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ARTHUR CAYLEY Mathematician (1821 Richmond, 1895 Cambridge, United Kingdom)

Arthur Cayley was an English mathematician known for developing the foundations of linear algebra in 1857 by establishing the rules for how matrices are added and multiplied. He had a very productive career publishing over 250 mathematical articles. Cayley is considered one of the most prolific mathematicians in history, making contributions across many areas of pure mathematics. George Dantzig was an American mathematician who developed the simplex method, revolutionizing linear programming. He received multiple advanced degrees and published extensively on linear programming techniques. Dantzig is considered the "father of linear programming" for establishing the simplex method, which surprisingly solved problems with great efficiency in far fewer steps than expected.

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46 views3 pages

ARTHUR CAYLEY Mathematician (1821 Richmond, 1895 Cambridge, United Kingdom)

Arthur Cayley was an English mathematician known for developing the foundations of linear algebra in 1857 by establishing the rules for how matrices are added and multiplied. He had a very productive career publishing over 250 mathematical articles. Cayley is considered one of the most prolific mathematicians in history, making contributions across many areas of pure mathematics. George Dantzig was an American mathematician who developed the simplex method, revolutionizing linear programming. He received multiple advanced degrees and published extensively on linear programming techniques. Dantzig is considered the "father of linear programming" for establishing the simplex method, which surprisingly solved problems with great efficiency in far fewer steps than expected.

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ARTHUR CAYLEY Mathematician (1821 Richmond, 1895

Cambridge, United Kingdom)


Mathematical Englishman, development in 1857 of linear algebra of counterfoils,
that is to say, the rules that illustrate the form in which of they add up and the
counterfoils multiply. There was called "The mathematician of the mathematicians
Son of merchants, who had lived during generations in Yorkshire, England.
Nevertheless his father moved to Russia. This way the first eight years of his
infancy passed in Saint Petersburg. Arthur showed promptly skill for the
calculation.
Already in 1835, in the King's College School, with 14 years his mathematical
vocation was manifest. In 1838 it joined the Trinity College of Cambridge, where he
studied Mathematics and Law, graduating in 1842.
Obtained a scholarship in that university, during this time Mathematical Journal
published 29 works in the Cambridge. Later it was 14 years working of attorney, he
considered this profession to be a way to gain money and to be able to dedicate
his free time to the mathematics which was his great passion. In 14 years it would
publish 250 articles related to the mathematics.
Cayley is qualified as the most productive third mathematician in the history, it is
almost impossible to find an area inside the pure mathematics that this author has
not structured and enriched. It was the first one in contributing to the analytical
geometry. It is said that his temperament was calmed, serenely and nicely, I
develop great interest for the reading novel, he was practising very much this habit,
he read thousands of novels in Greek, Frenchman and Italian.
The counterfoils arose with Cayley related to the linear transformations of the type:


GEORGE DANTZIG (November 8, 1914 - May 13,
2005)
FATHER OF THE LINEAR PROGRAMMING
George Bernard Dantzig was a mathematician recognized for developing the
method simplex and he is considered to be the " father of the linear programming.
Obtained his master in Mathematics and Physics in the University of Maryland in
1936, his degree of mster in Mathematics in the University of Michigan, and his
doctorate in laUniversidad of California, Berkeley in 1946. It received in addition an
honorary doctorate of the University of Maryland in 1976.
His father, Tobas Dantzig, was a Russian mathematician who realized studies with
Henri Poincar, in Paris. Tobas married a student of the university of Sorbonne,
Anja Ourisson, and the pair immigrated to the United States.
Along his life published multitude of works and several books. Nevertheless the
book "Linear Programming" composed by two volumes in which it formed the
principal ideas of his studies and investigations, is considered to be the Bible of the
Linear Programming and the Operative Investigation. The first one of them, with
the subtitle "Introduction", was published in 1997 whereas the second one, "
Theory and Extensions ", would not appear until 2003. Both were written together
with Mukund N. Thapa. In the first volume, as his name indicates, treats of the
basic aspects of the Linear Programming and royal applications. For your part, in
the second one the theory is extended, and there include variants of the method
Simplex, methods of the interior and enclosed point theory of games, between
others.
The own Dantzig was surprised that the method Simplex was working with so
many efficiency, as it is possible to verify in an interview of 1999. Mentioning his
own words: " Most of the occasions the method Simplex was solving problems of m
equations in 2m or in 3m steps, something really impressive. Actually I never
thought that it went to turn out to be so efficient. In those days I still had little
experience with problems of big dimensions and was not trusting in my geometric
intuition. For example, he was thinking that the procedure would ask too many
steps of a vertex from the following one. In the practice they are very few steps.
Saying with few words, the intuition in spaces of big dimensions is not a very good
guide. Only now, 52 years after having proposed the method Simplex for the first
time, the people begin to have an idea of why the method works so well since does
it.
On May 13, 2005, George Bernard Dantzig, died to the age of 90 years in his
Stanford's house due to complications with the diabetes and cardiovascular
problems.

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