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    Frame Analysis

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    Syed Mohd Mehdi
    The portal method is an approximate analysis technique for low-rise building frames under lateral loading. It makes three main assumptions: 1) inflection points occur at mid-height of each column, 2) inflection points occur at the center of each beam, and 3) horizontal shear is divided among columns with interior columns taking twice the shear of exterior columns. The method is illustrated through an example of determining member forces in a two-story frame subjected to lateral loads. Shear and moments are calculated at each story using free body diagrams of the frame portions above and below assumed inflection points.

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    Frame Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Syed Mohd Mehdi
    203 views4 pages
    The portal method is an approximate analysis technique for low-rise building frames under lateral loading. It makes three main assumptions: 1) inflection points occur at mid-height of each column, 2) inflection points occur at the center of each beam, and 3) horizontal shear is divided among columns with interior columns taking twice the shear of exterior columns. The method is illustrated through an example of determining member forces in a two-story frame subjected to lateral loads. Shear and moments are calculated at each story using free body diagrams of the frame portions above and below assumed inflection points.

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    The portal method is an approximate analysis technique for low-rise building frames under lateral loading. It makes three main assumptions: 1) inflection points occur at mid-height of each column, 2) inflection points occur at the center of each beam, and 3) horizontal shear is divided among columns with interior columns taking twice the shear of exterior columns. The method is illustrated through an example of determining member forces in a two-story frame subjected to lateral loads. Shear and moments are calculated at each story using free body diagrams of the frame portions above and below assumed inflection points.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    203 views4 pages

    Frame Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Syed Mohd Mehdi
    The portal method is an approximate analysis technique for low-rise building frames under lateral loading. It makes three main assumptions: 1) inflection points occur at mid-height of each column, 2) inflection points occur at the center of each beam, and 3) horizontal shear is divided among columns with interior columns taking twice the shear of exterior columns. The method is illustrated through an example of determining member forces in a two-story frame subjected to lateral loads. Shear and moments are calculated at each story using free body diagrams of the frame portions above and below assumed inflection points.

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    The portal method is an approximate analysis technique for low-rise building frames under lateral loads. It involves assuming inflection points and distributing shear among columns.

    The portal method is an approximate analysis technique that involves assuming inflection points at mid-height of columns and the center of beams. It also distributes shear among columns such that interior columns take twice the shear of exterior columns.

    In the portal method, shear is distributed among columns such that the interior column takes twice the shear of the exterior column. This is because the interior column is resisting the shear of two 'portals' while the exterior column only resists one.

    PORTAL METHOD OF APPROXIMATE ANALYSIS

    PORTAL METHOD OF APPROXIMATE ANALYSIS


    The portal method is an approximate analysis used for analysing building frames
    subjected to lateral loading such as the one shown in figure 1(a). This method is more
    appropriate for low rise (say height is less than width) building frames. In the analysis,
    the following assumptions are made:
    1. An inflection point is located at mid-height of each column.
    2. An inflection point is located at the centre of each beam, and
    3. The horizontal shear is divided among all the columns on the basis that each interior
    column takes twice as much as exterior column.

    Figure-1: Portal Method of Approximate Analysis
    The basis for the third assumption stems from the reasoning that the frame is composed
    of individual portals as show in figure 1(b).
    Obviously an interior column is in effect resisting the shear of columns of the individual
    portals. The following example illustrates the procedure involved in the analysis of
    building frames by the portal frame method.
    Example:
    It is required to determine the approximate values of moment, shear and axial force in
    each member of frame as shown in figure 2, using portal method.

    Figure 2: Frame under lateral load
    Considering the first upper storey, inflection points are assumed at mid height on each
    column. We obtain the shear in each column from a free body diagram of the structure
    above the hinge level by assigning shear to the interior column equal to twice the shear
    in exterior column as shown in figure 3(a).

    Figure 3(a): Distribution of shear among columns

    Figure 3(b): Free-body diagram of parts of upper storey

    Figure 3(c): Free body diagrams of parts of lower storey
    H + 2H + H = 20
    => H = 5 kN
    Inflection points are also assumed at the centre of beams GH and HK. The member
    forces in the upper part of the frame can be evaluated from the free body diagram of the
    parts shown in figure 3(b) beginning with G or from K and working across. The resulting
    forces must check with the free body diagram at the opposite end. The resulting forces
    are indicated on the diagram.
    Again inflection points are assumed at mid-height of lower storey columns and the shear
    is distributed as in the upper storey. Thus, in the lower storey:
    H + 2H + H = 60 kN
    => H = 15 kN.
    The forces in the members of the lower storey are obtained from the free body diagrams
    of figure 3(c). The maximum moment in each member of the structure is readily
    obtained once the value of shear at the inflection points have been determined.
    The moment diagram drawn on the frame on the tension side of the members is shown
    in figure 4. The maximum values of shear and axial forces are indicated along each
    member. The shears are shown without any sign. The positive value of the axial force
    indicates tension.

    Figure 4: Forces in frame members
    v

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