. S5*.505('.(& ,0 T%& S1-/2
%opefully, the result of the research can be used for*
). !he teacher
$s a teacher this research can be used as input for the English teacher to
improve her teaching and learning process so that a better result in part of the
student can be achieved.
'. 2ther Eesearchers
!he result of this research is an input and reference in their study about the
teacher7s strategy to teach speaking in ,enior %igh ,chool.
<. !he writer
!his study can be used to add the information about the using of drama in
teaching speaking, and it can be a professional teacher.
E. D&05.515,. ,0 K&2 T&+64< A44-6715,. './ L5651'15,. ,0 T%& S1-/2
1. D&05.515,. ,0 K&2 T&+64
#n order to avoid misunderstanding, it is considered important to
define some terms concerning this study. !he terms are *
'. #mproving is t, +'54& 1, ' 6,+& /&45+'9:& ,+ 6,+& &=(&::&.1 >-':512
,+ (,./515,.? 6')& 9&11&+. @D'85/< 2003:33A
8
9. ,peaking ,kill is an interactive process of constructing meaning that
involves producing and receiving and processing information &Brown,
)FF8 * ''+
2. A44-6715,.
Based the statement of the problem above the assumption are* the
students will be more active, creative and innovative when they express
their expression in speaking through drama method.
3. L5651'15,. ,0 T%& S1-/2
!he scope of the research involves some factors. #t is impossible to
solve and discus all of them. #n this research is done in limited time. ,o the
researcher limits the research on the students7 speaking ability by using
drama for eleventh grade students of ,-$ Aegeri ) Agan.uk $cademic
Bear '()'C'()<.
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