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Formulae Sheet Integration

This document provides formulas and methods for evaluating indefinite integrals. It includes: 1. Formulas for common indefinite integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. 2. Methods for evaluating integrals using trigonometric identities, such as rewriting even powers of sine and cosine in terms of their arguments. 3. Techniques such as decomposition, substitution, and completing the square for integrals involving quotients of polynomials.

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68 views3 pages

Formulae Sheet Integration

This document provides formulas and methods for evaluating indefinite integrals. It includes: 1. Formulas for common indefinite integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. 2. Methods for evaluating integrals using trigonometric identities, such as rewriting even powers of sine and cosine in terms of their arguments. 3. Techniques such as decomposition, substitution, and completing the square for integrals involving quotients of polynomials.

Uploaded by

Anonymous VpCt1C
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDEFINITE INTEGRAL FORMULAE AND METHODS

I FORMULAE
1.
1 ,
1
1
+
+
=

+
n c
n
x
dx x
n
n
7.

+ = c x dx x x cosec cot cosec


13.

+ =

C x ec
x x
dx
1
2
cos
1
2.

+ = c x dx x sin cos
8.

+ =

c x
x
dx
1
2
sin
1
14.

+ = c x
x
dx
log
3.

+ = c x dx x cos sin
9.

+ =

C x
x
dx
1
2
cos
1
15.

+ = c e dx e
x x
4.

+ = c x dx x tan sec
2
10.

+ =
+

c x
x
dx
1
2
tan
1
16.

+ = c
a
a
dx a
e
x
x
log
5.

+ = c x dx x cot cosec
2
11.

+ =
+

C x
x
dx
1
2
cot
1
17.

+ = C x xdx sec log tan
6.

+ = c x dx x x sec tan . sec


12.

+ =

c x
x x
dx
1
2
sec
1
18.

+ = C x xdx sin log cot
19.

+ + = C x x xdx tan sec log sec
20.

+ = C x ecx ecxdx cot cos log cos
21.
c
a x
a x
a a x
dx
+
+

log
2
1
2 2
22.
c
x a
x a
a x a
dx
+
+

log
2
1
2 2
23.

+ =
+

C x
a x
dx
1
2 2
tan
24.

+ =

C
a
x
x a
dx
1
2 2
sin
25.

+ + + =
+
C a x x
a x
dx
2 2
2 2
log
26.

+ + =

C a x x
a x
dx
2 2
2 2
log
27.
c
a
x a
x a
x
dx x a + + =

1
2
2 2 2 2
sin
2 2
28
c a x x
a
a x
x
dx a x + + + =

2 2
2
2 2 2 2
log
2 2
29.
C a x x
a
a x
x
dx a x + + + + + = +

2 2
2
2 2 2 2
log
2 2
II Integration using Trigonometric Identities
(Even Powers of sinx)

dx x
2
sin ,

dx x
4
sin ,

dx x
6
sin !t
2
2 cos 1
sin
2
x
x

=
(Even Powers of cosx)

dx x
2
cos ,

dx x
4
cos ,

dx x
6
cos !t
2
2 cos 1
cos
2
x
x
+
=
("## owers of sin $)

dx x
3
sin ,

dx x
5
sin ,

dx x
7
sin write ( )

dx x x
n
sin sin
2
an# !t sin
2
x % 1 & cos
2
$, 'et
t % cos x

sin($#$ a$ sin ,

#$ cos($ a$ sin ,

sin($#$ cosa$ ,

#$ cos($ a$ cos !se transformation formulae


2sin)sin*, 2sin)cos*, 2cos)sin *, 2cos)cos *
III
+ntegrals of t,e t-e

+ + c bx ax
dx
2
,

+ + c bx ax
dx
2
.or/ing 0!le1 E$ress #eno2inator as a s!2 or #ifference of erfect s3!ares an# !se secial integrals.
I
+ntegrals of t,e t-e
( )

