MATHEMATICAL REASONING

1 (a) Determine whether the following sentence is a statement or not a

statement.

(b) Write down the two implications based on the following compound
statement.
.

(c) Based on the information below, make one conclusion by deduction for
the volume of a cube with sides cm.

Answer!
(a) """""""""""""""""""""""""""".
(b) #mplication #! """"""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
#mplication ##! """"""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""


(c) . ."""""""""""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

(a) $tate whether the sentence below a statement or a non%statement.
(b) Write down a true statement using both of the following statements!
$tatement 1 ! &

' 1(
$tatement ! 1( ) 1( ' 1((
(c) Write down two implications based on the following sentence.


Answer! (a) """""""""""""
(b) """"""."""""""""""""""""

(c) #mplication 1!
"""""""""""""""""""""""

#mplication !
"""""""""""""""""""""
y < x if and only if *y > *x
+ , marks -
.ll multiples of can be divided by ,.

+ & marks -
p / 0 ' 1 if and only if p ' &
& &( =
2he volume of a cube with sides x cm is x
0
cm
0
.
$tatement 31
#f p / 0 ' 1 then p ' & 31
#f p ' & then p/ 0 ' & 31

0
or 1 4
$tatement 31
&

' 1( or 1( ) 1( ' 1(( 31
#f y < x then *y > *x 31
if *y > *x then y < x 31
0 (a) Determine whether the following sentence is a statement or a non%
statement.
(b) Write down the converse of the following implication, hence state
whether the converse is true or false.
(c) 5ake a general conclusion by induction for a list of numbers 0, 16, &&,
17, " which follows the following pattern!


Answer! (a) """""""""""""
(b) """"""."""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""".
(c) 8onclusion ! """"""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""".
, (a) $tate whether each of the following compound statement is true or false.

(b) Write down two implications based on the following compound
statement!

(c) Write down 3remise to complete the following argument!
3remis 1!
#f PQRS is a cyclic 9uadrilateral, then the sum of the interior opposite
angles of PQRS is 11(.
3remis !

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""".
8onclusion!
3:;$ is not a cyclic 9uadrilateral.
Answer! (a) """""""""""""
(b) """"""."""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""".
(c) 3remise ! """"""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""".
m

/ &m * 0 ' (
#f x is an odd number then x is an even number
0 ' (1)
0
/ 1
16 ' ()
0
/ 1
&& ' (0)
0
/ 1
17 ' (,)
0
/ 1
+ & marks -
6 ) 6 ' ,7 and (*6)

' ,7
KLM is an isosceles triangle if and only if two angles in
KLM are e9ual.
+ & marks -
non%statement 31
if x is an even number then x is an odd number 31
false 31
n
0
/ 1, where n ' 1, , 0, ,, " 4
2rue 31
#f KLM is an isosceles triangle then two angles in
KLM are e9ual 31
#f two angles in KLM are e9ual then #f KLM is an
isosceles triangle 31
2he sum of the interior opposite
angles of PQRS is not 11(. 4
< (a) $tate whether each of the following statements is true or false.

(i) , <,
0
=
(ii) * & > * 1 and (.(0 ' 0 ) 1(
*1
.

(b) Write down two implications based on the following sentence.
.
(c) 8omplete the premise in the following argument!

3remise 1 ! """""""""""""""""""""".
3remise ! 7(
(
x 11(
(
.
8onclusion ! sin x
o
is positive.
Answer!
(a) (i) """""""""""""..
(ii) """"""""""""".
(b) #mplication #! """"""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""
#mplication ##! """"""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""

(c) 3remise 1! """""""""""""""""""""""
"""""""""""""""""""""""

& (a) $tate whether the following statement is true or false.

(b) Write two implications based on the following statement!

(c) 5ake a general conclusion by induction for the se9uence of numbers
&, 1, 11, 1,, " which follows the following pattern!

Answer!
(a) """""""""""""""""""""""""""".
(b) #mplication 1!
. ."""""""""""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
#mplication !
. ."""""""""""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

(c) . ."""""""""""""""""""""""""""
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
ABC is an e9uilateral triangle if and only if each of the interior
angle of ABC is <(
(
.
+ & marks -
+ & marks -
.ll triangles have sides of e9ual length
m 0

> ( if and only if m > 0
& ' 0(1) /
1 ' 0() /
11 ' 0(0) /
1, ' 0(,) /
=alse 31
If m 0

> ( then m > 0 31
if m > 0 then m 0

> (

31
0n / , where n ' 1, , 0, ,, " 4
2rue 31
=alse 31
#f ABC is an e9uilateral triangle then each of the
interior angle of ABC is <(
(
. 31
#f each of the interior angle of ABC is <(
(
then
ABC is an e9uilateral triangle. 31
#f 7(
(
x 11(
(
then sin x
o
is positive. 41