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    A (A, E, I, O, U) Set-Builder Method: Page 1 of 1

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    Paulino Adao
    It is a summary of basic set theory. Very for students who can difficultly understand this subject which is one of the bases to understand many other math topics like algebra, number theory, topology, etc.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    A (A, E, I, O, U) Set-Builder Method: Page 1 of 1

    Uploaded by

    Paulino Adao
    73 views4 pages
    It is a summary of basic set theory. Very for students who can difficultly understand this subject which is one of the bases to understand many other math topics like algebra, number theory, topology, etc.

    Original Title

    Notes on Sets

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    It is a summary of basic set theory. Very for students who can difficultly understand this subject which is one of the bases to understand many other math topics like algebra, number theory, topology, etc.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    73 views4 pages

    A (A, E, I, O, U) Set-Builder Method: Page 1 of 1

    Uploaded by

    Paulino Adao
    It is a summary of basic set theory. Very for students who can difficultly understand this subject which is one of the bases to understand many other math topics like algebra, number theory, topology, etc.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    SETS

    A SET is a well-defined collection of objects. Use


    capital letters to denote sets (A, B, )

    The objects in a set are called ELEMENTS or
    MEMBERS of the set. Use lower case letters
    to represent elements (a, b, )

    Sets can be defined by
    - listing the elements - the Roster Method
    e.g. A = {a, e, i, o, u};
    - defining elements by stating a property - the
    Set-Builder method
    e.g. A = {x | x is a primary vowel}

    If a is an element of the set A, write a A.
    If a is NOT an element of A, write a A.

    The UNIVERSAL SET is the set of all objects or
    elements possibly of interest in the problem.
    Label it U.

    The EMPTY SET is a set containing no objects.
    Label it . = { }. (a set with no elements).
    Page 1 of 1

    Two sets A and B are said to be EQUAL if and
    only if they contain the exact same collection
    of objects. Write A = B .

    A set A is a SUBSET of a set B if every element
    in A is also an element of B. Write A B or
    A B .

    If A is not a subset of B, write A B .

    Note: A = B iff A B and B A .

    Every set is a SUBSET of the universal set.
    (i.e. A U for every set A)

    Every set is a SUBSET of itself (i.e. A A).

    The empty set is a subset of every set
    (i.e. A for every set A).

    A set containing n elements has exactly 2
    n

    subsets. For example, the 2
    3
    = 8 subsets of
    the set A = {a, b, c} are as follows:
    = { }, {a}, {b}, {c},
    {a, b}, {a, c}, {b, c}, A = {a, b, c}.
    Page 2 of 2
    ALGEBRA OF SETS

    The COMPLEMENT of set A is the set
    labelled A
    C
    = A = A' that contains all of
    elements in the universal set U that are
    NOT contained in the set A.

    If e is an element of the set A
    C
    , then
    e is NOT in A .


    The INTERSECTION of two sets A and B is
    the set labeled A I B that contains all
    elements that are in both of sets A and B.

    If e is an element of the set A I B , then
    e is in A AND e is in B.
    (e is in BOTH of A and B)

    The UNION of two sets A and B is the set
    labelled A U B that contains all elements
    in A together with all elements in B .

    If e is an element of the set A U B , then
    e is in A OR e is in B
    (or e is in ONE or BOTH of A and B)
    Page 3 of 3
    Two sets A and B are DISJOINT if their
    intersection is empty; i.e. A I B = .

    For any set A and its complement A
    C
    ,
    A A I
    C
    = and A U A
    C
    = U .

    A PARTITION of a set A is a break-up of the
    set into two or more disjoint sets whose
    union is the set A.

    Examples:
    1. A and A
    C
    form a partition of U .
    2. A I B and A B I
    C
    partition the set A .

    SOME SUBSET PROPERTIES

    For any two sets A and B,
    Page 4 of 4
    1.
    2.
    3.

    A I B A and A I B B
    A A U B and B A U B
    A I B A U B

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