+ +
+
c bx ax
dx q px
2
,
( )

+ +
+
c bx ax
dx q px
2
.or/ing 0!le1 px 4 q % ) (2ax 4 b) 4 *, 5in# ) an# *.6earate into two integrals an# integrate !sing s!(stit!tion an#
co2letion of s3!ares.
Page 1 of 3

+ntegrals of t,e t-e


( )

+ + c bx ax
dx x p
2
w,ere #egree ($) 2
.or/ing 0!le1 7arr- o!t long #ivision an# write

+ + c bx ax
dx x p
2
) (
% a ol-no2ial 4
( )

+ +
+
c bx ax
dx q px
2
(t-e +8)
I
+ntegrals of t,e t-e

+ x b a
dx
2
cos
,

+ x b a
dx
2
sin
,

+ x b a
dx
2 2
cos sin
,

+ + x c x b a
dx
2 2
cos sin
.or/ing 0!le1 9ivi#e : an# 9 (- cos
2
x. P!t t % tan x, #t % sec
2
xd x
II
+ntegrals of t,e t-e

+ x b a
dx
cos
,

+ x b a
dx
sin
,

+ x b x a
dx
sin cos
.or/ing 0!le1 P!t sinx %
2
tan 1
2
tan 2
2
x
x
+
,
2
tan 1
2
tan 1
cos
2
2
x
x
x
+

=
6!(stit!te t % tan
2
x
, t,en dt dx
x
=
2
sec
2
1
2
III
+ntegrals of t,e t-e

+
+
dx
x d x c
x b x a
cos sin
cos sin
.or/ing 0!le1 : % ) (9eno2inator) 4 * (9erivative of #eno2inator) :!2erator % ) (c sin x 4 d cos $) 4 * (c
cos x & d sin x)
I!
+ntegrals of t,e t-e ( )

+ + + dx c bx ax q px
2

.or/ing 0!le1 px + q % ) (2ax 4 b) 4 *. 6earate into two integrals an# integrate !sing s!(stit!tion an# for2!lae.
! Integration "# $arts
{ }

= dx dx x g x f dx x g x f dx x g x f ) ( ). ( ) ( ). ( ) ( ). (
;
+ ++
0!le for c,oosing f!nctions + an# ++.
I LATE I % In&erse Trigonometric Functions
L % Logarit'mic Functions
A % Alge"raic Functions
T % Trigonometric Functions
E - E($onential Functions
6ecial 5or2

bx dx e
ax
sin

bxdx e
ax
cos
+')<E nee# not (e !se#. e
ax
2a- (e t,e 1st f!nction.
+ntegrals of t,e for2

+ = + c f (x) e f '(x)) dx (f (x) e


x x
Page 2 of 3
!I Integration "# )artial Fractions
5actors in 9eno2inator 7orreson#ing Partial 5raction
( )
2
a x
( )
2
* )
a x
a x

+

( )
3
a x
( ) ( )
3 2
7 * )
a x a x
a x

+

( ) ( ) b x a x
b x a x
+

* )
( ) ( ) c bx ax a x + +
2
irre#!ci(le
c bx ax
x
a x + +
+
+

2
7 * )
( )
2
2
c bx ax + +
( )
2
2
2
9 7 * )
c bx ax
x
c bx ax
x
+ +
+
+
+ +
+
( )( ) d cx b ax + +
2 2
P!t x
2
% =
!II
+ntegrals of t,e for2
( ) ( )

+ +

+ +
+
1
1
,
1
1
2 2
2
2 4
2
kx x
dx x
kx x
dx x
.or/ing 0!le
9ivi#e : an# 9 (- x
2
P!t t % x 4 dx
x
dt
x

=
2
1
1
1
P!t dx
x
dt
x
x t

+ = =
2
1
1
1
0ewrite #eno2inator an# !se s!(stit!tion to integrate.
Page 3 of 3

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