Scribd
Upload
204 views3 pages

History of Compouter

The document summarizes the history and development of early calculating devices from ancient abacuses to modern computers. It describes devices like the abacus, Napier's bones, slide rules, mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz, Jacquard's punched-card loom, and Charles Babbage's analytical engine, the first general-purpose computer designed in the 1830s. It then discusses the development of electronic computers in the 20th century, including ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer built in 1946.

Uploaded by

Franch Maverick Arellano Lorilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
204 views3 pages

History of Compouter

The document summarizes the history and development of early calculating devices from ancient abacuses to modern computers. It describes devices like the abacus, Napier's bones, slide rules, mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz, Jacquard's punched-card loom, and Charles Babbage's analytical engine, the first general-purpose computer designed in the 1830s. It then discusses the development of electronic computers in the 20th century, including ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer built in 1946.

Uploaded by

Franch Maverick Arellano Lorilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

The word to calculate is derived from the Latin word calculus which means small ston

es,
suggests that pebbles or beads were used as illustrated by Chinese as early as 1
200 A.D. (used in Egypt in 500 BC) for calculating data.
I. EARLY COUNTING AND CALCULATING DEVICES
ABACUS
NAPIERS BONES
SLIDE RULE
first man made computing device made up of beads, by moving the beads that have
different positional significance on the rods
performs Addition and Subtraction.
were used by the Chinese around 200 B.C known as saunpan; in Japan it was known as
soroban
The Abacus was so efficient that it spread far and wide and in some lands, it is
still in use.
The Abacus met competition as a computing tool in the 17th century.
During this era, European thinkers were fascinated by the challenge of m
aking devices to aid in calculations.
NAPIERS BONES
JOHN NAPIER
Scotchman,
theologian, mathematician and designer of military weapons who discovere
d LOGARITHMS in 1614.
LOGARITHMS - a technology that allows multiplication to be performed via additi
on.
An alternative to tables, where the logarithm values were carved on ivory stick
s are called Napier's Bones.
SLIDE RULE
William Oughtred
English mathematician who combined Napiers Table into a handy device for rapid ca
lculation
Invented in late 1620s (1632) that makes multiplication done faster.
It is operated by sliding one ruler over the other.
II. MECHANICAL CALCULATING DEVICES
ARITHMETIC ENGINE
STEPPED RECKONER
MECHANICAL LOOM
DIFFERENCE MACHINE (DIFFERENCE ENGINE)
ANALYTICAL ENGINE
SCHEUTZ DIFFERENCE ENGINE
ARITHMETIC ENGINE
BLAISE PASCAL
French mathematician and experimental physicist, at age 19
PASCALINE - a cigar box sized, patterned after the abacus,
but instead of using hands to move the beads or counters, using pegged wheels.
Invented in 1642 for tax collection problems in France
a mechanical adding machine that could
ADD and SUBTRACT numbers up to 8
digits.
STEPPED RECKONER
GOTTFRIED WILHELM VON LEIBNIZ
a German Philosopher and mathematician
an improvement of Pascals machine which is a form of calculator in 1674
for his fathers mercantile business
it can add, subtract, multiply, divide and extract square roots.
Number system (each drum had 10 flutes),
Leibniz was the first to advocate use of the binary number system
One of the greatest of the philosophers but he died poor and alone.
When the age of industrialization spread throughout Europe, machines became regu
lar fixtures in agricultural and production sites.
MECHANICAL LOOM
JOSEPH MARIE JACQUARD
A Frenchman
It uses punched cards that is used to weave fabrics in1801
The invention was not a computer;
Machine can do repetitious jobs 24 hours a day without subject to boredom.
repetitious nature of the task requires weavers working on looms devised a stiff
card with a series of holes punched in it.
It can weave flower design or any pictures of animals with ease.
The idea of using a punched card to store a pre determined pattern to be woven b
y the loom ingrained in the mind of Charles Babbage.
DIFFERENCE MACHINE
CHARLES BABBAGE
a French mathematician
He constructed a demonstration model based on the rotating wheel principle.
His preliminary model was made with toothed wheels on shafts turned by a crank.
Invented in 1822

England of the Royal Society
He was able to get a grant from the British Government to construct a full scal
e working version.
Expected to be finished in 3 years
Babbage however worked on it for 10 years with the engine growing more complex
The British Govt. had decided then to withdraw its financial support.
ANALYTICAL MACHINE
Despite the setback, Babbage kept going
Babbage conceived on another machine in 1835.
It can perform all mathematical calculations,
store values in its memory
perform logical comparisons among values.
Babbage was the first person to conceived that a computing machine must be compo
sed of
an input device (he used a card reader),
a memory (he called it The Store),
a central processing unit (he called The Mill), and
an output device (he used a printer)
Could store partial answers which are later used in performing additional operat
ions.
Print the results of its calculations.
It was never built however all that exists of it are reams of plans and drawings
and a small portion of the mill and printer built by Babbages son.
What was the missing in Babbages dream was electronics-because technology at that
time has not even thought of electronics.
LADY ADA AUGUSTA BYRON
Worked with Babbage when she was 27.
Developed the instructions for doing computations for the analytical engine.
Her suggestions that punched cards could be prepared to instruct Babbage engine
to repeat certain operations
THE FIRST COMPUTER PROGRAMMER.
SCHEUTZ DIFFERENCE ENGINE
PEHR GEORG SCHEUTZ
A Swedish Printer, Inventor and Translator
A modified version of Babbage Difference Machine
III. DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS
PUNCHED CARD MACHINES
Atanasoff-Berry Computer
MARK 1 (AUTOMATIC SEQUENCED CONTROLLED CALCULATOR )
COMPLEX NUMERICAL CALCULATOR
Z1-Z4
ENIAC ( Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)
EDSAC ( ELECTRONIC DELAY STORAGE AUTOMATIC CALCULATOR)
EDVAC (ELECTRONIC DISCRETE VARIABLE COMPUTER)

You might also like